Economics 172 Issues in African Economic Development Lecture 12 February 23, 2006.
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Transcript of Economics 172 Issues in African Economic Development Lecture 12 February 23, 2006.
![Page 1: Economics 172 Issues in African Economic Development Lecture 12 February 23, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f535503460f94c7821e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Economics 172Issues in African Economic Development
Lecture 12
February 23, 2006
![Page 2: Economics 172 Issues in African Economic Development Lecture 12 February 23, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f535503460f94c7821e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Economics 172 2
Outline:
(1) What can public policy do about HIV/AIDS in Africa?
(2) New topic: Education and economic development
![Page 3: Economics 172 Issues in African Economic Development Lecture 12 February 23, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f535503460f94c7821e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Economics 172 3
Key questions in the study of HIV/AIDS
(0) Characterizing the extent of the problem (today)
(1) What impact does HIV/AIDS have on economic development in Africa?
(2) Why does HIV/AIDS continue to spread in Africa?
(3) What can / should public policy do about HIV/AIDS?
![Page 4: Economics 172 Issues in African Economic Development Lecture 12 February 23, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f535503460f94c7821e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Economics 172 4
What can public policy do about HIV/AIDS?
(1) Testing people, inform them of their HIV status
![Page 5: Economics 172 Issues in African Economic Development Lecture 12 February 23, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f535503460f94c7821e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Economics 172 5
What can public policy do about HIV/AIDS?
(1) Testing people, inform them of their HIV status
- Positive or negative effect on unsafe sex?
- Choose unsafe sex if: S + (PHIV – P)(1 – R)V > 0
![Page 6: Economics 172 Issues in African Economic Development Lecture 12 February 23, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f535503460f94c7821e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Economics 172 6
What can public policy do about HIV/AIDS?
(1) Testing people, inform them of their HIV status
(2) Condom distribution
![Page 7: Economics 172 Issues in African Economic Development Lecture 12 February 23, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f535503460f94c7821e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Economics 172 7
What can public policy do about HIV/AIDS?
(1) Testing people, inform them of their HIV status
(2) Condom distribution
(3) Public health information campaigns (e.g., Uganda)
![Page 8: Economics 172 Issues in African Economic Development Lecture 12 February 23, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f535503460f94c7821e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Economics 172 8
What can public policy do about HIV/AIDS?
(1) Testing people, inform them of their HIV status
(2) Condom distribution
(3) Public health information campaigns (e.g., Uganda)
(4) Regulate prostitution
![Page 9: Economics 172 Issues in African Economic Development Lecture 12 February 23, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f535503460f94c7821e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Economics 172 9
What can public policy do about HIV/AIDS?
(1) Testing people, inform them of their HIV status
(2) Condom distribution
(3) Public health information campaigns (e.g., Uganda)
(4) Regulate prostitution
(5) Subsidies for anti-retroviral medical treatment (ARVs) (Compliance? Company profits?)
![Page 10: Economics 172 Issues in African Economic Development Lecture 12 February 23, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f535503460f94c7821e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Economics 172 10
What can public policy do about HIV/AIDS?
(1) Testing people, inform them of their HIV status
(2) Condom distribution
(3) Public health information campaigns (e.g., Uganda)
(4) Regulate prostitution
(5) Subsidies for anti-retroviral medical treatment (ARVs) (Compliance? Company profits?)
(6) Development of an HIV vaccine
![Page 11: Economics 172 Issues in African Economic Development Lecture 12 February 23, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f535503460f94c7821e/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Economics 172 11
Outline:
(1) What can public policy do about HIV/AIDS in Africa?
(2) New topic: Education and economic development
![Page 12: Economics 172 Issues in African Economic Development Lecture 12 February 23, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f535503460f94c7821e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Economics 172 12
Education and economic development
• Does education lead to higher income? OR does higher income lead to more educational investment?
![Page 13: Economics 172 Issues in African Economic Development Lecture 12 February 23, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f535503460f94c7821e/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Economics 172 13
Education and economic development
• Does education lead to higher income? OR does higher income lead to more educational investment?
• Unclear macroeconomic evidence on education and growth (e.g., the case of Kenya)
![Page 14: Economics 172 Issues in African Economic Development Lecture 12 February 23, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f535503460f94c7821e/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Economics 172 14
Education benefits beyond wages
(1) Women’s education and infant mortality: each additional year of schooling is associated with a 5-10% reduction in under-5 mortality
![Page 15: Economics 172 Issues in African Economic Development Lecture 12 February 23, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f535503460f94c7821e/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Economics 172 15
Education benefits beyond wages
(1) Women’s education and infant mortality: each additional year of schooling is associated with a 5-10% reduction in under-5 mortality
(2) Education may improve adoption of new technologies, e.g., in agriculture, health
![Page 16: Economics 172 Issues in African Economic Development Lecture 12 February 23, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f535503460f94c7821e/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Economics 172 16
Education benefits beyond wages
(1) Women’s education and infant mortality: each additional year of schooling is associated with a 5-10% reduction in under-5 mortality
(2) Education may improve adoption of new technologies, e.g., in agriculture, health
(3) Educated people may make better citizens in a democracy, and be more active in civil society organizations
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Economics 172 17
Whiteboard #1
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Economics 172 18
Whiteboard #2
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Economics 172 19
Whiteboard #3
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Economics 172 20
Whiteboard #4
![Page 21: Economics 172 Issues in African Economic Development Lecture 12 February 23, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f535503460f94c7821e/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Economics 172 21
Whiteboard #5
![Page 22: Economics 172 Issues in African Economic Development Lecture 12 February 23, 2006.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070411/56649f535503460f94c7821e/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Economics 172 22
Map of Africa