Editorial Dentistry and Diabetes: The Influence of Diabetes in Oral Diseases...
Transcript of Editorial Dentistry and Diabetes: The Influence of Diabetes in Oral Diseases...
EditorialDentistry and Diabetes: The Influence of Diabetes inOral Diseases and Dental Treatments
Eugenio Velasco-Ortega,1 Rafael Arcesio Delgado-Ruiz,2 and Jose López-López3
1University of Seville, Seville, Spain2Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA3University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Correspondence should be addressed to Eugenio Velasco-Ortega; [email protected]
Received 15 November 2016; Accepted 16 November 2016
Copyright © 2016 Eugenio Velasco-Ortega et al.This is an open access article distributed under the Creative CommonsAttributionLicense, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in anymedium, provided the originalwork is properly cited.
Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs when the pancreasdoes not produce enough insulin or when the body cannoteffectively use the insulin that it produces. The number ofpeople with diabetes is increasing. These trends highlight theurgency for a better understanding of diabetes as well as forimproving the dental care of patients with diabetes. Patientswith diabetes have increased frequency of periodontitis, toothloss, and xerostomia, and diabetes has been considered a riskcondition for oral surgery and dental implants with the factthat it is associated with delayed wound healing, prevalenceof microvascular disease, and impaired response to infection.
J. Gonzalez-Serrano et al., in a systematic review, showedthat a higher prevalence of oral mucosal disorders was foundin patientswith diabetesmellitus (DM) compared to non-DMpatients. This increased prevalence of oral disorders in DMgroupsmay be due to an inadequatemetabolic control of DMor a slow healing process.
The results of an experimental study in animals aboutthe oxidative damage caused to the salivary glands instreptozotocin-induced diabetes are presented by M. Knas etal. and demonstrated that the unstimulated salivary flow inDM rats was reduced in the 2nd week, while the stimulatedflow was decreased throughout the duration of the experi-ment versus control.
R. M. Lopez-Pintor et al., in a systemic review, showeda decreased salivary flow in DM patients in relation tonon-DM patients. The reasons for these problems could bedue to damage to the gland parenchyma, alterations in themicrocirculation to the salivary glands, dehydration, anddisturbances in glycemic control.
J. Matczuk et al. observed that the high fat diet regimenhad caused significant changes in the salivary glands lipidcomposition, especially in regard to phospholipids (PH) andtriacylglycerol (TG) in rats. The observed reduction in PHconcentration is an interesting phenomenon frequently sig-nifying the atrophy and malfunctions in the saliva secretingorgans. On the other hand, the increased accumulation of TGin the glands may be an important clinical manifestation ofmetabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
The importance of periodontitis in diabetes is assessedby Q. Wang et al. that presented a comparison of experi-mental periodontitis induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis indiabetic mice.
Given the increasing number of dental patients withdiabetes worldwide, there is a necessity for a better under-standing ofmechanisms of the oralmanifestations of diabetesand its comprehensive treatment to prevent possible compli-cations.
Eugenio Velasco-OrtegaRafael Arcesio Delgado-Ruiz
Jose Lopez-Lopez
Hindawi Publishing CorporationJournal of Diabetes ResearchVolume 2016, Article ID 6073190, 1 pagehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6073190
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