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Fishery and Aquaculture:
Statistical Factsheets of the
ECOWAS Member countries
January 2020
ECOWAS COMMISSION
Department of Agriculture, Environment and Water Resources
Directorate of Agriculture and Rural Development
Factsheet N°1/2020-1 : Fish in ECOWAS 1
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These statistical factsheet are published by the Directorate of Agriculture and Rural Development (DARD) of ECOWAS, as part of the implementation of ECOWAP.
The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of the ECOWAS Directorate of Agriculture and Rural Development and do not necessarily reflect the views
of ECOWAS or its Member States.
Comments on this document may be sent to the Directorate of Agriculture and Rural Development of ECOWAS, by mail or e-mail : [email protected]
Contacts: Directorate of Agriculture and Rural Development - Department of Agriculture, Environment and Natural Resources of the ECOWAS Commission. River
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Copying, downloading or printing the contents of this document for personal use is permitted. It is possible to include excerpts from this report in documents,
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translation rights should be addressed to the Directorate of Agriculture and Rural Development of ECOWAS.
Under the supervision of Mr Alain Sy Traoré, Director Agriculture and Rural Development of the ECOWAS Commission, experts who contributed to the preparation of
the document are:
- Mr Babou Sogue, Agro-Economist Young Professional DARD-ECOWAS
- Mr Amadou Tall, Team leader PESCAO-EU
- Mr Aboubacar Sidibé Senior Policy Officer Fisheries & Aquaculture – FIRST Programme-EU-FAO Partnership
- Ms Emmanuelle Maillot, Technical Assistant DARD-ECOWAS
To cite this document :
Directorate of Agriculture and Rural Development – ECOWAS Commission, “Fishery and Aquaculture: Statistical Factsheets of the ECOWAS Member countries”, August 2020
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1.Preface……………………………………………………………………… 4
2.Introduction………………………………………………………………… 5
3. Abbreviations……………………………………………………………… 6
4. Methodology………………………………………………………………. 7
5. Countries’ Situation……………………………………………………… 9
6. Regional Situation………………………………………………………..40
7. References…………………………………………………………………45
Contents
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In West Africa, fish consumption represented less than 15 kg per capita in 2017 according to FAOSTAT (2020), i.e. below the level of world consumption percapita which is estimated at more than 20 kg/capita/year at the same year. However, it should be noted that since 2008 there has been a decrease inconsumption per capita at the regional level and for most of the member countries.
Fish production in the region increased from 2,636,574 tons to 3,038,646 tons in the period 2013-2018. During the same period, imports, although still high,increasing from 1,759,527 tons to 1,926,089 tons, and consumption per capita decreased further from 12.96 kg to 12.25 kg. Three countries, namely Nigeria,Ghana and Côte d’Ivoire are the main imports markets. In view of reducing imports, aquaculture was strongly identified and promoted as an alternative tocapture. Unfortunately, the pace of production is still too slow to meet the high demand for fish in West Africa. The region’s Member countries challenges inthe sector are therefore immense and varied for the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by the ECOWAS Commission.
The factsheets, developed by Dr. Babou SOGUE (Intern) at the Directorate of Agriculture and Rural Development of ECOWAS, aim at providing data to empowergovernments to strategically target resources and policies that improve contribution of fish products to food security and nutrition in West Africa. Thefactsheets not only promote immediate results related to better decision making but also create a sustainable and robust data culture.
These factsheets are composed of two essential elements:(i) data collection, aggregation, and updating of existing databases and information systems; and(ii) analysis of data, sectors, macroeconomic and univariate trends (production, imports, exports, and regional trade (by country and ECOWAS total) over the
period 2008 to 2025.
Mr. Alain Sy TRAORE
Director of Agriculture and Rural Development of ECOWAS
Preface
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Introduction
The waters of the member countries of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) are rich in fisheries resources. Fish and fisheryproducers play Important roles in the socio-economic development and contribute significantly to the food security of the populations of theregion.
The ECOWAS region is the largest fish Importers in Africa. In 2016, its fish exports were estimated at 301,950 tons while imports amounted to1,690,501 tons thus showing a deficit of fish trade balance. Within the sub region, Nigeria, Senegal and Ghana are main fish producers, with acombined production of 67.55% in 2016. Aquaculture is dominated by Nigeria and Ghana, which accounted for 96% of the 389,302 tons of fishproduced in 2016.
• Given the Importance of fisheries and aquaculture sector in the region and assessing the social and economic impacts on the livelihoods ofvulnerable communities, including women and the youths, the Directorate of Agriculture and Rural Development commissioned the experts'technical staff to develop a set of factsheets on the situation of the sector in individual ECOWAS member states. The purpose of the factsheets is toprovide accurate data along fish value chain in West Africa which will inform the decision-making process. The information gathered will facilitateexperts work in planning National and Regional Investment in Agriculture Programme for Food Security and Nutrition.
• The data presented are extracted from the FAO Fishstat, which is the statistical database of the United Nations for FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture.The factsheets were prepared using the trade balance sheets of Comtrade, the trade database of the United Nations Conference on Trade andDevelopment (UNCTAD). The Box-Jenkins (1979) time series forecasting method, called the Integrated Auto-Regressive Integrated-MovingAverage.(ARIMA) which is a class of statistical models used to analyze and forecast fisheries and aquaculture data was used for the analysis.
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Abbreviations
• AAGR-Average Annual Growth Rate
• ARIMA-Auto-Regressive Integrated-Moving Average
• CSF SFAD-Comprehensive Strategic Framework for Sustainable Fisheries Aquaculture Development
• DARD-Directorate of Agriculture and Rural Development
• ECOWAS- Economic Community of West African States
• EU- European Union
• PESCAO- Programme for Improved Regional Fisheries Governance in Western Africa
• UNCTAD-United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
• ZEE- Exclusive Economic Zone area
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Methodology
Box-Jenkins’Method
Several methods are used for the study of time series data and projections in the West African sub-region. According to their typology, they can be classified into groups of theoreticalmodels and atheoretical models and in a group of linear and non-linear models, partial equilibrium and general equilibrium.
As indicated above, the ARIMA model was used for the analysis of the numerical time series to project trends. ARIMA is one of the categories of models which seeks to determine eachvalue of the series according to the values which precede it (yt = f (yt-1, yt-2,… εt,…,εt-n)) . It is termed an atheoretical model. This category of models was popularized and formalized byBox and Jenkins (1976). However, it is important to emphasize that autoregressive processes assume that each point can be predicted by the weighted sum of a set of previous points,plus a random error term. The integration process assumes that each point has a constant difference from the previous point. Moving average processes assume that each point is afunction of the errors in the preceding points, plus its own error. ARIMA is a powerful tool in the class of statistical models used to analyze and forecast time series in agriculture and ruraldevelopment. It is widely used by several institutions (FAO, USAID, IITA, etc.) in the analysis of projections in similar cases.
Average Annual Growth Rate (AAGR)
The average annual growth rate provides the average rate of change of an economic size based on annual growth rates. The average annual growth rate is the geometric mean of the
annual growth rates.
Let's take a simple example to illustrate our calculations. Fish production in the ECOWAS zone has increased from 2,664,625 tons in 2015 to 3,038,645 tons in 2018. What is its average
annual growth? We know that it has experienced the following variations over the four years as follows: -0.64% (2015), 2.96% (2016), 14.98% (2017) and -3.67% (2018). Thus, its average
annual growth is the geometric average of the rates: -0.64%, 2.96%, 14.98% and -3.67%.
Step 1: Determine the multiplier coefficients. The multiplying coefficient is the coefficient by which the value has been multiplied each year.
Multiplier coefficient = (Rate of change / 100) + 1. In our case, the multiplying coefficients are respectively 0.9936, 1.0296, 1.1498 and 0.9633.
Step 2: Determine the overall growth rate. The overall growth rate measures the change in value over the entire period. It is obtained by taking the product of all the multiplying factors.
Global growth rate = product of the multiplying coefficients = 0.9936x1.0296x1.1498 x0.9633= 1.133
Between 2015 and 2018, the community's fish production increased by a factor of 1,133, i.e. by 13.3% in four years (overall growth rate).
Step 3: Determine the average annual growth rate. The average annual growth rate corresponds to the global growth rate set to power (1/n) all -1; with n = the number of years.
AAGR = (overall growth rate^1/n - 1) x 100= (1.133^1/4) - 1) x 100 = 3.17.
The average annual growth rate for the period was 3.17%; therefore, on average, fish production increased by 3.17% each year between 2015 and 2018. As evidence 1+0.0317=1.0317
and (1.0317)^4=1.133; and 2,664,625x(1.0317)^4=3,038,645.
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Methodology
8
Year
1000 MT 1000 kg
Aquaculture Capture
Total Production Exports Imports
Consumption Population
Consumption per capita
2008 152.11 1996.80 2148.90 177.78 1796.39 3767.51 287375.59 13.11
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2017 369.32 2785.15 3154.47 344.61 1686.76 4496.62 366870.95 12.26
2018 384.36 2654.29 3038.65 347.49 1926.09 4617.24 376786.57 12.25
2019 421.91 2658.22 3080.13 370.79 1777.73 4487.07 386920.61 11.60
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2024 453.46 3035.62 3489.08 462.16 2034.60 5061.53 441596.67 11.46
2025 463.11 3143.38 3606.49 482.63 2109.62 5233.48 450270.19 11.62
Average Annual Growth Rate(%)
2008-18 8.79
2018-25 -0.76
The average annual growth rate.
Historical data
Forecast data
This means, aquaculture production increases on average 8.79% by year between 2008-2018.
This means, consumption per capitadecreases on average 0.76% by year between 2008-2018.
The black linemarks the start ofthe forecast(2019-25). To theleft of the blackline are historicaldata curves and toits right areforecast datacurves.
Angola7% Areas, nes
10%China10%
ECOWAS21%
Mauritania
26%
Morocco8%
Other countries
18%
Figure 3: All Fish Imports
the pie chart gives the shares of the country's imports includingintra-community trade. For example, the 21% represents theshare of fish coming from the ECOWAS region. This share isdistributed among the ECOWAS countries as shown in Figure 4.
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
Figure 5: Production & imports vs. consumption
Production/Consumption Import/Consumption Consumption
The horizontal black line isthe self-sufficiencyestimate.the blue bar graphmeasures the share ofproduction inconsumptionThe orange bar graphsmeasure the country'slevel of importdependency for itsconsumption.
How to read table and figures
Table 1: Overall situation of fish production and consumption
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Figure 2: Trend and projection of key variables (1000MT)
Total Production Import Forecasts
Export Consumption
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I. COUNTRIES’
SITUATION
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Benin is bestowed with several rivers; the most important are Pendjari
(380 km), Couffo (170 km), Ouémé (150 km), Niger and Mono (100 km).
Some of these rivers have important streams which include the Mekrou
(410 km), Alibori (338) and Sota (250 km) and Ouémé with Zou (150
km). These have high potential for fishing and aquaculture farming
activities. The average fish production is 39,834 tons per year, making
Benin the 9th largest fish producing country of the ECOWAS region.
Table 1: Overall situation of fish production and consumption
Country area 114 760km2 FAOSTAT. 2013
Land area 112 760km2 FAOSTAT. 2013
Inland water area 2 000km2 Computed. 2013
Estimated and projected population 10.951millions FAOSTAT. 2018
Exclusive Economic Zone area 35 648km2 VLIZ
GDP (current US$) 10 354millions World Bank. 2018
GDP per capita (current US$) 901.54US$ World Bank. 2018
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added 22.64% of GDP World Bank. 2018
Benin
Year
1000 MT 1000 kg
Aquaculture Capture
Total Production Exports Imports
Consumption Population
Consumption per capita
2008 0.21 37.50 37.71 0.07 79.81 117.45 8696.92 13.51
2009 0.31 38.93 39.24 0.11 74.33 113.46 8944.71 12.68
2010 0.36 39.79 40.16 1.15 77.47 116.48 9199.26 12.66
2011 0.40 38.85 39.25 1.08 80.15 118.32 9460.83 12.51
2012 0.50 40.36 40.86 0.51 78.59 118.95 9729.25 12.23
2013 0.67 42.42 43.08 0.48 84.31 126.92 10004.59 12.69
2014 1.43 47.58 49.01 1.17 148.94 196.78 10286.84 19.13
2015 4.46 36.48 40.94 0.28 146.55 187.21 10575.95 17.70
2016 4.21 49.81 54.01 0.20 173.63 227.45 10872.06 20.92
2017 4.53 48.20 52.73 0.16 104.51 157.08 11175.20 14.06
2018 5.11 54.96 60.07 0.11 151.21 211.17 11485.04 18.39
2019 5.67 52.75 58.41 0.40 159.47 217.48 11817.73 18.40
2020 6.55 50.67 57.23 0.06 162.20 219.36 12166.34 18.03
2021 7.45 55.24 62.69 0.58 176.26 238.37 12538.39 19.01
2022 8.30 48.56 56.85 0.12 188.14 244.87 12936.59 18.93
2023 9.04 55.51 64.55 1.07 197.14 260.62 13358.07 19.51
2024 9.62 56.48 66.10 0.10 204.68 270.68 13800.27 19.61
2025 10.06 57.48 67.53 0.98 209.08 275.63 14257.63 19.33
Average Annual Growth Rate(%)
2008-18 33.50 3.54 4.32 5.24 5.98 5.48 2.56 2.84
2018-25 12.07 2.55 3.60 29.34 10.41 8.36 3.54 4.66
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Benin The data analysis concerning fish value chain in Beninshows that fish production is on the increase (Table 1).The landings augmented at an annual average growthrate of 4.3 % from 37,710 tons to 60,070 tons in theperiod 2008-2018. During this period, capture fluctuatedsignificantly whereas the aquaculture productionrecorded an Average Annual Growth Rate of 33.5%.However, production has not varied in the sameproportions and because it only covers 22% to 34% offish consumption (Figure 5). Consumption per capitahovers around 5.48% per year but dropped from 20.9 kgin 2016 to 18.39 kg in 2018 before picking up again,hopefully maintaining the increasing trend until 2025.Average fish consumption doubled during the periodunder review from 117,400 tons to 211,200 tons.Consequently, fish imports also doubled from 79,810tons to 178,500. Imports from the region originatedmainly from Nigeria (4%), Guinea (13%), Guinea-Bissau(38%), Senegal (40%) and Sierra Leone (3%) (Figure 4).Extra-community imports are still high and aredominated by Mauritania (34%), followed by Morocco(12%), Netherlands (7%), United Kingdom (7 %), Namibia(4%), and other countries(19%) (Figure 3). Exports arenon-significant and only concern extra-regional trade.The above information shows that Benin has a negativefish trade balance. Based on the water resourcesnetwork, a sound aquaculture policy based on theComprehensive Strategic Framework for SustainableFisheries Aquaculture Development (CSF SFAD) can beimplemented which is attractive to the private sectorcan be implemented. Consequently, fish imports couldbe reduced progressively and more opportunities fordecent jobs created for women and youths.
Guinea13%
Guinea-Bissau38%
Nigeria4%
Senegal40%
Sierra Leone
3%
Other countries
2%
Figure 4: Imports From Intra-ECOWAS
Angola8% China
3%ECOWAS
2%
France4%
Mauritania34%
Morocco12%
Namibia4%
Netherlands7%
United Kingdom
7%
Other Countries
19%
Figure 3: All Fish Imports
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Figure 2: Trend and projection of key variables (1000MT)
Total Production Import Forecasts
Export Consumption
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Figure 5: Production & imports vs. consumption
Production/Consumption Import/Consumption
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Factsheet N°1/2020-1 : Fish in ECOWAS 11
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Burkina FasoFigure 1: Map of the water resources
Table 1: Overall situation of fish production and consumption
Despite its dry climate, Burkina Faso has an extensive hydrographic network.
The majority of rivers are located in the south of the country. Most streams
are connected to three major basins: major basins, the Niger, Comoé and
Volta basins. The water bodies are favourable for fishing activities.
Country area 274, 220 km2FAOSTAT. 2019
Land area 273,600km2FAOSTAT. 2019
Inland water area 2 000km2Computed. 2013
Estimated and projected population 19.745 millions Computed. 2019
GDP (current US$) 15,299millions World Bank. 2019
GDP per capita (current US$) 774.84 US$ World Bank. 2019
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added 20.29 % of GDP World Bank. 2019
Year
1000 MT 1000 kg
Aquaculture Capture
Total Production Exports Imports
Consumption Population
Consumption per capita
2008 0.48 11.09 11.57 3.39 26.91 35.10 14689.73 2.39
2009 0.28 11.80 12.08 4.38 42.97 50.66 15141.10 3.35
2010 0.28 14.52 14.80 3.26 50.81 62.35 15605.22 4.00
2011 0.31 15.00 15.31 2.67 60.18 72.81 16081.91 4.53
2012 0.30 20.30 20.60 2.83 60.61 78.38 16571.25 4.73
2013 0.32 20.50 20.82 2.16 62.76 81.42 17072.79 4.77
2014 0.30 20.70 21.00 2.10 65.55 84.45 17586.03 4.80
2015 0.28 20.75 21.03 3.30 75.27 93.00 18110.62 5.14
2016 0.47 22.07 22.54 1.19 81.49 102.84 18646.36 5.52
2017 0.33 22.00 22.33 0.45 101.97 123.85 19193.23 6.45
2018 0.33 22.38 22.71 2.10 107.18 127.78 19744.94 6.47
2019 0.37 22.86 23.23 2.02 111.36 132.57 20301.02 6.53
2020 0.38 23.36 23.74 1.90 120.80 142.64 20859.63 6.84
2021 0.39 23.81 24.21 1.87 129.90 152.24 21420.60 7.11
2022 0.39 24.07 24.47 1.83 141.51 164.15 21983.86 7.47
2023 0.37 24.60 24.97 1.62 152.41 175.76 22547.61 7.79
2024 0.41 25.03 25.44 1.68 162.41 186.16 23110.59 8.06
2025 0.41 25.44 25.86 1.86 173.17 197.16 23671.85 8.33
Average Annual Growth Rate(%)
2008-18 -3.27 6.59 6.32 -4.25 13.39 12.47 2.73 9.48
2018-25 3.32 2.10 2.12 22.52 7.86 6.87 3.04 3.71
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The data analysis concerning fish value chain in Burkina Faso
shows that fish production, consumption, and imports are on
the increase (Table 1). Table 1 shows that the Domestic
production more than doubled from 11,600 to 22,400 tons in
the period 2008-2018. This represents an annual average
growth rate of 6.32% mostly due to capture. Domestic
landings can only cover on average (17%) of the total demand
for fish, the remaining 83% being imported. (Figure 5). With a
9.48% annual progression, per capita fish consumption
increased from 2.8 kg in 2008 to 6.5 kg in 2018. The changes
in eating habits due to rapid urbanization, and other animal
proteins and the price hikes for other animal proteins might
be the reasons for the increase.
During the period 2013-2017, 81% of fish imports originated
from Morocco (33%), the Russian Federation (9%), Chile
(19%), Peru (9%), Mauritania (5 %), and the Netherlands (4%)
(Figure 3). Imports form the ECOWAS countries are mainly
from Côte d'Ivoire (2%), Mali (9%), and Senegal (89%) (Figure
4).
Burkina Faso is bestowed with important inland water
resources. To increase the domestic production, the country
has an option to develop a solid aquaculture development
Programme based on the CSF SFAD which is attractive to the
private sector. It is hoped that if SMEs develop semi-industrial
fish farms, more fish will be available domestically and more
opportunities for decent jobs for youths and women will exist
Côte d'Ivoire
2%
Mali9%
Senegal89%
Figure 4: Imports from intra ECOWAS
Chile19%
China2%
ECOWAS19%
Mauritania5%
Morocco33%
Netherlands4%
Peru9%
Russian Federation
9%
Figure 3: All Fish Imports
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Figure 2: Trend and projection of key variables (1000MT)
Total Production Import Forecasts
Export Consumption
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Figure 5: Production & imports vs. consumption
Production/Consumption Import/Consumption
Consumption
Burkina Faso
Factsheet N°1/2020-1 : Fish in ECOWAS 13
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Table 1: Overall situation of fish production and consumption
Country area 4 030km2 FAOSTAT. 2013
Land area 4 030km2 FAOSTAT. 2013
Inland water area 0km2 Computed. 2013
Estimated and projected population 0.535millions FAOSTAT. 2018
Exclusive Economic Zone area 804 694km2 VLIZ
GDP (current US$) 1 977millions World Bank. 2018
GDP per capita (current US$) 3 635US$ World Bank. 2018
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added 5.26% of GDP World Bank. 2018
The Republic of Cabo Verde is composed of nine islands, Santo Antao,Sao Vicente, Sao Nicolao, Sal, Boa Vista, Maio, Santiago, Fogo and Brava,with an important role played by fisheries in the economy in terms ofemployment, livelihood, food and nutrition. The sector reported around6,283 fulltime marine fishers in 2018. In 2018, per capita fishconsumption was estimated at 11.7 kg accounting for about 12 percentof total animal proteins.
Cabo Verde
Year
1000 MT 1000 kg
Aquaculture Capture
Total Production Exports Imports
Consumption Population
Consumption per capita
2008 0.00 21.12 21.12 10.08 0.34 11.37 480.84 23.65
2009 0.00 19.21 19.21 13.38 0.42 6.26 486.67 12.85
2010 0.00 21.41 21.41 15.91 0.33 5.83 492.65 11.84
2011 0.00 23.08 23.08 18.00 0.44 5.52 498.86 11.07
2012 0.00 20.94 20.94 14.16 0.58 7.36 505.24 14.56
2013 0.00 35.98 35.98 16.72 0.57 19.84 511.75 38.77
2014 0.00 35.68 35.68 28.42 0.51 7.77 518.27 14.99
2015 0.00 37.74 37.74 30.26 0.45 7.94 524.74 15.14
2016 0.00 27.40 27.40 24.10 0.57 3.87 531.15 7.28
2017 0.00 18.70 18.70 13.71 0.69 5.68 537.50 10.56
2018 0.00 26.59 26.59 20.77 0.55 6.37 543.77 11.71
2019 0.00 29.00 29.00 21.16 0.56 8.40 549.42 15.29
2020 0.00 30.16 30.16 22.16 0.56 8.55 555.13 15.41
2021 0.00 29.32 29.32 22.94 0.56 6.94 560.66 12.38
2022 0.00 28.42 28.42 22.16 0.56 6.82 565.98 12.05
2023 0.00 27.08 27.08 21.00 0.58 6.66 571.08 11.66
2024 0.00 27.04 27.04 20.56 0.58 7.06 575.96 12.26
2025 0.00 28.23 28.23 21.54 0.56 7.26 580.61 12.50
Average Annual Growth Rate(%)
2008-18 2.11 2.11 6.79 4.53 -5.14 1.12 -6.19
2018-25 6.06 6.06 6.66 -2.87 3.58 1.11 2.44
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Cabo VerdeThe data analysis concerning fish value
chain in Cabo Verde shows that apart from
gross and per capita consumption, the
other variables have an upward trend. The
tables show a slight increase in production
from 21,100 to 26,600 tons, in the period
2008-2018. This represents an annual
average growth rate of 2.11% due to the
steady growth of capture over the same
period.
Domestic production is sufficient to cover
total demand for fish (figure 4). In addition,
the per capita consumption of fish has
decreased by 5.14% per year since 2008. It
went from 23.7kg in 2008 to 11.7 kg in
2017, which leaves a larger margin of fish
for export. Thus, the period 2008-2018,
Cabo Verde exported on average 70% of its
fish production. However there is no data
on destination provided.
Other countries10%
Portugal21%
Spain63%
Viet Nam6%
Figure 3: All Fish Imports
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20
15
20
16
20
17
20
18
20
19
20
20
202
1
20
22
20
23
20
24
20
25
Figure 4: Production & imports vs. consumption
Production/Consumption Import/Consumption
Consumption
,0.0
5,0.0
10,0.0
15,0.0
20,0.0
25,0.0
30,0.0
35,0.0
40,0.0
45,0.0
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12
20
13
20
14
20
15
20
16
20
17
20
18
20
19
20
20
20
21
20
22
20
23
20
24
20
25
Figure 2: Trend and projection of key variables (1000MT)
Total Production Import Forecasts
Export Consumption
Factsheet N°1/2020-1 : Fish in ECOWAS 15
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Table 1: Overall situation of fish production and consumption
The hydrographical network map of Côte d’Ivoire shows four large basins: Comoé,Bandama, Cavally and Sassandra and a dozen small coastal basins, including Tano,Bia, Mé, Boubo, Agneby, Niouniourou, San-Pédro, Nero, Méné, Tabo, and Niger sub-basins such as Bagoé and Baoulé, which provides the country with an importantpotential for fishing and fish farming. The 7th producer of fish in the ECOWASregion, Côte d'Ivoire produced between 54,900 tons and 72,200 tons of fish with anaverage of 62,900 tons between 2008-2016. Production has been on the increase inthe period under review.
Côte d’Ivoire
Year
1000 MT 1000 kg
Aquaculture Capture
Total Production Exports Imports
Consumption Population
Consumption per capita
2008 1.29 43.80 45.09 46.99 327.52 325.62 19605.57 16.61
2009 1.34 42.89 44.23 51.26 368.20 361.17 20059.15 18.01
2010 1.70 48.04 49.74 31.64 285.29 303.39 20532.95 14.78
2011 3.39 52.47 55.86 23.16 287.75 320.45 21028.66 15.24
2012 3.72 52.57 56.29 36.18 286.76 306.86 21547.19 14.24
2013 3.72 61.33 65.05 37.29 292.91 320.68 22087.50 14.52
2014 3.75 74.80 78.55 27.35 326.41 377.61 22647.68 16.67
2015 4.00 98.55 102.55 37.06 390.32 455.81 23226.14 19.62
2016 4.39 104.23 108.63 30.44 384.07 462.26 23822.71 19.40
2017 4.50 91.25 95.75 32.73 482.16 545.18 24437.47 22.31
2018 4.50 105.53 110.03 33.51 470.23 546.75 25069.23 21.81
2019 4.75 118.52 123.27 33.06 470.23 560.44 25756.54 21.76
2020 4.80 127.87 132.67 32.36 469.91 570.22 26457.33 21.55
2021 4.93 134.85 139.77 33.19 482.70 589.28 27182.77 21.68
2022 5.08 143.09 148.17 32.55 502.12 617.74 27932.37 22.12
2023 5.17 146.97 152.14 32.90 524.21 643.45 28706.61 22.41
2024 5.31 156.66 161.97 32.93 547.32 676.36 29505.90 22.92
2025 5.43 168.04 173.47 32.83 570.39 711.03 30330.79 23.44
Average Annual Growth Rate(%)
2008-18 12.03 8.32 8.45 -3.03 3.34 4.82 2.26 2.51
2018-25 2.72 9.11 8.86 0.04 2.43 3.87 3.13 0.71
Population-Estimations 23.994millions FAOSTAT. 2019
Exclusive Economic Zone area (ZEE) 172 522km2 VLIZ
Estimated and projected population 25.069 millions FAOSTAT. 2020
GDP (current US$) 43 007millions Banque mondiale. 2018
GDP per capita (current US$) 1 716US$ Banque mondiale. 2018
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added 19.77% of GDP Banque mondiale. 2018
Factsheet N°1/2020-1 : Fish in ECOWAS 16
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Côte d’IvoireThe data analysis concerning fish value chain in Côte d’Ivoire
shows that fish production, consumption, imports and
exports are on the increase (Table 1). Annual production
increased steadily from 45,100 tons to 110,300 tons in the
period 2008-2018. This represents an annual average
growth rate of 8.45% due to the steady growth of capture.
The demand for fish is not satisfied by the domestic
production. Therefore, the country imports fish. The total
fish imports were estimated at 325,620 tons to 470,200 tons
between 2008-2018. During the period under review, the
consumption increased from 325,600 tons to 546,750 tons.
Total fish production represents between 14% to 24% of
consumption. Figure 5 shows an improvement in the rate of
self-sufficiency since 2009.
This is partly due to consumption per capita which has been
increasing by 4.82% since 2008. It went from 16.6 kg in 2008
to 21.8 kg in 2018. Côte d’Ivoire, Nigeria and Ghana are the
main importers of fish in the ECOWAS Region. Regional fish
imports have increased to reach 21% of the total volume of
fish imported during the period 2013-2017. Suppliers of
ECOWAS’ member countries are: Guinea-Bissau (7%),
Senegal (84%), and Sierra Leone (8%) (Figure 4). Other
suppliers are: Mauritania (26%), China (10%), Chine (10%),
Morocco (8%), Angola (7%), and the rest of the world (18%).
Despite the important network of water resources, Côte
d’Ivoire is a net fish importing country. The adoption of an
aquaculture policy development based on the CSF SFAD and
attractive to the private sector would increase the
availability of fish and create more decent employment for
the country's people.
Guinea-Bissau
7%
Senegal84%
Sierra Leone
8%
Other C1%
Figure 4: Imports from ECOWAS countries
Angola7% Areas, nes
10%
China10%
ECOWAS21%
Mauritania
26%
Morocco8%
Other countries
18%
Figure 3: All Fish Imports
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12
20
13
20
14
20
15
20
16
20
17
20
18
20
19
20
20
20
21
20
22
20
23
20
24
20
25
Figure 5: Production & imports vs. consumption
Production/Consumption Import/Consumption
Consumption
,0.0
200,0.0
400,0.0
600,0.0
800,0.0
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12
20
13
20
14
20
15
20
16
20
17
20
18
20
19
20
20
20
21
20
22
20
23
20
24
20
25
Figure 2: Trend and projection of key variables (1000MT)
Total Production Import Forecasts
Export Consumption
Factsheet N°1/2020-1 : Fish in ECOWAS 17
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GambiaTable 1: Overall situation of fish production and consumption
The Gambia is crossed by the River Gambia which is 1,150km long, of which500 km are navigable. The river flows into the Atlantic Ocean at the level of thecity of Banjul, capital of The Gambia. It is an important reservoir for fish. TheGambia is the 8th largest fish producer in the ECOWAS region. Gambia fishaverage production was estimated at 49,600 tons in 2018.
Country area 11 300km2 FAOSTAT. 2013
Land area 10 120km2 FAOSTAT. 2013
Inland water area 1 180km2 Computed. 2013
Estimated and projected population 2.188millions FAOSTAT. 2019
Exclusive Economic Zone area 23 184km2 VLIZ
GDP (current US$) 1 633millions World Bank. 2018
GDP per capita (current US$) 716.12US$ World Bank. 2018
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added 19.87% of GDP World Bank. 2018
Year
1000 MT 1000 kg
Aquaculture Capture
Total Production Exports Imports
Consumption Population
Consumption per capita
2008 0.03 42.88 42.91 1.74 2.71 43.88 1689.29 25.97
2009 0.03 45.88 45.91 3.91 3.50 45.50 1740.28 26.14
2010 0.03 46.62 46.65 5.91 5.97 46.71 1793.20 26.05
2011 0.03 41.50 41.53 2.37 3.60 42.77 1848.15 23.14
2012 0.03 36.06 36.10 1.91 2.11 36.29 1905.01 19.05
2013 0.03 43.73 43.76 1.32 1.69 44.12 1963.71 22.47
2014 0.04 51.50 51.54 1.45 0.95 51.04 2024.04 25.21
2015 0.04 55.97 56.00 1.84 1.26 55.43 2085.86 26.57
2016 0.04 58.26 58.30 1.63 1.47 58.14 2149.14 27.05
2017 0.04 60.46 60.50 1.95 1.99 60.54 2213.89 27.35
2018 0.04 49.53 49.56 1.64 1.42 49.34 2280.09 21.64
2019 0.04 56.97 57.00 1.70 1.54 56.84 2344.54 24.24
2020 0.04 59.53 59.56 1.75 1.60 59.42 2410.33 24.65
2021 0.04 63.62 63.66 1.73 1.64 63.56 2476.49 25.67
2022 0.04 65.82 65.85 1.75 1.55 65.65 2543.15 25.81
2023 0.04 68.08 68.11 1.71 1.58 67.98 2610.55 26.04
2024 0.04 68.55 68.59 1.73 1.59 68.45 2678.89 25.55
2025 0.04 69.26 69.30 1.74 1.59 69.15 2748.30 25.16
Average Annual Growth Rate(%)
2008-18 3.11 1.32 1.32 -0.57 -5.72 1.07 2.76 -1.65
2018-25 0.00 1.96 1.96 -1.61 -3.16 1.92 3.14 -1.18
Factsheet N°1/2020-1 : Fish in ECOWAS 18
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The data analysis concerning fish value chain in The
Gambia shows that production, consumption, imports,
and intra-community trade are increasing (Table 1). The
production increased from 42,900 tons to 49,560 tons
in the period 2008-2018. This represents an annual
average growth rate of 1.32% due to the steady growth
of capture. Domestic production is sufficient to cover
fish demand. Total consumption increased from 43,900
tons to 49,340 tons. According to historical data, total
production was abundant to cover consumption
national (Figure 5).
Fish imports are lower and decreasing. They merely
represent 2,700 tons to 1,400 tons. In the last five
years, 25% of these imports came from the ECOWAS
region specifically from Senegal (58%) and Sierra Leone
(42%) (Figure 4). The extra-community imports are low
but dominated by the Netherlands (15 %), followed by
the United Arab Emirates (14%), Spain (10%), Brazil
(4%) (Figure 3). However, consumption per capita has
grown at a sluggish pace of 0.6% since 2008. It went
from 26.0 kg in 2008 to 21.64 kg in 2018.
Gambia is relatively self-sufficient in fish. The water
resources in the country could allow for the
development of a private sector-driven aquaculture
sector based on the CSF SFAD private sector driven. This
could increase opportunities for decent jobs for youths
and women.
Senegal58%
Sierra Leone42%
Figure 4: Imports from ECOWAS countries
Brazil4%
ECOWAS25%
Italy4%
Netherlands
15%Spain10%
United Arab
Emirates14%
Other Country
28%
Figure 3: All Fish Imports
,0.0
10,0.0
20,0.0
30,0.0
40,0.0
50,0.0
60,0.0
70,0.0
80,0.0
Figure 2: Trend and projection of key variables (1000MT)
Total Production Import Forecasts
Export Consumption
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12
20
13
20
14
20
15
20
16
20
17
20
18
20
19
20
20
20
21
20
22
20
23
20
24
20
25
Figure 5: Production & imports vs. consumption
Production/Consumption Import/Consumption
Consumption
Gambia
Factsheet N°1/2020-1 : Fish in ECOWAS 19
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GhanaFigure 1: Map of the water resources
Table 1: Overall situation of fish production and consumption
Country area 238 540km2 FAOSTAT. 2013
Land area 227 540km2 FAOSTAT. 2013
Inland water area 11 000km2 Computed. 2013
Estimated and projected population 29.113millions FAOSTAT. 2018
Exclusive Economic Zone area 228 509km2 VLIZ
GDP (current US$) 65 556millions World Bank. 2018
GDP per capita (current US$) 2 202US$ World Bank. 2018
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added 18.27% of GDP World Bank. 2018
Ghana is the third largest fish producer in the ECOWAS region. This is partlydue to its high hydrographical network. Indeed, it is located along the Gulf ofGuinea and is home to the largest artificial lake, Lake Volta. This one was bornfollowing the creation of the Akosombo electric dam in the sixties. The damitself is located on the Volta River, in the south-west of the country, unites withthe White Volta River, which runs along the border with Burkina Faso to theeast, and White Volta, which runs from the north to the centre.
Year
1000 MT 1000 kg
Aquaculture Capture
Total Production Exports Imports
Consumption Population
Consumption per capita
2008 5.59 351.23 356.83 23.44 279.39 612.77 23563.83 26.002009 7.15 324.59 331.74 19.23 248.53 561.04 24170.94 23.212010 10.20 348.09 358.29 23.93 211.42 545.78 24779.62 22.032011 19.09 344.58 363.67 24.09 320.73 660.31 25387.71 26.012012 27.45 366.04 393.49 27.18 231.45 597.77 25996.45 22.992013 32.51 300.72 333.23 25.87 347.41 654.77 26607.65 24.612014 38.55 290.20 328.74 27.56 271.76 572.94 27224.47 21.052015 44.61 347.62 392.23 33.60 297.21 655.85 27849.21 23.552016 52.48 332.64 385.12 43.08 369.94 711.98 28481.95 25.002017 57.42 381.09 438.51 62.17 359.23 735.57 29121.47 25.262018 76.63 376.77 453.40 58.94 431.59 826.05 29767.10 27.752019 76.79 357.20 433.99 45.75 357.53 745.76 30393.31 24.542020 72.89 362.73 435.62 43.53 429.86 821.95 31038.72 26.482021 76.37 365.74 442.10 48.78 401.97 795.29 31693.84 25.092022 79.01 373.32 452.33 50.87 418.29 819.75 32361.01 25.332023 81.12 381.86 462.98 46.37 438.71 855.32 33040.68 25.892024 82.55 397.01 479.57 43.77 416.58 852.39 33733.10 25.27
2025 83.30 401.38 484.68 41.64 456.63 899.67 34437.30 26.12Average Annual Growth Rate(%)
2008-18 26.86 0.64 2.20 8.74 4.03 2.75 2.15 0.59
2018-25 5.46 0.74 1.44 -5.57 3.49 2.92 2.42 0.48
Factsheet N°1/2020-1 : Fish in ECOWAS 20
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The data analysis concerning fish value chain in Ghanashows that production, consumption, imports,exports, and intra-community trade are increasing(Table 1). As usual production was augmented from357,100 tons to 393,800 tons in the period 2008 -2018., representing an Average Annual Growth Rateof 2.20 %.However, capture fluctuate significantly over theyears, while aquaculture production is a fast growingsector with an Average Annual Growth Rate of 26.86%over the same period. Fish consumption increasedfrom 612,770 tons to 826,050 tons. This represents afish protein need for consumption (self-sufficiencyrate) of 51% to 66% (Figure 5). Consumption percapita has decreased slightly by 0.1% per annum since2008. It has rose from 26.0kg in 2008 to 27.8 kg in2018. During the period under review, thecontribution of domestic production to consumptionrose from 51% to 66%. The gap is filled by thecountry’s fish imports, with an annual increase rate of4.03%.
Fish suppliers from ECWOAS countries reached 42%(Figures 3 and 4). Imports originated mainly fromGuinea-Bissau (5%), Senegal (2%) and Sierra Leone(93%) (Figure 4). Extra-ECOWAS imports aredominated by Mauritania (22%), Belgium (17%),(Angola9%), Japan (2%) (Figure 3).The Ghanaian aquaculture sector is a fast growingindustry. But more efforts are required to producemore farmed fish and reduce imports. The CSF SFADcould be a guide for a more aggressive private-sectoraquaculture in Ghana.
Guinea-Bissau
5%Senegal
2%
Sierra Leone93%
Figure 4: Imports of fish from ECOWAS region
Angola6% Belgium
9%
ECOWAS42%
Japan4%
Mauritania17%
Other Country
22%
Figure 3: All Fish Imports
,0.0
100,0.0
200,0.0300,0.0
400,0.0500,0.0
600,0.0700,0.0
800,0.0900,0.0
1000,0.0
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12
20
13
20
14
20
15
20
16
20
17
20
18
20
19
20
20
20
21
20
22
20
23
20
24
20
25
Figure 2: Trend and projection of key variables (1000MT)
Total Production Import Forecasts
Export Consumption
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
Figure 5: Production & imports vs. consumption
Production/Consumption Import/Consumption Consumption
Ghana
Factsheet N°1/2020-1 : Fish in ECOWAS 21
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Table 1: Overall situation of fish production and consumption
Population-Estimations 12.468millions FAOSTAT. 2019
Exclusive Economic Zone area(ZEE) 102 587km2 VLIZ
GDP (current US$) 10 907millions Banque mondiale. 2018
GDP per capita (current US$) 878.6US$ Banque mondiale. 2018
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added 24.26% of GDP Banque mondiale. 2020
Guinea is recognized as the water tower of West Africa: the rivers Niger,Senegal, Gambia, Koliba, Kolonté, Gavally, Diani, Makona are all born.These are born in heart or on the slopes of Fouta Djallon, then headtowards the Atlantic Ocean where they move or turn away, through thelarge estuaries (Rios or Rias). These water resources allow Guinea toproduce as usual 94,700-287,700 tons from 2008 to 2018, with anannual average of 112,493 tons.
Guinea
Year
1000 MT 1000 kg
Aquaculture Capture
Total Production Exports Imports
Consumption Population
Consumption per capita
2008 0.17 94.51 94.68 7.96 0.74 87.46 9738.79 8.98
2009 0.18 127.75 127.92 6.45 1.40 122.88 9964.47 12.33
2010 0.19 113.50 113.69 7.47 1.47 107.69 10192.18 10.57
2011 0.19 184.96 185.15 7.63 1.49 179.01 10420.47 17.18
2012 0.29 198.28 198.57 9.02 1.85 191.40 10652.03 17.97
2013 0.32 230.05 230.37 9.53 1.85 222.69 10892.82 20.44
2014 0.35 207.35 207.70 10.61 3.40 200.49 11150.98 17.98
2015 0.41 193.14 193.55 11.27 2.33 184.62 11432.09 16.15
2016 0.48 172.89 173.37 11.32 2.42 164.47 11738.43 14.01
2017 0.57 333.20 333.77 7.65 4.15 330.27 12067.52 27.37
2018 0.69 286.68 287.36 12.24 3.15 278.28 12414.29 22.42
2019 0.67 303.09 303.76 12.71 3.19 294.25 12748.03 23.08
2020 0.74 318.80 319.54 12.41 3.19 310.32 13089.50 23.71
2021 0.81 336.69 337.50 12.12 3.26 328.63 13429.63 24.47
2022 0.87 347.29 348.17 12.20 3.36 339.33 13767.80 24.65
2023 0.94 366.48 367.42 11.57 3.43 359.27 14103.84 25.47
2024 1.01 386.93 387.94 11.91 3.50 379.53 14438.07 26.29
2025 1.07 413.15 414.22 12.17 3.30 405.35 11655.61 34.78
Average Annual Growth Rate(%)
2008-18 13.53 10.61 10.62 3.98 14.12 11.10 2.23 8.67
2018-25 9.37 3.12 3.13 6.85 -3.22 2.97 -0.49 3.48
Factsheet N°1/2020-1 : Fish in ECOWAS 22
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Guinea The data analysis concerning fish value chain inGuinea shows that production, consumption,imports, exports, intra-community trade areincreasing (Table 1). As usual production wasaugmented from 94,700 tons to 287,400 tons inthe period 2008-2018, representing a 10.62%Average Annual Growth Rate. Wild catches are onincrease, while aquaculture production is belowexpectations.
For the period 2008-2018, the coverage rate forfish consumption was estimated at more than102% (Figure 5). Consumption per capita is abovethe regional average, it increased 9.0 kg in 2008 to22.4kg in 2018 and there was a surplus exportableto some of the sub-region and the rest of theworld.
This said, the country imports a small proportionof certain species of fish, mainly from Spain (7%),Mauritania (7%), Morocco (4%), Lebanon (7%),and the ECOWAS Region (67%) (Figure 3), part ofwhich is re-exported to Senegal, Côte d’Ivoire,Mali, Ghana and Sierra Leone. However, thepotential supply is also reduced because of theexports of local production to the countries of thesub-region but also to Spain (30%), China (20%),the Republic of Korea (53%), the DemocraticPeople’s Republic of Korea (17%) and the USA (5%)(figure 4).Guinea is bestowed with very diverse waterresources. Aquaculture could be a goodalternative for a sound development of this sector.The CSF SFAD is pushing for a private sector-oriented aquaculture development.
ECOWAS67%
Lebanon7%
Mauritania7%
Morocco4%
Spain7%
Other C8%
Figure 3: All Fish Imports
Senegal85%
Sierra Leone15%
Figure 4: Imports From ECOWAS Region
,0.0
50,0.0
100,0.0
150,0.0
200,0.0
250,0.0
300,0.0
350,0.0
400,0.0
450,0.0
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12
20
13
20
14
20
15
20
16
20
17
20
18
20
19
20
20
20
21
20
22
20
23
20
24
20
25
Figure 2: Trend and projection of key variables (1000MT)
Total Production Import Forecasts
Export Consumption
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
Figure 5: Production & imports vs. consumption
Production/Consumption Import/Consumption Consumption
Factsheet N°1/2020-1 : Fish in ECOWAS 23
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Guinea-Bissau Table 1: Overall situation of fish production and consumption
Guinea-Bissau is borders the Atlantic Ocean and Its rivers are the Geba, Corubal,Cacheu, Mansôa, Cumbidja, Buba Grand River and Cacine. These are small butnumerous, and cross, the country, providing for fishing and fish farming needs. Theaverage fish production is estimated at 6,758 tons, making Guinea Bissau the fifteenthlargest fish producer in the ECOWAS region.
Country area 36 130km2 FAOSTAT. 2013
Land area 28 120km2 FAOSTAT. 2013
Inland water area 8 010km2 Computed. 2013
Estimated and projected population 1.826millions FAOSTAT. 2019
Exclusive Economic Zone area 107 301km2 VLIZ
GDP (current US$) 1 458millions World Bank. 2018
GDP per capita (current US$) 777.97US$ World Bank. 2018
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added 47.46% of GDP World Bank. 2018
Year
1000 MT 1000 kg
Aquaculture Capture
Total Production Exports Imports
Consumption Population
Consumption per capita
2008 0.00 6.80 6.80 3.38 0.91 4.34 1446.94 3.002009 0.00 6.72 6.72 3.77 0.77 3.72 1483.92 2.512010 0.00 6.58 6.58 5.67 0.31 1.22 1522.60 0.802011 0.00 6.55 6.55 4.40 0.44 2.59 1562.99 1.662012 0.00 6.83 6.83 3.72 0.42 3.53 1604.98 2.202013 0.00 6.71 6.71 4.58 0.56 2.69 1648.26 1.632014 0.00 6.70 6.70 5.28 0.44 1.86 1692.44 1.102015 0.00 6.70 6.70 5.50 0.58 1.78 1737.20 1.032016 0.01 6.70 6.71 4.51 0.70 2.90 1782.44 1.632017 0.04 6.70 6.74 6.36 1.02 1.39 1828.15 0.762018 0.04 6.70 6.74 5.21 0.71 2.25 1874.30 1.202019 0.06 6.70 6.76 5.37 0.78 2.17 1950.88 1.112020 0.07 6.70 6.77 4.92 0.76 2.61 1995.79 1.312021 0.08 6.70 6.78 4.72 0.65 2.71 2041.32 1.332022 0.09 6.70 6.79 4.93 0.50 2.36 2087.69 1.132023 0.11 6.70 6.81 5.26 0.59 2.14 2134.97 1.002024 0.12 6.70 6.82 5.10 0.59 2.31 2183.00 1.062025 0.14 6.70 6.84 4.84 0.62 2.62 2231.54 1.17
Average Annual Growth Rate(%)2008-18 -0.14 -0.09 4.02 -2.20 -5.81 2.38 -8.00
2018-25 21.31 0.00 0.21 -3.82 -6.76 9.42 2.89 6.35
24
#ECOWAP2025
China88%
France2%
Viet Nam10%
Figure 4 : Exports of fish (%) to
China67%
France6%
India6%
Spain21%
Figure 3 : Imports of fish from (%)
The data analysis concerning fish value chain in Guinea-
Bissau shows that production, consumption, are
decreasing (Table 1). The table shows almost constant fish
production in Guinea-Bissau, i.e. 6,800 tons in 2008 and
2018 with insignificant inter-annual fluctuations. But this is
sufficient to meet the demand for fish (Figure 5) which is
estimated at 4,300 tons in 2008 and 2,200 tons in 2018. In
addition to the fact that this consumption is decreasing by
5.81% per year, it is one of the lowest per capita in the
sub-region. In fact, per capita consumption decreased from
3.0 kg/year in 2008 to 1.2 kg/year in 2018. As a result, fish
imports both regional and non-community had grown from
913 tons to 715 tons with more from the region. The
imports originated mainly from Spain (21%), China (67%),
India (6%), and France (6%) (Figure 3). Country exports
were lower and essentially to China (88%), France (2%),
and Vietnam (10%) (Figure 4). None the less, exports are
significant and concern extra-regional. The above
information show a trade surplus. Trade
Aquaculture could be developed in line with the CSF SFAD,
which is attractive to the private sector. This will enable
the country, rich in water resources, to develop cage and
pond fish culture and increase opportunities for decent
jobs.
,0.0
1,0.0
2,0.0
3,0.0
4,0.0
5,0.0
6,0.0
7,0.0
8,0.0
Figure 2: Trend and projection of key variables (1000MT)
Total Production Import Forecasts
Export Consumption
0%
100%
200%
300%
400%
500%
600%
Figure 5: Production & imports vs. consumption
Production/Consumption Import/Consumption Consumption
Guinea-Bissau
25
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Liberia Table 1: Overall situation of fish production and consumption
Liberia is located on the shores of the Atlantic Ocean, which is in fact the centre ofmaritime activity in this country. There are also some rivers and lakes such as the St. PaulRiver, Liberia's widest river, but they are less economically important than the ocean in thecountry. Liberia, the fourteenth largest fish producer in ECOWAS, produces an average of13,010 tons of fish per year, ranging from 7,900 to 14,700 tons.
Country area 111 370km2 FAOSTAT. 2013
Land area 96 320km2 FAOSTAT. 2013
Inland water area 15 050km2 Computed. 2013
Estimated and projected population 5.04millions FAOSTAT. 2019
Exclusive Economic Zone area 252 894km2 VLIZ
GDP (current US$) 3 264millions World Bank. 2018
GDP per capita (current US$) 677.32US$ World Bank. 2018
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added 37.28% of GDP World Bank. 2018
Year
1000 MT 1000 kg
Aquaculture Capture
Total Production Exports Imports
Consumption Population
Consumption per capita
2008 0.06 7.89 7.95 0.07 4.04 11.93 3607.86 3.31
2009 0.07 10.70 10.77 0.09 3.32 14.00 3754.13 3.73
2010 0.08 11.70 11.78 0.10 6.08 17.76 3891.36 4.56
2011 0.09 13.57 13.66 0.09 6.86 20.43 4017.44 5.09
2012 0.10 14.16 14.26 0.10 7.08 21.24 4135.66 5.14
2013 0.13 15.20 15.33 0.10 11.49 26.72 4248.33 6.29
2014 0.17 14.52 14.69 0.10 14.37 28.95 4359.51 6.64
2015 0.18 14.08 14.26 0.10 12.56 26.72 4472.23 5.97
2016 0.20 13.72 13.92 0.13 10.81 24.60 4586.79 5.36
2017 0.22 11.97 12.19 0.14 6.37 18.43 4702.23 3.92
2018 0.24 14.12 14.36 0.11 9.55 23.80 4818.97 4.94
2019 0.04 14.17 14.21 0.11 11.64 25.74 4907.87 5.24
2020 0.04 14.33 14.37 0.11 13.91 28.17 5002.92 5.63
2021 0.04 14.61 14.65 0.11 14.41 28.95 5106.64 5.67
2022 0.04 14.62 14.66 0.12 13.43 27.97 5219.65 5.36
2023 0.04 14.57 14.61 0.12 10.93 25.43 5337.34 4.76
2024 0.05 14.53 14.57 0.12 13.74 28.19 5456.62 5.17
2025 0.05 14.52 14.56 0.11 15.12 29.57 5576.47 5.30
Average Annual Growth Rate(%)
2008-18 13.43 5.43 5.52 4.71 8.12 6.48 2.67 3.71
2018-25 -20.10 2.79 2.57 -2.53 13.15 6.99 2.47 4.42
26
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The data analysis concerning fish value chain in Liberia shows that
fish production, consumption, imports, and intra-community trade
are increasing (Table 1). Volumes of production doubled, from 7,950
tons in 2008 to 14,360 tons in 2018, representing an annual average
growth rate of 5.52%.
Within the period under review, consumption per capita increased
by 3.71%. It went from 3.31 kg in 2008 to 4.94 kg in 2018, the
domestic production representing between 51% and 77% self-
sufficiency in fish consumption (Figure 5). The rest of consumption is
supplied by imports. However, the absence of data does not allow to
establish the flows.
Aquaculture could be developed in line with the CSF SFAD is
attractive to the private sector. This will enable the country, rich in
water resources to develop cage and pond fish culture and increase
opportunities for decent jobs.
,0.0
5,0.0
10,0.0
15,0.0
20,0.0
25,0.0
30,0.0
35,0.0
Figure 2: Trend and projection of key variables (1000MT)
Total Production Import Forecasts Export Consumption
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
Figure 3: Production & imports vs. consumption
Production/Consumption Import/Consumption Consumption
Liberia
Factsheet N°1/2020-1 : Fish in ECOWAS 27
#ECOWAP2025
Mali Table 1: Overall situation of fish production and consumption
Mali is watered by the Niger and Senegal Rivers and their tributaries. The Niger Riveris 4,700 km long, including 1,700 km in Mali, of which its two main tributaries arethe Sankarani and the Bani. It offers a multitude of landscapes, including theSelingué water body favourable to canoe excursions and navigable over 1,300 km.The Senegal River, which is the result of the meeting in Bafoulabé of the Bafing andBakoy, is 1,700 km long, 700 km of which are in Mali. Mali is the sixth largest fishproducer in ECOWAS with a production ranging from 72,200 tons to 110,200 tonswith an average of 98,900 tons of fish per year in the period 2008 to 2018.
Country area 1,240,190 km² FAOSTAT. 2019
Land area 1,220,190 km2 FAOSTAT. 2019
Population-Estimations 19.972millions FAOSTAT. 2019
GDP (current US$) 17 163millions Banque mondiale. 2018
GDP per capita (current US$) 899.66US$ Banque mondiale. 2018
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added 38.7% of GDP Banque mondiale. 2018
Year
1000 MT 1000 kg
Aquaculture Capture
Total Production Exports Imports
Consumption Population
Consumption per capita
2008 0.82 100.00 100.82 0.50 15.38 115.70 14113.58 8.202009 1.36 100.00 101.36 0.30 16.25 117.30 14581.43 8.04
2010 2.08 100.00 102.08 0.28 23.20 125.00 15049.35 8.312011 2.08 108.13 110.22 0.88 21.90 131.24 15514.59 8.46
2012 0.99 71.23 72.22 0.17 20.56 92.60 15979.50 5.792013 2.21 99.35 101.56 0.26 22.14 123.44 16449.85 7.502014 1.95 80.00 81.95 0.70 34.69 115.94 16934.21 6.85
2015 2.40 92.48 94.88 0.91 44.21 138.19 17438.78 7.922016 4.19 102.49 106.68 1.66 50.92 155.94 17965.44 8.68
2017 3.91 106.22 110.14 1.20 59.14 168.08 18512.43 9.082018 3.93 90.39 94.31 0.82 72.30 165.80 19077.75 8.692019 4.19 92.79 96.99 0.70 73.18 169.46 19669.70 8.62
2020 4.56 93.48 98.04 0.79 73.21 170.46 20274.98 8.41
2021 5.07 94.22 99.29 0.81 77.90 176.38 20896.87 8.442022 5.63 95.58 101.21 0.82 79.76 180.15 21536.14 8.362023 5.92 99.67 105.59 0.86 76.96 181.69 22192.57 8.192024 6.34 97.21 103.55 0.89 78.20 180.86 22865.98 7.91
2025 6.62 95.84 102.46 0.92 78.31 179.85 23556.54 7.63
Average Annual Growth Rate(%)2008-18 15.29 -0.91 -0.60 4.62 15.11 3.32 2.78 0.53
2018-25 7.79 -1.46 -1.03 -3.76 4.09 0.97 3.50 -2.44
Factsheet N°1/2020-1 : Fish in ECOWAS 28
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Côte d'Ivoire1%
Senegal99%
Figure 4: fish imports (%) from ECOWAS Region
China14%
ECOWAS47%
Mauritania23%
Morocco14%
Other countries
2%
Figure 3: All Fish Imports
,0.0
20,0.0
40,0.0
60,0.0
80,0.0
100,0.0
120,0.0
140,0.0
160,0.0
180,0.0
200,0.0
Figure 2: Trend and projection of key variables (1000MT)
Total Production Import Forecasts
Export Consumption
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
Figure 5: Production & imports vs. consumption
Production/Consumption Import/Consumption Consumption
The data analysis concerning fish value chain inMali has shown the trend of fish sectors,including production, consumption, imports,which have all increased (Table 1). The tableabove shows a production increase from 100,800tons to 94,300 tons in the period 2008 to 2018.This represents an annual average growth rate of-0.06% due to the drop of capture because ofarmed conflicts since 2012 and an increase ofaquaculture production over the same period.Domestic production is not sufficient to cover fishprotein demand (figure 5).
During the period under review, the total averageconsumption varied from 115,700 tons to165,800 tons, showing that the country is notself-sufficient in fish. Consumption per capitaincreased by 3.32%. It went from 8.2 kg in 2008to 8.7 kg in 2018. As a result, fish imports bothregional and non-community had grown from15,400 tons, to 72,300 tons with 47% from theregion, (figure3). Imports originated mainly fromCôte d'Ivoire (1%), and Senegal (99%) (Figure 4).
Imports outside ECOWAS are dominated byMauritania (23%), Morocco (14%), and China(14%).Aquaculture could be developed in line with theCSF SFAD which is attractive to the private sector.This will enable the country, which is rich in waterresources, to develop cage and pond fish cultureand increase opportunities for decent jobs.
Mali
Factsheet N°1/2020-1 : Fish in ECOWAS 29
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NigerTable 1: Overall situation of fish production and consumption
Niger’s river system includes the Niger River, as well as the Komadougou YobeRiver and Lake Chad. Despite this low water potential, Niger is the 10th largestfish producer in ECOWAS. Its production varies from 25,500 tons to 53,300 tonswith an average production of 39,100 tons of fish per year.
Country area 1,267,000km2 FAOSTAT. 2018
Land area 1,267,000km2 FAOSTAT. 2018
Fisheries GDP (2015) 1.6% GDP FAO/UN
Population-Estimates 20.576 millions FAOSTAT. 2018
GDP (current US$) 9 291millions Banque mondiale. 2018
GDP per capita (current US$) 413.98US$ Banque mondiale. 2018
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added 39.2% of GDP Banque mondiale. 2018
Year
1000 MT 1000 kg
Aquaculture Capture
Total Production Exports Imports
Consumption Population
Consumption per capita
2008 0.04 29.96 30.00 0.45 2.66 32.22 15250.91 2.11
2009 0.07 29.88 29.95 0.41 3.41 32.96 15843.13 2.08
2010 0.07 40.00 40.07 0.56 3.66 43.17 16464.03 2.62
2011 0.09 53.17 53.26 0.82 2.86 55.30 17114.77 3.23
2012 0.10 46.50 46.60 0.83 3.89 49.66 17795.21 2.79
2013 0.20 45.00 45.20 1.23 4.81 48.79 18504.28 2.64
2014 0.33 47.00 47.33 1.37 5.81 51.78 19240.18 2.69
2015 0.30 27.00 27.30 0.66 7.46 34.10 20001.66 1.71
2016 0.30 34.59 34.89 0.43 7.40 41.86 20788.80 2.01
2017 0.35 25.20 25.55 0.30 8.26 33.50 21602.38 1.55
2018 0.35 31.04 31.39 0.31 7.63 38.72 22442.82 1.73
2019 0.37 34.76 35.13 0.10 7.92 42.94 23311.51 1.84
2020 0.44 35.25 35.69 0.04 8.07 43.72 24210.52 1.81
2021 0.48 36.86 37.35 0.02 7.81 45.13 25142.67 1.80
2022 0.52 33.39 33.91 0.01 8.42 42.32 26109.77 1.62
2023 0.55 37.86 38.41 0.00 8.63 47.04 27113.52 1.73
2024 0.56 37.46 38.02 0.00 8.99 47.01 28155.69 1.67
2025 0.59 35.66 36.24 0.00 9.52 45.76 29238.21 1.57
Average Annual Growth Rate(%)
2008-18 21.80 0.32 0.41 -3.31 10.04 1.69 3.57 -1.82
2018-25 7.67 5.09 5.12 -63.07 2.05 4.56 4.42 0.13
30
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The data analysis concerning fish value chain inNiger has shown the trend of fish and aquaculturesector as being on the increase, including,consumption, imports, exports, intra-communitytrade (Table 1). The table shows a productionevolution from 30,000 tons to 31,400 tons in theperiod 2008 to 2018. This represents an annualaverage growth rate of 0.41%. However, capturehave fluctuated significantly over the years, whileaquaculture, production has become a fast growingsector with an Average Annual Growth Rate of21.80% over the same period.Domestic production is not sufficient to cover fishdemand. During the period under review, the totalaverage consumption varied from 32,215 tons, to38,700 tons showing a self-sufficiency ratevariation between 76% and 96% (Figure 5).Consumption per capita is low and has decreasedby 2.1%. It went from 2.1 kg in 2008 to 1.7 kg in2018.Nonetheless, fish imports both regional and non-community had grown from 2,700 tons to 7,600tons with less from the region. The intra-ECOWASexports are low, dominated by Mali (11%), andNigeria (88%) (Figure 4). The information aboveshow a trade deficit.Aquaculture could be developed in line with theCSF SFAD which is attractive to the private sector.This will enable the country, while less rich in waterresources than some countries, to develop cageand pond fish culture and increase opportunitiesfor decent jobs.
Nigeria14%
Senegal85%
Togo1%
Figure 4: Imports of fish (%) from
Chile43%
China17%
ECOWAS16%
France16%
Other C8%
Figure 3: All Fish Imports
,0.0
10,0.0
20,0.0
30,0.0
40,0.0
50,0.0
60,0.0
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12
20
13
20
14
20
15
20
16
20
17
20
18
20
19
20
20
20
21
20
22
20
23
20
24
20
25
Figure 2: Trend and projection of key variables (1000MT)
Total Production Import Forecasts
Export Consumption
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
Figure 5: Production & imports vs. consumption
Production/Consumption Import/Consumption Consumption
Niger
Factsheet N°1/2020-1 : Fish in ECOWAS 31
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NigeriaTable 1 : Overall situation of fish production and consumption
Nigeria has few rivers and lakes. The two main rivers in the region arethe Niger River, and the Benue River. The two rivers meet in the middleof the country, forming a Y. The River Niger does not originate inNigeria but is very important for the country. Nigeria is the largest fishproducer in the ECOWAS region.
Country area 923 770km2 FAOSTAT. 2013
Land area 910 770km2 FAOSTAT. 2013
Inland water area 13 000km2 Computed. 2013
Estimated and projected population 193.976millions FAOSTAT. 2018
Exclusive Economic Zone area 179 839km2 VLIZ
GDP (current US$) 397 270millions World Bank. 2018
GDP per capita (current US$) 2 028US$ World Bank. 2018
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added 21.2% of GDP World Bank. 2018
Year
1000 MT 1000 kg
Aquaculture Capture
Total Production Exports Imports
Consumption Population
Consumption per capita
2008 143.21 601.37 744.58 0.69 1042.40 1786.29 150269.62 11.892009 152.80 598.21 751.01 0.20 1108.63 1859.43 154324.93 12.052010 200.54 616.98 817.52 0.30 1330.69 2147.91 158503.20 13.552011 221.13 635.49 856.61 22.42 1589.40 2423.60 162805.08 14.892012 253.90 668.75 922.65 9.27 1083.21 1996.59 167228.79 11.942013 278.71 721.36 1000.06 63.57 868.04 1804.53 171765.82 10.512014 313.23 759.83 1073.06 0.04 991.02 2064.04 176404.93 11.702015 316.73 710.33 1027.06 3.05 866.98 1890.98 181137.45 10.442016 306.77 734.73 1041.50 0.00 593.71 1635.21 185960.24 8.792017 296.19 916.28 1212.47 0.00 466.93 1679.40 190873.24 8.802018 291.32 878.16 1169.48 0.00 582.39 1751.87 195874.68 8.942019 327.10 872.31 1199.41 0.01 484.28 1683.68 201042.52 8.372020 325.55 886.23 1211.78 0.07 506.14 1717.84 206310.94 8.332021 341.53 922.86 1264.39 0.28 478.72 1742.84 211705.77 8.232022 341.74 945.73 1287.47 0.57 484.32 1771.21 217235.37 8.152023 342.74 980.45 1323.19 0.63 472.19 1794.75 222902.50 8.052024 344.90 1011.08 1355.98 0.44 475.56 1831.10 228713.57 8.012025 352.86 1046.98 1399.84 0.26 472.53 1872.11 234671.68 7.98
Average Annual Growth Rate(%)2008-18 6.67 3.50 4.19 #DIV/0! -5.15 -0.18 2.44 -2.55
2018-25 2.53 1.92 2.07 #DIV/0! 0.17 1.56 3.00 -1.39
32
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The data analysis concerning fish value chain in Nigeriashows the trends within of fish and aquaculture sector.Production and consumption are increasing, while bothexports and imports are on the decrease (Table 1). Tableshow a production evolution from 744,580 tons to1,169,480 tons in the period 2008-2018. This represents anannual average growth rate of 4.19%. However, capture havegrown significantly over the years, but less than aquacultureproduction which is a fast growing sector with an AverageAnnual Growth Rate of 6.67% over the same period.Domestic production is not sufficient to cover fish demand.
During the period under review, the total averageconsumption varied from 1,786,290 tons to 1,751,870 tons,far exceeding domestic supply (Figure 5). Also imports felldrastically in 2013 and 2015 while production did notexperience significant growth in order to maintain the samelevel of consumption. Consequently, consumption per capitadecreased by 2.55%. It went from 11.89 kg in 2008 to 10.4kg in 2015 and from there to 8.94 kg in 2018.
However, the drop in Imports made it possible to improvethe rate of self-sufficiency in fish, which varied from 31% to71% of demand the period 2008-2018. Imports originatedmainly from Senegal (86%), and Benin (12%) (Figure 3).Extra-ECOWAS were dominated by the Netherlands (24%),Faroe Islands (11%), Chile (11%), Japan (8%),Mauritania(6%),…. Information above shows a trade deficit.
Aquaculture could be developed in line with the CSF SFADwhich is attractive to the private sector. This will enable thecountry, rich in water resources to develop cage and pondfish culture and increase opportunities for decent jobs.
Benin12% Niger
1%
Senegal86%
Sierra Leone
1%
Figure 4: fish imports (%) from
Belgium3%
Chile11% China
4%
Faeroe Isds11%
Ireland10%
Japan8%Mauritania
6%
Netherlands24%
Norway5%
Russian Federation
5%
Other countries
13%
Figure 3: All Fish Imports
,0.0
500,0.0
1000,0.0
1500,0.0
2000,0.0
2500,0.0
3000,0.0
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12
20
13
20
14
20
15
20
16
20
17
20
18
20
19
20
20
20
21
20
22
20
23
20
24
20
25
Figure 2: Trend and projection of key variables (1000MT)
Total Production Import Forecasts
Export Consumption
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%2
00
8
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12
20
13
20
14
20
15
20
16
20
17
20
18
20
19
20
20
20
21
20
22
20
23
20
24
20
25
Figure 5: Production & imports vs. consumption
Production/Consumption Import/Consumption
Consumption
Nigeria
Factsheet N°1/2020-1 : Fish in ECOWAS 33
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SenegalTable 1: Overall situation of fish production and consumption
Country area 196 710km2 FAOSTAT. 2013
Land area 192 530km2 FAOSTAT. 2013
Inland water area 4 180km2 Computed. 2013
Estimated and projected population 15.251millions FAOSTAT. 2018
Exclusive Economic Zone area 158 936km2 VLIZ
GDP (current US$) 24 130millions World Bank. 2018
GDP per capita (current US$) 1 522US$ World Bank. 2018
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added 16.56% of GDP World Bank. 2018
The Senegal River is Senegal's main water course. It is 1,750 km long. Senegal hasmany saltwater and freshwater lakes, the main ones being Lake Rose and Lake deGuiers. Despite being a Sudano-Sahelian country, Senegal is the second largest fishproducer and the largest exporter of fish in the ECOWAS region.
Year
1000 MT 1000 kg
Aquaculture Capture
Total Production Exports Imports
Consumption Population
Consumption per capita
2008 0.05 428.30 428.35 73.13 1.12 356.35 12004.70 29.682009 0.07 446.20 446.27 78.37 0.30 368.21 12335.08 29.852010 0.08 409.72 409.79 78.03 6.35 338.11 12678.15 26.672011 0.33 427.13 427.47 92.46 14.09 349.10 13033.81 26.782012 0.40 461.08 461.48 90.52 8.44 379.39 13401.99 28.312013 0.71 469.60 470.30 124.11 8.55 354.73 13782.42 25.742014 1.01 458.54 459.55 134.32 9.51 334.75 14174.74 23.622015 1.21 425.44 426.65 173.16 19.18 272.67 14578.46 18.702016 2.07 474.16 476.23 191.64 18.26 302.85 14993.52 20.202017 1.01 534.87 535.88 210.07 30.45 356.25 15419.36 23.102018 0.81 484.75 485.56 204.78 26.28 307.06 15854.32 19.372019 1.51 471.99 473.50 239.71 29.39 263.18 16311.86 16.132020 1.58 512.90 514.48 261.75 31.65 284.38 16778.01 16.952021 1.58 485.68 487.26 278.36 29.88 238.78 17255.97 13.842022 1.56 505.91 507.47 296.91 30.87 241.42 17745.44 13.602023 1.55 490.50 492.05 311.86 32.86 213.05 18246.41 11.682024 1.82 520.56 522.37 330.73 35.71 227.35 18758.90 12.122025 1.74 549.94 551.68 350.79 35.11 236.00 19283.05 12.24
Average Annual Growth Rate(%)2008-18 27.87 1.13 1.15 9.81 33.23 -1.34 2.56 -3.81
2018-25 8.08 0.40 0.42 7.60 2.06 -5.71 3.25 -8.68
34
#ECOWAP2025
Benin1%
Burkina Faso8%
Côte d'Ivoire
69%
Guinea3%
Mali17%
Togo2%
Figure 4: Exports fish (%) to ...
Cameroon8%
ECOWAS66%
Rep. of Korea
5%
Spain7%
Other C14%
Figure 3: Exports To
514,484.7
261,75
284,378.7
,0.0
100,0.0
200,0.0
300,0.0
400,0.0
500,0.0
600,0.0
20
08
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19
20
20
20
21
20
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20
23
20
24
20
25
Figure 2: Trend and projection of key variables (1000MT)
Total Production Import Forecasts
Export Consumption
0%
50%
100%
150%
200%
250%
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12
20
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20
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15
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20
17
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18
20
19
20
20
20
21
20
22
20
23
20
24
20
25
Figure 5: Production & imports vs. consumption
Production/Consumption Import/Consumption
Consumption
The data analysis concerning fish value chain in Senegal shows the
trend of fish and aquaculture sector, including production,
imports, with exception of consumption, all factors are increasing
(Table 1). table shows that production has increased from 428,350
to 485,560 tons in the period 2008 - 2018. This represents an
annual average growth rate of 1.15%. However, capture has not
grown significantly over the years. Aquaculture production is a
fast growing sector with an Average Annual Growth Rate of 58.2%
over the same period. Domestic production is sufficient to cover
the demand for fish. Consumption per capita decreased by 1.34%,
going from 29.7 kg in 2008 to 19.37 kg in 2018.
The acceleration in the volume of exported fish from 2013 explain
the decrease in consumption per capita. Indeed, exports went
from 90,520 tons in 2012 to 124,110 tons in 2013 and would be
204,708 tons in 2018, a variation of 132.07% in the space of five
years. While production almost stagnated between 2012 and
2018, imports increased. However, this did not compensate for
the level of exports. If this trend were to continue and all other
factors remained equal, then by 2020 the volume of fish exported
would equal that of fish consumed.
As a result, domestic availability of fish is projected to be on the
decrease as well as per capita consumption. Most of the country's
production, about 66%, is exported to countries in the ECOWAS
region. The outlets are mainly Côte d'Ivoire (69%), Mali (17%),
Burkina Faso (8%) and Guinea (3%). Senegal also exports to
Cameroon (8%), Spain (7%), and Republic of Korea (5%) (Figure 3).
The above information shows a trade surplus.
Aquaculture could be developed in line with the CSF SFAD which is
attractive to the private sector. This will enable the country, rich in
water resources, to develop cage and pond fish culture and
increase opportunities for decent jobs.
Senegal
Factsheet N°1/2020-1 : Fish in ECOWAS 35
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Sierra Leone Table 1: Overall situation of fish production and consumption
Country area 72 300km2 FAOSTAT. 2013
Land area 72 180km2 FAOSTAT. 2013
Inland water area 120km2 Computed. 2013
Estimated and projected population 7.044millions FAOSTAT. 2019
Exclusive Economic Zone area 161 275km2 VLIZ
GDP (current US$) 4 085millions World Bank. 2018
GDP per capita (current US$) 533.99US$ World Bank. 2018
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added 58.93% of GDP World Bank. 2018
Sierra Leone is a large water reserve: the north-east to the south-west, the country
is divided into seven main drainage basins and seven secondary basins. As far as
rivers are concerned, there are two important ones, the Rokel and the Mano. In
addition, there is the Mitomba or Rokel river, 400 kilometers long. Yet other rivers
include the Sewa, Moa, Mongo, Meli, Jong, Baru and Pampana rivers. The Moa,
Sewa, Jong and Seli rivers provide irrigation for the land. This hydraulic potential is
an asset for fishing activity. Sierra Leone is the fourth largest fish producer in
ECOWAS with an average production of 202,800 tons in the period 2008 to 2018.
Year
1000 MT 1000 kg
Aquaculture Capture
Total Production Exports Imports
Consumption Population
Consumption per capita
2008 0.05 197.58 197.63 3.77 1.53 195.39 6133.60 31.86
2009 0.08 199.00 199.08 3.94 2.04 197.17 6272.73 31.43
2010 0.08 200.00 200.08 3.94 0.97 197.11 6415.63 30.72
2011 0.08 202.00 202.08 4.08 1.37 199.36 6563.24 30.38
2012 0.08 203.50 203.58 4.31 1.07 200.34 6712.58 29.84
2013 0.08 205.00 205.08 3.85 1.37 202.60 6863.98 29.52
2014 0.08 206.48 206.55 4.21 1.92 204.27 7017.15 29.11
2015 0.09 202.10 202.19 4.79 0.92 198.32 7171.91 27.65
2016 0.09 202.10 202.19 4.64 1.60 199.15 7328.83 27.17
2017 0.09 202.10 202.19 7.67 1.62 196.13 7488.42 26.19
2018 0.09 202.10 202.19 6.89 1.94 197.24 7650.15 25.78
2019 0.09 201.29 201.38 7.89 1.84 195.33 7782.91 25.10
2020 0.09 202.46 202.55 8.79 1.57 195.33 7933.50 24.62
2021 0.09 202.50 202.59 9.67 1.44 194.36 8092.58 24.02
2022 0.10 202.43 202.53 10.54 1.38 193.37 8260.50 23.41
2023 0.10 202.72 202.82 10.93 1.34 193.23 8436.62 22.90
2024 0.10 203.13 203.23 12.02 1.34 192.54 8619.48 22.34
2025 0.10 203.12 203.22 12.77 1.34 191.79 8807.97 21.77
Average Annual Growth Rate(%)
2008-18 4.94 0.21 0.21 5.64 2.21 0.09 2.03 -1.90
2018-25 2.84 0.07 0.07 7.55 -2.70 -0.32 2.35 -2.60
36
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Côte d'Ivoire
5%Guinea
3%
Liberia53%
Nigeria24%
Senegal15%
Figure 4: Exports of fish (%) to ...
Guinea99%
Senegal1%
Figure 3: Fish Imports (%) from
,0.0
50,0.0
100,0.0
150,0.0
200,0.0
250,0.0
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12
20
13
20
14
20
15
20
16
20
17
20
18
20
19
20
20
20
21
20
22
20
23
20
24
20
25
Figure 2: Trend and projection of key variables (1000MT)
Total Production Import Forecasts
Export Consumption
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12
20
13
20
14
20
15
20
16
20
17
20
18
20
19
20
20
20
21
20
22
20
23
20
24
20
25
Figure 5: Production & imports vs. consumption
Production/Consumption Import/Consumption
Consumption
The data analysis concerning fish value chain in Sierra
Leone shows that the trends of the fish and aquaculture
sector, including production, consumption, imports, are
increasing (Table 1). The table show a production
evolution from 197,630 tons to 202,190 tons in the
period 2008-2018. This represents an annual average
growth rate of 0.21%. However, capture have not grown
significantly over the years and aquaculture production
has been on the increase with an Average Annual Growth
Rate of 4.94% over the same period.
Domestic production is sufficient to cover fish protein
demand (Figure 5). As a result, fish imports both at
regional and non-community have been growing slowly,
from 1,530-1,940 tons, with more and more coming
from the region. Imports originate mainly from Guinea
(99%), and Senegal (1%), (figure 3). Intra-ECOWAS
exports are dominated by Côte d'Ivoire (5%), Guinea
(3%), Nigeria (24%), Senegal (15%) and Liberia (53%)
(Figure 4). Exports are insignificant and only concern
intra-regional trade. Consumption per capita has
decreased by 2.1%, decreasing from 31.89 kg in 2008 to
25.78kg in 2017. The above information shows a trade
surplus.
Aquaculture could be developed in line with the CSF
SFAD which is attractive to the private sector. This will
enable the country, rich in water resources, to develop
cage and pond fish culture and increase opportunities
for decent jobs.
Sierra Leone
Factsheet N°1/2020-1 : Fish in ECOWAS 37
#ECOWAP2025
TogoTable 1: Overall situation of fish production and consumption
Population-Estimations 7.208millions FAOSTAT. 2019
Area of the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) 15 515km2 VLIZ
GDP (current US$) 5 359millions World Bank. 2018
GDP per capita (current US$) 679.26US$ World Bank. 2018
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added 23.42% of GDP World Bank. 2018
Togo is located in ECOWAS region on the Gulf of Guinea. Further north from theTogolese mountains, the Oti, one of the main tributaries of the Volta, crosses asandy plateau covered with savannah. Togo has a significant map of waterresources for fishing and fish farming activities.
Year
1000 MT 1000 kg
Aquaculture Capture
Total Production Exports Imports
Consumption Population
Consumption per capita
2008 0.11 22.77 22.87 2.15 10.93 31.66 6083.42 5.202009 0.11 27.03 27.13 3.60 15.52 39.05 6250.84 6.25
2010 0.10 27.54 27.64 0.49 39.47 66.62 6421.68 10.37
2011 0.02 24.12 24.14 0.83 53.18 76.48 6595.94 11.60
2012 0.02 19.32 19.34 0.07 53.85 73.12 6773.81 10.792013 0.02 20.02 20.04 0.15 51.07 70.96 6954.72 10.20
2014 0.03 19.85 19.87 0.23 48.53 68.18 7138.00 9.55
2015 0.06 21.50 21.56 0.21 59.98 81.32 7323.16 11.102016 0.10 31.89 31.99 0.05 47.24 79.17 7509.95 10.54
2017 0.13 26.92 27.05 0.05 58.27 85.27 7698.47 11.08
2018 0.29 24.62 24.91 0.08 59.95 84.78 7889.09 10.75
2019 0.30 25.08 25.38 0.09 64.81 90.11 8032.76 11.222020 0.38 25.09 25.47 0.11 71.40 96.76 8204.50 11.79
2021 0.46 26.00 26.46 0.12 79.75 106.08 8388.11 12.65
2022 0.54 27.45 27.99 0.14 84.22 112.06 8582.82 13.06
2023 0.59 28.71 29.30 0.15 84.98 114.13 8787.24 12.992024 0.67 29.12 29.79 0.17 83.82 113.44 9000.65 12.60
2025 0.74 29.32 30.06 0.19 82.36 112.24 9222.62 12.17
Average Annual Growth Rate(%)2008-18 9.49 0.71 0.78 -25.92 16.73 9.37 2.39 6.81
2018-25 27.99 1.23 1.52 22.04 5.07 4.00 2.61 1.35
Factsheet N°1/2020-1 : Fish in ECOWAS 38
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The data analysis concerning fish value chain in Togo
shows the trend of fish and aquaculture sector including
production, imports, are increasing (Table 1). The tables
shows that production increases from 22,870 tons to
24,910 tons in the period 2008-2018. This represents an
annual average growth rate of 0.78% with many
fluctuations between years. Domestic production is not
sufficient to cover fish demand (Figure 5). During the
period under review, total consumption varied from
31,700 tons to 82,400 tons.
Consumption has more than doubled, while production is
almost stagnant, hence the imbalance between supply
and consumption, implying that an increase in importation
makes up for the deficit (Figure 5). As a result, fish imports
both regional and non-community have grown from
10,900 tons to 60,000 tons, with 40% coming from the
ECOWAS region. Imports originate mainly from Guinea-
Bissau (80%), Senegal (19%) and Benin (1%). The country
also imports from Mauritania (34%), Morocco (7%), Spain
(4%) , and the Netherland (3%) (Figure 3). Consumption
per capita is under the regional average although
increasing by 5.4%. It went from 5.2 kg in 2008 to 10.75 kg
in 2018. The above information shows a trade deficit.
Aquaculture could be developed in line with the CSF SFAD
which is attractive to the private sector. This will enable
the country, rich in water resources, to develop cage and
pond fish culture and increase opportunities for decent
jobs.
Benin1%
Guinea-Bissau80%
Senegal19%
Figure 4: fish imports (%) from ...
ECOWAS40%
Mauritania34%
Morocco7%
Netherlands3%
Spain4%
Other countries
12%
Figure 3: Imports Of Fish (%) From ...
,0.0
20,0.0
40,0.0
60,0.0
80,0.0
100,0.0
120,0.0
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
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12
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15
20
16
20
17
20
18
20
19
20
20
20
21
20
22
20
23
20
24
20
25
Figure 2: Trend and projection of key variables (1000MT)
Total Production Import Forecasts
Export Consumption
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12
20
13
20
14
20
15
20
16
20
17
20
18
20
19
20
20
20
21
20
22
20
23
20
24
20
25
Figure 5: Production & imports vs. consumption
Production/Consumption Import/Consumption
Consumption
Togo
Factsheet N°1/2020-1 : Fish in ECOWAS 39
#ECOWAP2025
II. REGIONAL
SITUATION
Factsheet N°1/2020-1 : Fish in ECOWAS 40
#ECOWAP2025
ECOWAS region
ECOWAS region has significant hydraulic and fisheries resources asshown in trans-boundary watercourses in West Africa. In addition tohaving coastal resources, all countries, including those inland arecrossed by at least one river or the other. The most important riversamong others are: are the Niger, Gambia, Senegal, Volta, Sassandra,Bandama, Comoe, Bafing, Mano, Cavally, Rockel…
Total area of all countries km2 5,115,430.00FAOSTAT 2019
Land area (km2) 5,032,970.00FAOSTAT 2019
Inland water area (km2) 82,460.00FAOSTAT 2019
Estimated and projected population in
millions 366.87
ECOAGRIS. 2019
GDP (current US$) in millions 635,088.81Compute 2019
GDP per capita (current US$) average 1,685.51World Bank. 2018compute
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value
added % of GDP 27.08
World Bank. 2019compute
Figure 1: Trans-boundary Watercourses in West Africa
Factsheet N°1/2020-1 : Fish in ECOWAS 41
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Table 1: Overall situation of fish production and consumptionECOWAS region
,0.0
1000,0.0
2000,0.0
3000,0.0
4000,0.0
5000,0.0
6000,0.0
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12
20
13
201
4
20
15
20
16
20
17
20
18
20
19
20
20
20
21
202
2
20
23
20
24
20
25
Figure 2: Trend and projection of key variables
(1000MT)
Total Production Import Forecasts Export Consumption
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12
20
13
20
14
20
15
20
16
20
17
20
18
20
19
20
20
20
21
20
22
20
23
20
24
20
25
Figure 3: Production & imports vs. consumption
Production/Consumption Import/Consumption Consumption
Year
1000 MT 1000 kg
Aquaculture Capture
Total Production Exports Imports
Consumption Population
Consumption per capita
2008 152.11 1996.80 2148.90 177.78 1796.39 3767.51 287375.59 13.11
2009 163.82 2028.79 2192.61 189.40 1889.60 3892.81 295353.51 13.18
2010 215.78 2044.49 2260.27 178.63 2043.48 4125.12 303541.06 13.59
2011 247.23 2170.60 2417.83 204.97 2444.43 4657.29 311934.44 14.93
2012 287.88 2225.93 2513.80 200.78 1840.45 4153.48 320538.94 12.96
2013 319.62 2316.95 2636.57 291.20 1759.53 4104.90 329358.47 12.46
2014 361.19 2320.72 2681.92 244.90 1923.82 4360.84 338399.48 12.89
2015 374.75 2289.87 2664.63 305.97 1925.27 4283.92 347665.47 12.32
2016 375.78 2367.68 2743.46 315.02 1744.23 4172.67 357157.80 11.68
2017 369.32 2785.15 3154.47 344.61 1686.76 4496.62 366870.95 12.26
2018 384.36 2654.29 3038.65 347.49 1926.09 4617.24 376786.57 12.25
2019 421.91 2658.22 3080.13 370.79 1777.73 4487.07 386920.61 11.60
2020 418.08 2749.55 3167.64 390.76 1894.84 4671.71 397288.14 11.76
2021 439.31 2798.28 3237.59 415.29 1886.82 4709.11 407932.32 11.54
2022 443.89 2861.39 3305.28 435.53 1958.44 4828.20 418868.14 11.53
2023 448.25 2930.41 3378.66 446.06 2006.54 4939.15 430089.59 11.48
2024 453.46 3035.62 3489.08 462.16 2034.60 5061.53 441596.67 11.46
2025 463.11 3143.38 3606.49 482.63 2109.62 5233.48 450270.19 11.62
Average Annual Growth Rate(%)
2008-18 8.79 2.62 3.20 6.28 0.64 1.87 2.49 -0.61
2018-25 3.29 1.74 1.93 4.93 3.25 2.19 2.97 -0.76
Factsheet N°1/2020-1 : Fish in ECOWAS 42
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ECOWAS region
Cabo Verde…
Côte d'Ivoire
2%
Ghana6%
Guinea2%
Nigeria3%
Senegal74%
Sierra Leone
4%
Other Countries
2%
Figure 6: Share of total fish exports to the world
Benin 3%
Burkina Faso 3% Côte
d’Ivoire14%
Ghana 12%
Nigeria 63%
Other ECOWAS Countries
5%
Figure 4: Share of total fish imports fromthe world
Angola4%
Areas, nes4%
Belgium4%
Chile3%
China9%
Mauritania24%
Morocco12%
Netherlands8%
Spain3%
Other countries
29%
Figure 5: ECOWAS countries’ main importing partners (%)
Cameroon11%
China10%
Rep. of Korea19%
Spain24%
Viet Nam4%
Other countries
32%
Figure 7: ECOWAS countries’ main Exporting partners (%)
Aquaculture could be developed in line with theCSF SFAD which is attractive to the private sectorthroughout. This will enable the region’scountries, rich in water resources, to developcage and pond fish culture and increaseopportunities for decent jobs.
The situational analysis of the key indicators ofthe value chain shows satisfactory results. In fact,apart from consumption per capita, whichdecreased during the period 2008-2018, theother indicators show a good trend.The decrease in regional consumption per capitais due to the large regional consumers such asNigeria, Ghana, Senegal and Sierra Leone, whosaw their per capita consumption drop between0.1% to 5% the period 2008-2018.
The main exporting countries in the region areSenegal, Ghana, Sierra Leone, Nigeria, and Côted'Ivoire, Guinea (figure 6) while the five mainimporting countries include: Nigeria, Côted'Ivoire, Ghana, Benin, and Burkina Faso (figure4).
The community main exporting partners areSpain, the Republic of Korea, Cameroon, and VietNam (figure 7) while the five main importingpartners include: Mauritania, Morocco, China,the Netherlands, … (figure 5).
Factsheet N°1/2020-1 : Fish in ECOWAS 43
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ECOWAS region
Burkina Faso7%
Côte d'Ivoire31%
Ghana47%
Mali4%
Sierra Leone2%
Togo7%
Other Countries
2%
Figure 8: Share of fish imports fromECOWAS region
Burkina Faso2% Côte d'Ivoire
1%
Ghana1%
Senegal96%
Figure 9: Share of fish exports to ECOWAS region
In 2018 regional fish production was estimated at 3,038,650 tons, or 58.90% of total fishproduction in Africa, while regional consumption reached 4,617,240 tons (table 1). Average AnnualGrowth Rate of production and consumption reached 3.2% and 1.87% respectively during theperiod between 2008-2018 (table 1). However, consumption per capita decreased by 0.61% as itwent from 13.11 kg in 2008 to 12.25 kg in 2018.• The projections for 2025 show a regional production of 3,606,490 tons, which is lower than the
estimated regional consumption of 5,233,480 tons (Table 1).• For most countries in the region the availability of fish shows a deficit. In fact, ECOWAS region
imports reached 1,926,000 tons of fish in 2018 while exports were 347,490 tons (Table 1).
ConclusionOverall, fisheries sector statistics, including those of production, consumption, imports and
exports, follow a growing trend in ECOWAS countries. However, domestic supply is still below
demand and requires an increase in fishing effort to boost fish production. This could lead to in
some places to illegal fishing and overexploitation of fishery resources in some places,
characterized by a decline in production, and implies that the biological carrying capacity is being
exceeded.
Aquaculture is one of the alternatives to restoring it, and at the same time increasing domestic
supply. However, there is a myriad of constraints, institutional (land precariousness) as well as
socio-cultural (proscriptions against eating catfish), economic (production costs, mismanagement,
...) and technical nature (lack of professionalism).
Recommendations
• Promulgate a regional policy for fisheries in general and aquaculture in particular;
• Facilitate access to secure land and cheaper loans;
• Develop professional training curricula in specialized institutes;
• Promote or encourage economic actors to invest in the aquaculture value chain
(construction of ponds and production of fish feed);
• Promote public and private strategic partnership.44
#ECOWAP2025
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Factsheet N°1/2020-1 : Fish in ECOWAS 45
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ECOWAS Commission
Department Agriculture, Environment and Natural Resources
Directorate Agriculture and Rural DevelopmentRiver Plaza Annex – 496 Abogo Largema Street - Central Business District
PMB 401 Abuja FCT – Federal Republic of Nigeria
[email protected] @ecowas.agric @ecowas_agric
Factsheet N°1/2020-1 : Fish in ECOWAS 46
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Factsheet N°1/2020-1 : Fish in ECOWAS 47
This report printing received finance support from PESCAO/ECOWAS, a Funding Project of 11th EDF/EU