Ecosystem cultural services in Mexico · 2019. 9. 17. · Ecosystem and cultural ... The importance...
Transcript of Ecosystem cultural services in Mexico · 2019. 9. 17. · Ecosystem and cultural ... The importance...
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Ecosystem and cultural services in Mexico
By: Raúl Figueroa Díaz
THE SEEA AND ECOSYSTEM SERVICES
INTE
RM
EDIA
TE
FIN
AL
• Ecosystem contribution to economic activities.
• There are three main types: • Provisioning services • Regulation services • Cultural services
Flows between or within ecosystem
assets
EXAMPLES:
• Nutrient cycle
• Water flows between ecosystem
assets through rivers
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Intermediate ecosystem services
Summary. To avoid double accounting, only final ecosystem services are
recorded
Ecosystem services
Provisioning:
Wood, water, food, medicine goods,
energy, among others.
Regulating:
Carbon sequestration, fertilization,
forest protection for flood
Cultural:
Aesthetic, spiritual, personal
improvement, leassure and enjoyment.
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Barrancas del Cobre, Chihuahua
Towards the measurement of cultural and recreational services in Mexico
Route map for measuring ecosystem services
Identification and location of cultural assets: • Natural Protected Areas • Ramsar Sites • Archeological places • Historical places
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Sources:
• Touristic Basic Geostatistical Areas
• Satellite accounts: tourism, culture, environment
• Geographic data: Shapes (SHP, WMS, WKT y WMTS)
• Economic Census
• Public Account
• Administrative records
Route map for measuring ecosystem services 2
Technological resources and agreements:
• Institutional arrangements • Jointly work with stakeholders
• Technical Working Groups • Software: ArcGIS, Mapa Digital
de México
Route map for measuring ecosystem services
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Mapping of study sites
Land cover map
Aquaculture
Agriculture
Water bodies
Cultivated forest
Forest
Human settlements
Other special types
Scrubland
Other lands
Grassland
Deciduous forest
Evergreen forest
Semideciduous forest
Hydrophilic vegetation
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SEEA-EEA recommended spatial units LCEU Area (km2) BSU
LCEU01 = Rainfed herbaceous cropland 5.0 80
LCEU01 LCEU02 LCEU02 = Forest tree cover 2.6 42
LCEU03 = Inland water bodies 0.7 11
LCEU04 = Rainfed herbaceous cropland 2.8 45
LCEU05 = Forest tree cover 0.8 12
LCEU04 LCEU06 = Urban and associated developed 0.6 9
LCEU07 = Urban and associated developed 0.7 11
LCEU08 = Open wetlands 0.4 6
LCEU05 LCEU09 = Inland water bodies 0.5 8
LCEU10 = Forest tree cover 2.3 36
LCEU11 = Rainfed herbaceous cropland 1.8 28
Total 18.0 288
LCEU Type Area (km2) BSU
Urban and associated 1.3 20
LCEU10 LCEU11 Rainfed herbaceous cropland 9.6 153
Forest tree cover 5.6 90
Inland water bodies 1.2 19
Open wetlands 0.4 6
Total 18.0 288
Note: One BSU = 250m2 = 1 ha
EAU area = 288 BSUs = 18 km2
LCEU09
LCEU07LCEU06
LCEU08
Basic Spatial Unit (BSU) can be grid cell or “pixel”
BSU1, BSU2, BSU3…BSUn
Land Cover Ecosystem Functional Unit (LCEU) is an aggregate of BSUs based on selected criteria (land cover, elevation, management regime, etc.)
BSU1a1 + BSU1a2 + BSU1a3 = LCEU1A
BSU1b1 + BSU1b2 + BSU1b3 = LCEU1B
.
.
BSU2a + BSU2b + BSU2c = LCEU2
BSU3a + BSU3b + BSU3c = LCEU3
Ecosystem Accounting Unit (EAU) is alternative reporting aggregate of LCEUs
LCEU1A + LCEU1B + LCEU1C = LCEU1TOTAL
LCEU2A + LCEU2B + LCEU2C = LCEU2TOTAL
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Land cover of Mexico Spatial units
Basic Geostatistical Areas (AGEB, by its Spanish
acronym)
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32,956 AGEBt
+ Exchange values
Tourism Production Account in the Area
of Interest
GPV
IC
Ce
AV
FTEEP
GSO
Put your shoulder to the wheel!!!
5.7 Millions of establishments
Ce: Compensation employees VA: Value added GPV: Gross production value IC: Intermediate consumption GSO: Gross surplus of operation FTEEP: Full time equivalent employment positions
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Symbology
Agriculture Human settlements Grasslands
Semideciduous forest
Series III of use of soil and vegetation (2002) Series IV of use of soil and vegetation(2007) Series Va of use of soil and vegetation (2011)
From 2002 to 2011,
28% of the
semideciduous forest
were lost. While the
grasslands
moved to 17%
of the total area
of study.
That is, the profit from CO2
retention that was lost ranges
from 0.5 million dollars to
2.4 million dollars per year
(value of damage avoided by
carbon retention)1.
The change in forest land use
to economic activities means a
loss in soil carbon retention of
42 000 tonnes
1Depending on the discount rate applied, 5%, 3% or 2.5%.
In another hand… measuring on environmental impact of human activity Changes in the use of soil and vegetation from 2007 to 2011
Chichen-Itzá
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Geographical position of the selected site
1.56 km
Chichen-Itzá
Touristic AGEB’s
Location Pisté
Municipality Tinum 35.04 km
Touristic AGEB’s
Location Valladolid
Municipality Valladolid 16.82 km
Touristic AGEB’s
Location Kahua
Municipality Kahua
Polygon of influence of the selected area
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Chichen-Itzá
AGEB urban
Influenced
area
AGEBt
Polygon of influence of the selected area
Production of establishments
in according with TSA ARCHAEOLOGICAL PLACE: CHICHEN-ITZÁ
Census Gross Total Production (Tourism ratios)
2013
No. of
establishments Description
Thousands of
dollars
1,015 TOTAL 21,856.54
12 Hotels with other integrated services 1,263.33
2 Foreign collective transportation of passengers 1,591.10
39 Restaurants with food preparation service a la carte or run food 1,319.21
101 Antojitos restaurants 420.78
74 Tacos and tortas restaurants 616.06
44 Pizza, burgers, hot dogs and roast chicken to go restaurants 1,590.85
743 Others 15,055.20
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Archaeological place
access revenue
12.1
Maintenance
cost
14.9
Surplus
2.3
Income from the
establishments into
the 3 km influenced
polygon
5.1
Million of USD Dollars
From an economic point of view, the
maintainance cost is lower than the
incomes generated by the same
archaeological place
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The importance of the cultural and natural heritage, lies on its symbolic content and into the
social fabric through national identity, which is created in the communities
Its correct management lets to sustainable using which not risk the enjoyment for future
generations
Learned leassons:
Supporting from stakeholders, for inmediately
information using
Considering scientist point of view
To join multidisciplinary knowledgement
To use polygons instead of buffers
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Next step: bring the use of statistics to places where
important decisions are made for communities ...
The heritage conservation (chapels and churches) helps
to create poles of attraction and to take better decisions
Thank you!
Direction of Satellite Accounts http://www.inegi.org.mx/est/contenidos/proyectos/cn
Vivienda
Know our acounts:
PIB y Cuentas Nacionales
Inegi Informa