Geographic Information System (GIS)-Based Maps of Appalachian Basin Oil and Gas Fields

By Robert T. Ryder, Scott A. Kinney, Steve Suitt, Matthew D. Merrill, and Michael H. Trippi

Chapter C.2 ofCoal and Petroleum Resources in the Appalachian Basin: Distribution, Geologic Framework, and Geochemical CharacterEdited by Leslie F. Ruppert and Robert T. Ryder

Professional Paper 1708

U.S. Department of the InteriorU.S. Geological Survey

Suggested citation:Ryder, R.T., Kinney, S.A., Suitt, Steve, Merrill, M.D., and Trippi, M.H., 2014, Geographic information system (GIS)-based maps of Appalachian basin oil and gas fields, chap. C.2 of Ruppert, L.F., and Ryder, R.T., eds., Coal and petroleum resources in the Appalachian basin; Distribution, geologic framework, and geochemical character: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1708, 12 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/pp1708C.2.

iii

Contents

Introduction.....................................................................................................................................................1Methods...........................................................................................................................................................2Results and Suggested Applications ..........................................................................................................2References Cited............................................................................................................................................2

General ...................................................................................................................................................2Kentucky .................................................................................................................................................3New York ................................................................................................................................................3Ohio .........................................................................................................................................................3Pennsylvania..........................................................................................................................................3Tennessee ..............................................................................................................................................3Virginia ....................................................................................................................................................3West Virginia .........................................................................................................................................4

Figures 1. Oil and gas fields in the Lower to Middle Cambrian Rome Formation and the

Middle to Upper Cambrian Conasauga Group .........................................................................6 2. Oil and gas fields in the Lower to Middle Ordovician Beekmantown Group,

the Upper Cambrian to Lower Ordovician Knox Group, and the Upper Cambrian Rose Run Sandstone (sandstone) ............................................................................7

3. Oil and gas fields in the Upper Ordovician Trenton Limestone and Black River Limestone .............................................................................................................................8

4. Oil and gas fields in the Lower Silurian “Clinton” sandstone, Medina Group, Tuscarora Sandstone, and Keefer (Big Six) Sandstone and in the Upper Ordovician Queenston Shale and Bald Eagle Formation .......................................................9

5. Oil and gas fields in the Upper Silurian Newburg Sandstone, Lockport Dolomite (Newburg zone), Lockport Dolomite, and Akron Dolomite and in the Silurian-Devonian Corniferous and Middle Devonian Onondaga Limestone ...................10

6. Oil and gas fields in the Lower Devonian Oriskany Sandstone and the Middle Devonian Huntersville Chert .....................................................................................................11

7. Oil and gas fields in Upper Devonian sandstone reservoirs ...............................................12

IntroductionOne of the more recent maps of Appalachian basin oil

and gas fields (and the adjoining Black Warrior basin) is the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) compilation by Mast and oth-ers (1998) (see Trippi and others, this volume, chap. I.1). This map is part of a larger oil and gas field map for the contermi-nous United States that was derived by Mast and others (1998) from the Well History Control System (WHCS) database of Petroleum Information, Inc. (now IHS Energy Group). Rather than constructing the map from the approximately 500,000 proprietary wells in the Appalachian and Black Warrior part of the WHCS database, Mast and others (1998) subdivided the region into a grid of 1-mi2 (square mile) cells and allocated an appropriate type of hydrocarbon production (oil production, gas production, oil and gas production, or explored but no pro-duction) to each cell. Each 1-mi2 cell contains from 0 to 5 or more exploratory and (or) development wells. For example, if the wells in the 1-mi2 cell consisted of three oil wells, one gas well, and one dry well, then the cell would be characterized on the map as an area of oil and gas production. The map by Mast and others (1998) accurately shows the distribution and types of hydrocarbon accumulation in the Appalachian and Black Warrior basins, but it does not show the names of indi-vidual fields. To determine the locality and name of individual oil and gas fields, one must refer to State oil and gas maps (for example, Harper and others, 1982), which are generally published at scales of 1:250,000 or 1:500,000 (see References Cited), and (or) published journal articles.

Other recent USGS Appalachian basin oil and gas field maps show the distribution of oil and gas production with a cell size as small as 0.25 mi2, such as the maps converted by Trippi and others (this volume, chap. I.1) from proprietary well-location maps used in the USGS 2002 assessment of oil and gas resources of the Appalachian basin (Milici and others, 2003). Another set of Appalachian basin oil and gas cell maps (based on a cell size of 0.25 mi2) was created for

Geographic Information System (GIS)-Based Maps of Appalachian Basin Oil and Gas Fields

By Robert T. Ryder,1 Scott A. Kinney,2 Steve Suitt,1 Matthew D. Merrill,1 and Michael H. Trippi1

the USGS 1995 National Assessment of United States Oil and Gas Resources (Gautier and others, 1995; Beeman and others, 1996).

Between 1991 and 1994, R.T. Ryder (with R.E. Mattick, J.B. Roen, and J.R. San Filipo, USGS, Reston, Va.) com-piled oil and gas fields on stable-base mylar greenline base maps (scale 1:500,000) for selected plays in the Appalachian basin. These map compilations included field names and field numbers where assigned by State agencies. The purpose of the maps was to provide supporting data for the USGS 1995 National Assessment of United States Oil and Gas Resources (Gautier and others, 1995). In particular, the greenline oil and gas field maps were linked, where possible, with pro-duction data from State records and (or) published literature in order to determine ultimate sizes for conventional fields and estimated ultimate recovery (EUR) values for wells in continuous accumulations (for definitions of the conventional and continuous terminology, see USGS National Oil and Gas Assessment Team, 1995; Schmoker, 1997; Schenk and Pol-lastro, 2002). This approach was used in the 1995 national oil and gas assessment because ultimate field size and EUR data were unavailable in the Appalachian region from Petroleum Information, Inc., and other commercial sources.

In 2006 and 2007, the greenline Appalachian basin field maps were digitized under the supervision of Scott Kinney and converted to geographic information system (GIS) files for chapter I.1 (this volume). By converting these oil and gas field maps to a digital format and maintaining the field names where noted, they are now available for a variety of oil and gas and possibly carbon-dioxide sequestration projects. Hav-ing historical names assigned to known digitized conventional fields provides a convenient classification scheme into which cumulative production and ultimate field-size databases can be organized. Moreover, as exploratory and development drilling expands across the basin, many previously named fields that were originally treated as conventional fields have evolved into large, commonly unnamed continuous-type accumula-tions. These new digital maps will facilitate a comparison between EUR values from recently drilled, unnamed parts of continuous accumulations and EUR values from named fields discovered early during the exploration cycle of continuous accumulations.

1U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Va.2U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, Colo.

2 Coal and Petroleum Resources in the Appalachian Basin

MethodsThe greenline oil and gas maps were sent to a commercial

vendor for scanning, digitizing, and conversion into ArcView shapefiles. Field outlines and associated names were assigned to specific object identification numbers and organized into attribute tables containing such data fields as field name, State-assigned field number, hydrocarbon type (oil, gas, oil and gas, or storage), and reservoir name. The map projection of the final GIS project was changed from a Lambert confor-mal-conic projection (used for the greenlines) to an Albers equal-area projection to conform with other GIS maps in this volume.

The oil and gas field maps shown in this chapter (figs. 1–7) are about 10 to 15 years old. Only the map of Ordo-vician Trenton and Black River Limestone oil and gas fields (fig. 3) has been recently updated to account for important new discoveries in New York (New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Division of Mineral Resources, 2005) and West Virginia (Avary, 2006). The map of oil and gas fields in Upper Devonian sandstone reservoirs (fig. 7) should also be revised to show the post-1995, southward expan-sion of the gas fields into south-central West Virginia (Pool and others, 2005). However, the map of oil and gas fields in Lower Silurian sandstones (fig. 4) is relatively up to date. For example, the distribution of “Clinton” sandstone3 (as used by Ryder, 2000) oil and gas fields shown in this compilation in Ohio is reasonably consistent (except for field outlines), with the distribution of “Clinton” sandstone fields shown in the more recent map of Riley and others (2004).

Results and Suggested ApplicationsOil and gas field maps produced in this compilation rep-

resent seven major reservoir intervals (figs. 1–7) that include most of the total petroleum systems (TPSs), assessment units (AUs), and accumulation types (conventional vs. continuous) defined by Milici and others (2003) for the 2002 USGS assess-ment of undiscovered oil and gas resources in the Appalachian basin. Figures 1 through 7 show only images of the oil and gas fields, but readers can click on the link in the figure captions to see names of the oil and gas fields and selected attributes. Summary charts of the major TPSs identified by Milici and others (2003) in relation to Appalachian basin stratigraphy are

shown in Ryder and others (this volume, chap. C.1). Not all TPSs and AUs defined by Milici and others (2003) are repre-sented by the oil and gas fields shown in figures 1 through 7; however, several of the missing TPSs and AUs are represented by oil and gas field maps published elsewhere in this volume. Current maps of Devonian shale gas fields are shown in Milici and Swezey (this volume, chap. G.9) and current maps of Car-boniferous coal-bed-gas fields are shown in Trippi and others (this volume, chap. D.1) and Milici (this volume, chap. G.1).

The USGS and (or) other organizations interested in the assessment of energy resources can use the GIS-based, digital oil and gas field maps provided in Trippi and others (this vol-ume, chap. I.1) as a starting point to enhance the organization of existing and future oil and gas production databases for the Appalachian basin.

References Cited

General

Beeman, W.R., Obuch, R.C., and Brewton, J.B., comps., 1996, Digital map data, text, and graphical images in support of the 1995 National Assessment of United States Oil and Gas Resources: U.S. Geological Survey Digital Data Series 35, 1 CD-ROM.

Gautier, D.L., Dolton, G.L., Takahashi, K.I., and Varnes, K.L., eds., 1995, 1995 National assessment of United States oil and gas resources—Results, methodology, and support-ing data: U.S. Geological Survey Digital Data Series 30, 1 CD-ROM.

Janssens, A., 1993, Oil and gas from Rose Run sandstone and Beekmantown dolomite in Ohio, in Riley, R.A., Harper, J.A., Baranoski, M.T., Laughrey, C.D., and Carlton, R.W., Measuring and predicting reservoir heterogeneity in com-plex deposystems: the Late Cambrian Rose Run Sandstone of eastern Ohio and western Pennsylvania: U.S. Depart-ment of Energy, Contract No. DE–AC22–90BC14657, p. 199–208.

Mast, R.F., Root, D.H., Williams, L.P., Beeman, W.R., and Barnett, D.L., 1998, Areas of historical oil and gas produc-tion in the conterminous United States: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Investigations Series Map I–2582, 1 sheet, scale 1:3,750,000.

Milici, R.C., Ryder, R.T., Swezey, C.S., Charpentier, R.R., Cook, T.A., Crovelli, R.A., Klett, T.R., Pollastro, R.M., and Schenk, C.J., 2003, Assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources of the Appalachian Basin province, 2002: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet FS–009–03, 2 p. (Also avail-able online at http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs-009-03/.)

3The “Clinton” sandstone in Ohio was miscorrelated by drillers with strata in the type Clinton Group of New York when in fact it is equivalent to the underlying type Medina Group of New York. Although this miscorrelation has caused confusion in nomenclature, the term continues to be used widely in the literature and by the oil and gas industry. Early drillers correctly identified the informal Medina sandstone in Ohio as a partial equivalent of the type Medina Group of New York.

Chapter C.2 Geographic Information System (GIS)-Based Maps of Appalachian Basin Oil and Gas Fields 3

Roen, J.B., and Walker, B.J., eds., 1996, The atlas of major Appalachian gas plays: West Virginia Geological and Eco-nomic Survey Publication V–25, 201 p.

Ryder, R.T., 2000, Stratigraphic framework and depositional sequences in the Lower Silurian regional oil and gas accu-mulation, Appalachian basin; from Jackson County, Ohio, through northwestern Pennsylvania, to Orleans County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Investigations Series Map I–2726, 2 sheets, pamphlet, 8 p. (Also available online at http://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/i-2726.)

Schenk, C.J., and Pollastro, R.M., 2002, Natural gas pro-duction in the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet FS–113–01, 2 p. (Also available online at http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs-0113-01/.)

Schmoker, J., 1997, Continuous hydrocarbon reservoirs: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet FS–024–97, 3 p.

U.S. Geological Survey National Oil and Gas Resource Assessment Team, 1995, 1995 National Assessment of United States Oil and Gas Resources: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1118, 20 p. (Also available online at http://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1995/circ1118/execsum.html.)

Kentucky

Nuttall, B.C., 1989, Index to oil and gas fields of Kentucky: Kentucky Geological Survey Information Circular 27, Series XI, 267 p.

Wilson, E.N., and Sutton, D.G., 1973, Oil and gas map of Kentucky, sheet 3, east-central part: Kentucky Geological Survey, Series X, 1 sheet, scale 1:250,000.

Wilson, E.N., and Sutton, D.G., 1976, Oil and gas map of Kentucky, sheet 4, eastern part: Kentucky Geological Sur-vey, Series X, 1 sheet, scale 1:250,000.

New York

New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Division of Mineral Resources, 1986, New York State oil and gas fields: Albany, N.Y., New York Department of Envi-ronmental Conservation, Division of Mineral Resources, 1 sheet, scale 1:250,000.

New York Division of Mineral Resources, 2005, Map 3—Trenton-Black River fields, central New York, 2004, in New York State oil, gas, and mineral resources, 2004 (Twenty-first annual report): Albany, N.Y., New York Department of Environmental Conservation, Division of Mineral Resources, p. 14.

Ohio

Debrosse, T.A., and Vohwinkel, J.C., 1974, Oil and gas fields of Ohio: Columbus, Ohio, Ohio Division of Geological Survey in cooperation with Ohio Division of Oil and Gas, 1 sheet, scale 1:62,500.

Ohio Division of Geological Survey, 1991, County spot maps: Columbus, Ohio, Ohio Division of Geological Survey Open-File Maps, 1 sheet each, scale 1:62,500.

Riley, R.A., Baranoski, M.T., and Wickstrom, L.H., with coop-eration from Wells, J.G., and Powers, D.M., 2004, Oil and gas fields map of Ohio: Ohio Division of Geological Survey Map PG–1, 1 sheet, scale 1:500,000.

Pennsylvania

Harper, J.A., Laughrey, C.D., and Lytle, W.S., 1982, Oil and gas fields of Pennsylvania: Harrisburg, Pa., Pennsylvania Bureau of Topographic and Geologic Survey, 2 sheets, scale 1:250,000.

Pennsylvania Bureau of Topographic and Geologic Survey, 1994, Deep well oil and gas exploration: Harrisburg, Pa., Pennsylvania Bureau of Topographic and Geologic Survey, 2 sheets, scale 1:250,000.

Tennessee

Born, K.E., 1943, Oil and gas in middle Tennessee: Tennessee Division of Geology Map 1, 1 sheet, scale 1:950,000.

Clendening, J.A., and McCown, M.W., 1999, Swan Creek field; Potential giant develops in east Tennessee: Oil and Gas Journal, v. 97, no. 16, p. 95–99.

Tennessee Division of Geology, 1993, Oil and gas fields of north-central Tennessee: Nashville, Tenn., Tennessee Divi-sion of Geology map, 1 sheet, scale 1:250,000.

Virginia

Milici, R.C., LeVan, D.C., and Wilkes, G.P., 1980, Part A—Regional structure and hydrocarbon potential (sheet 2), in Geologic structure and hydrocarbon potential along the Saltville and Pulaski thrusts in southwestern Virginia and northeastern Tennessee: Virginia Division of Mineral Resources Publication 23, 6 sheets.

Young, R.S., and Harnsberger, W.T., Jr., 1955, Geology of Bergton gas field, Rockingham County, Virginia: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 39, no. 3, p. 317–328.

4 Coal and Petroleum Resources in the Appalachian Basin

West Virginia

Avary, K.L., 2006, Trenton/Black River production history and analysis, in Patchen, D.G., Hickman, J.B., Harris, D.C., Drahovzal, J.A., Lake, P.D., Smith, L.B., Nyahay, R., Schulze, R., Riley, R.A., Baranoski, M.T., Wickstrom, L.H., Laughrey, C.D., Kostelnik, J., Harper, J.A., Avary, K.L., Bocan, J., Hohn, M.E., and McDowell, R., A geologic play book for Trenton-Black River Appalachian basin explora-tion: Morgantown, W. Va., U.S. Department of Energy, p. 211–227. [Prepared for DOE Award Number DE–FC26–03NT41856.]

Cardwell, D.H., and Avary, K.L., 1982, Oil and gas fields of West Virginia: West Virginia Geological and Economic Survey Mineral Resource Series MRS–7B, 2 sheets, scale 1:250,000.

Pool, S.E., Saucer, J.T., and Avary, K.L., 2005, Upper Devo-nian drilling and production activity in West Virginia, in Recent developments in Upper Devonian sandstone plays, Petroleum Technology Transfer Council and West Virginia University Workshop Proceedings, Washington, Pa., May 26, 2005: Morgantown, W. Va., Appalachian Oil and Natu-ral Gas Research Consortium, 37 p.

Figures 1–7

6 Coal and Petroleum Resources in the Appalachian Basin

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Chapter C.2 Geographic Information System (GIS)-Based Maps of Appalachian Basin Oil and Gas Fields 7

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8 Coal and Petroleum Resources in the Appalachian Basin

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Chapter C.2 Geographic Information System (GIS)-Based Maps of Appalachian Basin Oil and Gas Fields 9

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Low

er S

iluria

n “C

linto

n” s

ands

tone

, Med

ina

Grou

p, T

usca

rora

San

dsto

ne, a

nd K

eefe

r (Bi

g Si

x) S

ands

tone

and

in

the

Uppe

r Ord

ovic

ian

Quee

nsto

n Sh

ale

and

Bald

Eag

le F

orm

atio

n. C

lick

here

to s

ee th

e na

mes

of t

hese

oil

and

gas

field

s an

d se

lect

ed a

ttrib

utes

. To

tal p

etro

leum

sys

tem

as

defin

ed in

Mili

ci a

nd o

ther

s (2

003)

: Utic

a-Lo

wer

Pal

eozo

ic T

otal

Pet

role

um S

yste

m. A

sses

smen

t uni

ts a

s de

fined

in M

ilici

an

d ot

hers

(200

3): C

linto

n-M

edin

a Ba

sin

Cent

er, C

linto

n-M

edin

a Tr

ansi

tiona

l, Cl

into

n-M

edin

a Tr

ansi

tiona

l Nor

thea

st, a

nd T

usca

rora

Bas

in C

ente

r As

sess

men

t Uni

ts. A

ccum

ulat

ion

type

s as

def

ined

in M

ilici

and

oth

ers

(200

3): C

ontin

uous

(Clin

ton/

Med

ina/

Tusc

aror

a an

d Qu

eens

ton)

, and

con

vent

iona

l (K

eefe

r/Bal

d Ea

gle)

.

LAK

E O

NTA

RIO

LAKE

ERI

E

LAKE HURON

ATLA

NTI

C O

CEA

N

LAKE MICHIGAN

90°

85°

80°

75°

70°

35°

40°

010

020

050

MIL

ES

010

020

030

050

KILO

MET

ERS

Oil a

nd g

as

Infil

l gas

Stor

age

Gas

Oil

Type

of f

ield

Bou

ndar

y of

App

alac

hian

Bas

in P

rovi

nce

(Pro

vinc

e 67

of D

olto

n an

d ot

hers

, 199

5)

EXPL

AN

ATIO

N

Gas

field

s

Illin

ois

Ohio

Geor

gia

Alab

ama

Virg

inia

Indi

ana

Mis

siss

ippi

Kent

ucky

Tenn

esse

e

Penn

sylv

ania

Nor

th C

arol

ina

Sout

h Ca

rolin

a

Wes

t Virg

inia

Wis

cons

in

New

Yor

k

Mic

higa

n

Verm

ont

New

Jers

ey

New

Ham

pshi

re

Mas

sach

uset

ts

Conn

ectic

ut

Dela

war

e

Rhod

eIs

land

Mar

ylan

d

Was

hing

ton,

D.C.

Base

from

U.S

. Geo

logi

cal S

urve

y di

gita

l dat

a, 2

001,

1:7

,250

,000

Albe

rs E

qual

-Are

a Co

nic

proj

ectio

nSt

anda

rd p

aral

lels

35°

00'N

and

43°

00'N

Cent

ral m

erid

ian

81°0

0'W

10 Coal and Petroleum Resources in the Appalachian Basin

Figu

re 5

. Oi

l and

gas

fiel

ds in

the

Uppe

r Silu

rian

New

burg

San

dsto

ne, L

ockp

ort D

olom

ite (N

ewbu

rg zo

ne),

Lock

port

Dolo

mite

, and

Akr

on D

olom

ite a

nd

in th

e Si

luria

n-De

voni

an C

orni

fero

us a

nd M

iddl

e De

voni

an O

nond

aga

Lim

esto

ne. C

lick

here

to s

ee th

e na

mes

of t

hese

oil

and

gas

field

s an

d se

lect

ed

attri

bute

s. T

otal

pet

role

um s

yste

ms

as d

efin

ed in

Mili

ci a

nd o

ther

s (2

003)

: Utic

a-Lo

wer

Pal

eozo

ic a

nd D

evon

ian

Shal

e-M

iddl

e an

d Up

per P

aleo

zoic

(par

t) To

tal P

etro

leum

Sys

tem

s. A

sses

smen

t uni

t as

defin

ed in

Mili

ci a

nd o

ther

s (2

003)

: Loc

kpor

t Dol

omite

Ass

essm

ent U

nit.

Accu

mul

atio

n ty

pe a

s de

fined

in

Mili

ci a

nd o

ther

s (2

003)

: Con

vent

iona

l.

LAK

E O

NTA

RIO

LAKE

ERI

E

LAKE HURON

ATLA

NTI

C O

CEA

N

LAKE MICHIGAN

90°

85°

80°

75°

70°

35°

40°

010

020

050

MIL

ES

010

020

030

050

KILO

MET

ERS

Stor

age

Gas

Oil

Type

of f

ield

Bou

ndar

y of

App

alac

hian

Bas

in P

rovi

nce

(Pro

vinc

e 67

of D

olto

n an

d ot

hers

, 199

5)

EXPL

AN

ATIO

N

Illin

ois

Ohio

Geor

gia

Alab

ama

Virg

inia

Indi

ana

Mis

siss

ippi

Kent

ucky

Tenn

esse

e

Penn

sylv

ania

Nor

th C

arol

ina

Sout

h Ca

rolin

a

Wes

t Virg

inia

Wis

cons

in

New

Yor

k

Mic

higa

n

Verm

ont

New

Jers

ey

New

Ham

pshi

re

Mas

sach

uset

ts

Conn

ectic

ut

Dela

war

e

Rhod

eIs

land

Mar

ylan

d

Was

hing

ton,

D.C.

Base

from

U.S

. Geo

logi

cal S

urve

y di

gita

l dat

a, 2

001,

1:7

,250

,000

Albe

rs E

qual

-Are

a Co

nic

proj

ectio

nSt

anda

rd p

aral

lels

35°

00'N

and

43°

00'N

Cent

ral m

erid

ian

81°0

0'W

Chapter C.2 Geographic Information System (GIS)-Based Maps of Appalachian Basin Oil and Gas Fields 11

Figu

re 6

. Oi

l and

gas

fiel

ds in

the

Low

er D

evon

ian

Oris

kany

San

dsto

ne a

nd th

e M

iddl

e De

voni

an H

unte

rsvi

lle C

hert.

Clic

k he

re to

see

the

nam

es

of th

ese

oil a

nd g

as fi

elds

and

sel

ecte

d at

tribu

tes.

Tot

al p

etro

leum

sys

tem

as

defin

ed in

Mili

ci a

nd o

ther

s (2

003)

: Dev

onia

n Sh

ale-

Mid

dle

and

Uppe

r Pa

leoz

oic

Tota

l Pet

role

um S

yste

m. A

sses

smen

t uni

ts a

s de

fined

in M

ilici

and

oth

ers

(200

3): O

riska

ny S

ands

tone

–Stru

ctur

al a

nd O

riska

ny S

ands

tone

–St

ratig

raph

ic A

sses

smen

t Uni

ts. A

ccum

ulat

ion

type

as

defin

ed in

Mili

ci a

nd o

ther

s (2

003)

: Con

vent

iona

l.

LAK

E O

NTA

RIO

LAKE

ERI

E

LAKE HURON

ATLA

NTI

C O

CEA

N

LAKE MICHIGAN

90°

85°

80°

75°

70°

35°

40°

010

020

050

MIL

ES

010

020

030

050

KILO

MET

ERS

Gas

Oil

Type

of f

ield

Bou

ndar

y of

App

alac

hian

Bas

in P

rovi

nce

(Pro

vinc

e 67

of D

olto

n an

d ot

hers

, 199

5)

EXPL

AN

ATIO

N

Illin

ois

Ohio

Geor

gia

Alab

ama

Virg

inia

Indi

ana

Mis

siss

ippi

Kent

ucky

Tenn

esse

e

Penn

sylv

ania

Nor

th C

arol

ina

Sout

h Ca

rolin

a

Wes

t Virg

inia

Wis

cons

in

New

Yor

k

Mic

higa

n

Verm

ont

New

Jers

ey

New

Ham

pshi

re

Mas

sach

uset

ts

Conn

ectic

ut

Dela

war

e

Rhod

eIs

land

Mar

ylan

d

Was

hing

ton,

D.C.

Base

from

U.S

. Geo

logi

cal S

urve

y di

gita

l dat

a, 2

001,

1:7

,250

,000

Albe

rs E

qual

-Are

a Co

nic

proj

ectio

nSt

anda

rd p

aral

lels

35°

00'N

and

43°

00'N

Cent

ral m

erid

ian

81°0

0'W

12 Coal and Petroleum Resources in the Appalachian Basin

Figu

re 7

. Oi

l and

gas

fiel

ds in

Upp

er D

evon

ian

sand

ston

e re

serv

oirs

. Clic

k he

re to

see

the

nam

es o

f the

se o

il an

d ga

s fie

lds

and

sele

cted

attr

ibut

es.

Tota

l pet

role

um s

yste

m a

s de

fined

in M

ilici

and

oth

ers

(200

3): D

evon

ian

Shal

e-M

iddl

e an

d Up

per P

aleo

zoic

Tot

al P

etro

leum

Sys

tem

. Ass

essm

ent u

nit

as d

efin

ed in

Mili

ci a

nd o

ther

s (2

003)

: Cat

skill

San

dsto

nes

and

Silts

tone

s As

sess

men

t Uni

t. Ac

cum

ulat

ion

type

as

defin

ed in

Mili

ci a

nd o

ther

s (2

003)

: Co

ntin

uous

.

LAK

E O

NTA

RIO

LAKE

ERI

E

LAKE HURON

ATLA

NTI

C O

CEA

N

LAKE MICHIGAN

90°

85°

80°

75°

70°

35°

40°

010

020

050

MIL

ES

010

020

030

050

KILO

MET

ERS

Oil a

nd g

as

Stor

age

Gas

Oil

Type

of f

ield

Bou

ndar

y of

App

alac

hian

Bas

in P

rovi

nce

(Pro

vinc

e 67

of D

olto

n an

d ot

hers

, 199

5)

EXPL

AN

ATIO

N

Illin

ois

Ohio

Geor

gia

Alab

ama

Virg

inia

Indi

ana

Mis

siss

ippi

Kent

ucky

Tenn

esse

e

Penn

sylv

ania

Nor

th C

arol

ina

Sout

h Ca

rolin

a

Wes

t Virg

inia

Wis

cons

in

New

Yor

k

Mic

higa

n

Verm

ont

New

Jers

ey

New

Ham

pshi

re

Mas

sach

uset

ts

Conn

ectic

ut

Dela

war

e

Rhod

eIs

land

Mar

ylan

d

Was

hing

ton,

D.C.

Base

from

U.S

. Geo

logi

cal S

urve

y di

gita

l dat

a, 2

001,

1:7

,250

,000

Albe

rs E

qual

-Are

a Co

nic

proj

ectio

nSt

anda

rd p

aral

lels

35°

00'N

and

43°

00'N

Cent

ral m

erid

ian

81°0

0'W