EDITOR’S MESSAGE · Mr. W.K.H. Wegapitiya, Chairman, Group CEO of Laughs Holdings. This was...
Transcript of EDITOR’S MESSAGE · Mr. W.K.H. Wegapitiya, Chairman, Group CEO of Laughs Holdings. This was...
EDITOR’S MESSAGE
LEARNING TO LEARN
We wish our readers a Happy and a Prosperous New
Year. This is the fourth “Modulus” published by
SSESL for the year of 2018, elaborating different
research aspects and latest technologies and
practices in the industry. Since the beginning of
2018 we decided to formulate the Modulus in two
segments for technical papers; namely the
“Research and Development Forum” and
“Engineers’ Forum”. Structural Engineers were
invited to publish their successful projects and
technical concerns in the “Engineers Forum” It was
noted that initiative created a wider platform to our
readers for an active participation in the Modulus.
We earnestly look forward to issue the Modulus
quarterly in year 2019 too, hence invite all
enthusiastic readers to contribute articles either to
the “Research and Development Forum” or
“Engineers’ Forum”.
Two decades in to the new century the
SSESL as well as the structural engineering
profession as a whole comprise of both millennial
and older generations. Continuous Professional
Development courses that are being organized,
should cater to both these generations. The
difference in learning styles should be remembered
and well considered in such circumstances. SSESL
has been promoting more of active learning
opportunities through seminars, question times,
guest lectures and quarterly issued Modulus,
favouring both the millennials and Gen X members
of the industry. Realistic projects and real life
experiences of senior engineers shared at SSESL
events and published in the Modulus will appeal to
the sensing learners. New technologies and
research areas discussed under the “Research and
Development Forum” of the Modulus will
encourage the learning media of intuitive learners
who think highly of brainstorming and innovation in
their careers.
The paper presented under “Learning
Styles of Structural Engineers” in the Modulus is an
interesting read for all members to identify their own
learning style and adjust the learning materials
accordingly. It emphasizes the importance of
formulating a strategy for life-long learning to
structural engineers who always need updated
knowledge. The paper also discusses and has proven
that structural engineers are balanced between being
sequential and global which depicts whether they
absorb information in tiny parts or the whole picture
at once.
Use of equations and computer models
abruptly by new generation without understanding
the basic concepts is one complaint surfacing in
today’s engineering forums. However if the learning
styles of engineering students are meticulously
analyzed, the senior professionals will become
aware of the cause for the issue and be more
effective mentors in molding the juniors. Thus all
members are invited to peruse the paper to know
their personal differences in learning and
effectiveness in various teaching modes. We all
agree on the fact that “learning to learn” is the salient
point in acquisition of knowledge.
For supporting young engineers to be
aware of the lacks in their learning and the senior
engineers to strengthen their sentiments in teaching,
SSESL is planning to organize more events in the
coming year. The event calendar for the year 2019
is published for your reference.
Eng. S.S.A. Kalugaldeniya
B.Sc. Eng (Hons), M.Sc. (TUT- Japan), C.Eng.,
MIE (SL), MSSE(SL)
Editor,
Society of Structural Engineers, Sri Lanka.
Email: [email protected]
The statements made or opinions expressed in
the Modulus do not necessarily reflect the views
of the Society of Structural Engineers, Sri Lanka
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The Editor wishes to thank who have peer
reviewed the research articles, Eng. G.
Jathurchan (Editor- Associate Member Chapter-
SSESL, Eng. S. Seyanthan (Asst. Editor-
Associate Member Chapter-SSESL) and Eng.
(Ms) N.A.Amarasinghe (President- Associate
Member Chapter-SSESL) for their contribution
in preparing the Modulus.
CONTENT Cover Story 02
Society News 03-04
Out-going President’s Message 05-07
Research and Development
Forum a) Learning Styles of Structural
Engineers M T P Hettiarachchi
b) Influence of High Temperature
Curing for Strength Development
of Concrete Comprising Fly Ash
and GGBS H.D. Yapa, M.S.M. Najas,
T. Vaseekaran
c) New Insights on Reactive Powder
Concrete for Application in
Bridges H G U Imega, I R A Weerasekera
08-17
18-24
25-33
Engineers’ Forum a) Repairing Methods in Reinforced
Concrete Structures Based on Case
Studies N A Amarasinghe,
S M A L K Sammandapperuma,
S S A Kalugaldeniya
34-42
SEMINARS IN 2019
Newly appointed Executive Committee of SSE-SL
has decided to hold three full day seminars as
conducted in 2018. Accordingly following Full Day
Seminars will be conducted in 2019.
Month Date Topic Venue
April 1st
Design and
Construction
of Deep
Basements
Cinnamon
Grand,
Colombo 03
June 4th Vision on
High Rises
Cinnamon
Grand,
Colombo 03
October 29th
Design and
Construction
of Steel
Structures
Cinnamon
Grand,
Colombo 03
COVER STORY
The cover illustrates the Main dam & Spillway of
Kaluganga Reservoir. It was developed as a part of
Moragahakanda- Kaluganga project which is the last
project to be implemented under Maheweli River
Development Project. The reservoir has been
constructed by blocking the Kalu river at Laggala-
Pallegama area and the capacity of the reservoir
would be 248 million cubic meters. It will provide
water to 3000 families that will be resettled in the
law valley of Kaluganga; surrounding the green city;
New Laggala town. The reservoir will irrigate 2000
acres of land and excess water will be directed to
Moragahakanda reservoir. The project will also
supply water to Mahakandara wewa, Amban Ganga,
Yodha Ela, Minneriya, Girithale, Kavudulla and
Kanthale. Central Engineering Consultancy Bureau
was involved as the Engineer of the project working
together with the contractor; Sinohydro Corporation
Limited. The project cost was approximately 13
billion LKR. Main features of the project are tabled
as follows;
Main
Dam
Length : 618m
Height : 68m
Type : Rock-fill with central Clay Core
Outlets in possession: Bottom Outlet
(BO), Left Bank Irrigation Outlet
(LBO) and Transfer Canal Outlet.
(TCO)
Saddle
Dam
Length : 720m
Height : 28m
Type :Rock-fill with central Clay Core
Outlets in possession : Right Bank
Irrigation Outlet (RBO)
Spill
way
Type : Ogee weir with chute and stilling
basin.
No of Bays: 3 with radial gates.
Height : 12.30 m
Width of Gates : 8.80 m
Length of chute : 144 m
Length of Stilling Basin : 89 m
Depth of Stilling Basin : 19.25m
Tunnels All tunnels covering Diversion (DT),
TCO, LBO, RBO and BO consist of
concrete lining. The DT runs the
lengthiest route with 10m diameter.
SEMINAR ON CHALLENGES IN DESIGNING
OF MODERN INFRASTRUCTURE
The seminar on “Challenges in Designing of Modern
Infrastructure” was held on 27th November, 2018 at
Cinnamon Grand, Colombo. This seminar was
sponsored collaboratively by MELWA, Insee
Cement, Sanken Construction and DIMO. The
objective of this seminar was to learn, share and
discuss the knowledge on designs and construction of
modern infrastructure. Recent advances in design
technologies, construction methodologies and
material upgrading were also highlighted in the
seminar.
This was conducted in two sessions, Session A in the
morning and Session B in the afternoon. Morning
session was chaired by Eng.Saro Weerasuriya and
afternoon session was chaired by Eng.Deepal
Wickramasinghe. There were three presentations in
Session A on the topics of “Design and Construction
Aspects of the Colombo Lotus Tower”, “Structural
Design Aspects of Modern Airport” and “An
Overview of Strengthening, Modification and Repair
Techniques – Oil and Gas Industry”, which were
presented by Prof.W.P.S.Dias, Eng.S.A.Karunarathna
and Dr.Nadun Alwis respectively.
Besides, session B too consisted of three
presentations on “High Performance
Concrete/Durable Structures”, “Urban Infrastructure
and Connectivity” and “Design and Construction of
Port City”. These presentations were delivered by
Eng.Pieter Keppens, Archt. Dr.N.A.D.Senaka
Dharmatileke and Eng.Lal Kumarasiri respectively.
The seminar was concluded successfully, followed by
panel discussions for both sessions which enabled
participants to interact with speakers by forwarding
their queries and sharing thoughts.
Figure 1: President of SSESL delivering the Welcome
Speech
Figure 4: Archt. Dr. N.A.D. Senaka Dharmatileke delivering his
presentation on “Urban Infrastructure and Connectivity”
Figure 5: Eng. Deepal Wickramasinghe conducting the panel
discussion for Session B
Figure 2: Prof. W.P.S. Dias presenting on “Design and
Construction Aspects of the Colombo Lotus Tower”
Figure 3: Eng. Saro Weerasuriya conducting the panel
discussion for Session A
SOCIETY NEWS
ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING – 2018
The Twenty Fifth Annual General Meeting of SSE-
SL took place on 11th February 2018, at Cinnamon
Grand, and followed by cocktail and fellowship
dinner. The welcome speech made by the president
SSESL is transcribed in the next page. Guest speech
on the topic of merging professionalism and
entrepreneurship was delivered by the Guest Speaker
Mr. W.K.H. Wegapitiya, Chairman, Group CEO of
Laughs Holdings. This was followed by the
presentation, sponsored by Ceylon Steel Corporation.
NEW EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE FOR THE
YEAR 2018/2019
The following members were elected as the
Executive Committee for the year 2018/2019 at the
Annual General Meeting.
Office Bearers
President Eng. N. A. Abeysuriya
Immediate Past
President
Eng. K.L. S. Sahabandu
Past President Eng. S.A. Karunaratne
Vice President Eng. A S B Edirisinghe
Hon. Secretary Eng. T J Jayasundara
Assistant Secretary Eng. Y. Goguladas
Treasurer Eng. L. Gunawickrama
Assistant Treasurer Eng. R.M.A. Senerath
Editor Eng. S.S.A. Kalugaldeniya
Assistant Editor Eng.(Dr.) K.S. Wanniarachchi
Public Relations
Officer
Eng. G. Ramawickrama
Executive Comittee
Eng. S.U. Jayakody
Eng. A. Mataraarchchi
Eng. R.S.K. Trimavithana
Eng. U.L.S. Fernando
Eng. D.T. Rajasekaran
Eng. W.J.B.S. Fernando
Figure 1: The outgoing executive committee for the year
2017/2018
Figure 2: Conducting procedures of the AGM by presenting
the report for the previous year
Figure 3: Clarifications and quarries forwarded by the
audience
Figure 4: Mr. W.K.H. Wegapitiya delivering the guest
lecture
Figure 5: Cocktail and dinner followed by the successful
completion of the AGM
SPEECH MADE BY ENG. K.L.S.
SAHABANDU, THE PRESIDENT-
SSESL AT THE ANNUAL GENERAL
MEETING 2018
Past Presidents, Executive
Committee Members.
Hony. Fellows, Fellows
and Members of the
Society of Structural
Engineers - Sri Lanka
Ladies and Gentlemen
Good evening to you all
It has indeed been an honour and privilege
to serve as the President of the prestigious Society
of Structural Engineers – Sri Lanka; I am deeply
grateful to the membership for having faith in me
and re-electing me for the second term at last Annual
General Meeting. I’m humbled to note that along the
journey, I did discover that “I may be the President
by title BUT we are a TEAM when it come to the
day to day activities.”
Having said that at the outset, I consider it
as my duty, in this fine evening, to recollect and
gratefully acknowledge the significant contributions
of our past Presidents and Executive Committee
Members whose dedication and commitment helped
us to build and propel the professional stature of
SSESL to what it is today – Eng. Daya Silva our
first President for his pioneering efforts with other
leading structural engineers in the country forming
the Society in 1989; the late Dr. Balasooriya, Dr.
A.C. Visvalingam, Eng. A.D. Wickremasinghe and
Eng. Ajith Jayasinghe for their untiring efforts
especially in achieving recognition for the Society in
the industry as well as through the Parliament Act in
year 2009, and Eng. S.A. Karunaratne and Prof.
Ruwan Weerasekara for evolving the thriving
practitioner-academia interactions in advancing
industry relevant structural engineering best
practices and knowledge in Sri Lanka.
Me together with my fellow colleagues of
the Executive Committees of 2017/2018, engaged in
strategic planning to contemplate our Society’s
future. Our priorities have been to strengthen the
Society and serve our members and our community
as best as we can while maintaining and enhancing
their present status and activities. Please allow me
to list out some of these which I promised you at the
time when you all elected me first time in year 2015
as the President of the Society:
1. Gaining Industry recognition – including increased
awareness among policy makers and the political
leadership – to achieve prime responsibility status
and lead role for Structural Engineers in the
development, design and implementation of mega
scale national engineering projects.
2. Gaining wide recognition and awareness for
Structural Engineering as a unique profession with
a strong professional identity for contributions in:
public safety and risk management,
sustainable / economic resource use
management, and
application of innovative technologies for
creation of environment friendly,
inspirational structures and a sustainable
built environment.
3. Acquiring a suitable land / building for the Society
Headquarters.
4. Implementing programmes to attract the “best and
bright” engineering graduates to the field of
structural engineering.
5. Strengthening programmes for updating technical
competencies; providing a forum for resolving
technical issues; maintaining professional conduct
/ ethical behaviour internally among members of
the Society and externally with Clients and other
stakeholders.
6. Conducting Conferences and Workshops of
international standard to facilitate knowledge
transfer to our members.
7. Promoting fund raising activities.
I am humbled to report some highlights of our
achievements and successes during my tenure.
Having gained due recognition under the
Construction Industry Development Act passed by
the Parliament of Sri Lanka in 2014, we have been
increasingly contributing to a number of policy
formulating / technical committees related to the
construction industry which were set up by well
reputed institutions such as Urban Development
Authority (UDA), Construction Industry
Development Authority (CIDA), Sri Lanka
Standards Institution (SLSI), etc. Further, thereby,
we have been able to portray ourselves to the above
institutions to the effect that the field of Structural
Engineering is a unique profession with a strong
professional identity towards contributions in the
aforesaid areas.
I am also pleased to note that the Association of
the Organization of Professional Associations of Sri
Lanka (OPA) in which SSE-SL secured membership
in year 2016, has nominated the President-SSE-SL
as the Chairman of the Construction Industry Sector
Committee for year 2017/2018 and 2018/19. For
your information, currently there are 49 Professional
Member Associations attached with OPA.
Also, we gained the Institutional Membership
of the Chamber of Construction Industry (CCI)
which is considered today (also by the proposed Act
of Parliament) as apex representative body of
construction industry stakeholders in Sri Lanka.
According to the CCI rules; Professional Institutions
and Associations related to construction industry,
with a membership and rules and regulations of their
own, admitted as Institutional Members. Currently
there are 11 member institutions and associations
attached with CCI.
You may already aware that SSE-SL represents
the Credential Committee of the Construction
Industry Development Authority (CIDA) on
registration of Qualified Persons and Organizations,
the Steering Committee of CIDA and the Sub-
Committee to draft Criteria Procedures related to
Technical Auditing as per Construction Industry
Development Act No.33 of CIDA.
You may also aware that in our attempts to
acquire a suitable land / office space for the Society,
we have been successful in convincing the Ministry
of Megapolis and Western Development after which
the Secretary of the Ministry has agreed to provide
a space from proposed Real Time Flood Control
Centre building which is being constructed at
Kirimandala Mawatha, on long term leasing basis.
The proposal is presently re-considered under the
circumstance that the progress of construction has
become very slow and financial allocation for the
building has not been finalised.
Yet, we have learnt that another land owned by
the Institute of Town Planners (ITPSL) is planned to
be developed in collaboration with CCI at which
place SSE-SL could secure an office space. We have
principally accepted the proposal and decide to carry
out further discussion with CCI and ITPSL on
project implementation. Meantime, the Ministry of
Megapolis has also made plans to develop a plot of
land at Colombage Mawatha to provide office space
for professional institutions. If this works out, there
would be an opportunity securing an office space
there having informed our need to the Ministry
already.
Anyway, please let us keep you informed of the
progress of works in this respect and rest assured
that we’ll be resorting to the best decision which
would be beneficial to the Society in every aspect
with your blessings.
Last year, we’ve made initiatives to form
categorical Chapters of the Society and establish
such Chapters towards further reach out and to
provide appropriate platforms to suiting the
dynamism of the different categorical membership.
In this respect, two chapters were identified; one for
the Associate Members and other one for the
Student Members of each university where
Engineering educational degree programmes are
conducted. The main objectives of these Chapters
would be:
1. To enhance the Society Activities in the
industry as well as in the Universities.
2. To attract the “best and bright” engineering
graduates to the field of structural engineering.
3. To further structural knowledge among the
members of the Chapters by conducting
seminars, workshops etc.
4. Train young engineers / engineering students
for the leadership which will useful to identify
strong characters to undertake the leadership of
the Society in future.
As per our plans, I’m very much pleased to put
on record that we’ve already established the
Chapters of Associate Membership and Students
Membership of the University of Moratuwa,
Perdeniya and Ruhuna.
In support of the professional development of our
membership by affording them professional
dialogue, this year too, the Society conducted the
monthly Question Time programme uninterruptedly
and conducted one Evening Lecture. Fellowship
dinner was introduced after the Question Time
Programme to give opportunities to participants to
have dialogues and networking which would be
beneficial to the growth of the construction industry.
We held three seminars, namely; “Advances in
Reinforced Concrete Technology”, “Design Aspects
of High Rise Buildings and Modern Infrastructure”
and “Challenges in Designing Modern
Infrastructure” on 27th March 2018, 18th June 2018,
and 27th November 2018, respectively, attracting a
house-overflowing audience.
Output of these Seminars and Question Time
Programme are considered essential for the
Structural Engineers and Construction Professionals
to stretch their creativity and adapt their knowledge
to cutting edge limits. These events not only expose
new technology to the local professionals but also
give opportunities to develop networking among
investors, government officials, professionals,
contractors, and suppliers etc. who are actively
engaged in the construction industry in the region.
Further, the participation of international
resource personals has also disclosed the need to
“go-global” while facilitating a Regional Hub for
such professional dialogues. I am certain that with
our dedication and commitment, it would definitely
be possible to reach out, and as the first step, to plan
for a peer reviewed international structural
engineering conference in the near future. Let us be
hopeful that the academia, in particular, would
extend their fullest cooperation in this regard.
Equally important and successful was the
“Annual Sessions” held on 14th August 2018 of the
Society organized with the broad aim of creating a
research and innovative culture amongst its
membership which had reached out to the target
groups appreciably. The Sessions included eleven
peer reviewed, fascinating, research work presented
in two plenary sessions of which the Best piece of
work would be awarded the Professor Raggu
Chandrakeerthy Gold Medal after evaluating at
three stages.This year, we have also been successful
in publishing three issues of the quarterly Modulus
providing a further opportunity to the engineers to
publish and share their works of engineering value
which certainly stands to serve the primary objective
of the Society.
In the interest of motivating authors towards
contributing for the Modulus while improving their
research, innovation and writing abilities, you may
aware that SSE-SL decided to recognize the best
paper published in “Modulus”, annually, with a
prestigious Gold Medal Award to be awarded at the
AGM since last year. I take this opportunity to
gratefully acknowledge the financial contribution of
Access Engineering PLC, for this endeavour on
behalf of the society. Please await for the moment of
Professor Raggu Chandrakeerthy Gold Medal
Award for the best paper presented in the Annual
Session and “Access Engineering PLC Gold Medal
Award” for the Best Paper published in “Modulus”.
All in all, the events calendar of the Society was
basically saturated with a well distributed series of
activities including Seven Question Times, One
Evening Lecture, Three seminars, Annual Sessions,
and the release of 3 quarterly issues of the Modulus.
I’m also pleased to bring to your kind
information that, by way of the said activities, we
have been able to attract more sponsorship with a
significant increase of income of the Society
compared to previous financial years, while
increasing the profit which we need to fulfil our
dreams especially to have our own office and a
premises. Increase of the net income and assets of
the Society is very important for its future
sustainability and further development of its
activities.
Further, I should pay my gratitude to the
sponsors who voluntarily supported us to make these
events in realities. Special thanks are deserved by
UltraTech and Melwa sponsoring for the Seminar on
“Advances in Reinforced Concrete Technology”. I
would like to thank Alumex, Insee Cement and
Maga for being joint sponsors for the seminar on
“Design Aspects of High Rise Buildings and
Modern Infrastructure”. I greatly acknowledge
Incee Cement, Melwa, Sanken Construction and
Dimo for their generous sponsorships on the
Seminar on “Challenges in Designing of Modern
Infrastructure”. We greatly appreciate Tokyo
Cement for their Generous Sole Sponsorship for our
Annual Sessions. A special thanks is deserved by
Ceylon Steel Corporation for their sponsorship on
today’s Annual General Meeting. Further, being in
the recent post conflict era, in which the construction
industry looks forward to many new innovative and
glamorous structures, I believe our members will be
busy analysing, evaluating and communicating their
results to the policy makers and the public which
would help improve their understanding, whereby
the presence of the Society would be further
recognized and consolidated.
Finally, I want to thank my fellow
colleagues in the Executive Committee help portray
the Society as a dynamic entity in the engineering
sector of the country. They have proven to be tireless
workers. They understood the needs and
complexities of managing the prestigious society
and, accordingly were dedicated, committed and
cooperated towards the success of the Society’s
goals. Let me express publically my sincere
appreciations to each one of you.
Conclusively, as the President, you get the
opportunity to express your ideas and beliefs in a
way that has authority, precision, and can be heard
all across the membership and stakeholders. To the
best of my ability, I have sought to speak for all of
us, and I hope I have accomplished that to your
satisfaction. I have tried to be that one voice that has
been consistent on the values and principles that
have made us strong, that have bound us together for
all of these years, and that have protected the
structural engineering fraternity of Sri Lanka.
Wish you all pleasant and extremely pleasing
moments ahead.
Thank you very much.