DR.IJAZ ALAM BUKHARIGomal Medical College DIK

The abnormal (Excessive) accumulation

of fluid in a body tissue.

Accumulation may be in Interstitium or

intra cellular

INTRACELLULAR

Intra cellular swelling due to accumulation of

fluid in cell

EXTRACELLULAR

Excess of fluid in extracellular spaces

INTRACELLULAR

Hyponatriemia: low blood Na level

Depression of metabolic system

Chanell Blocking

Lack of Nutrients

EXTRACELLUAR

1. Increased Capillary permeability/ Abnormal

leakage

• Immune reaction

• Toxins

• Infection

• Vitamin deficency

• Burns

2. Increased Capillary pressure

Excessive retention of salts and water by kidnay

High venous pressure and venous constriction

Decreased arteriolar resistance

3. Decreased plasma proteins

Loss of protein in urine

Due to kidney damage and disorders like

nephrotic syndrome

Loss of protein from burns and wounds

4. Blockage of lymph return

Cancer

Bacterial infection (filiara nematodes)

Surgery

Failure of lymph vessels to return fluid and

protein to the blood is called LYMPHEDEMA.

protein conc: Colloid osmotic pressure

More fluid filtered from capillaries causes

edema called lymphedema.

Low compliance of interstitium in the

negative pressure range

Continuous lymph flow , which can rises

upto 10 – 50 folds

Washing out of interstitial fluid protein

Low compliance contributes7mmhg

Increased lymph flow contributes7mmhg

Washed out protein 3mmhgTOTAL 17mmhg

Capillary pressure must rises about this level to cause edmea.

Thanks for your Attention

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