PRIMARY SECTOR

ARABLE FARMING

IT IS THE CULTIVATION OF LAND TO PRODUCE CROPS

DRY CROPS

THEY NEED ONLY RAINWATER, SUCH AS: OLIVES, GRAPES OR CEREALS

IRRIGATED CROPS

THEY NEED EXTRA WATER TO GROW. FOR EXAMPLE: FRUITS AND RICE

LIVESTOCK FARMING

IT IS THE RAISING OF ANIMALS FOR FOOD PRODUCTS (MEAT, MILK, EGGS...) AND

NON-FOOD (WOOL AND LEATHER)

EXTENSIVE FARMING

ANIMALS SPEND A LOT OF TIME OUTDOORS (OUTSIDE) IN LARGE FIELDS.

INTENSIVE FARMING

ANIMALS ARE KEPT IN ENCLOSE SPACES (INDOOR) OR PENS (CORRALES-GALLINEROS)

FISHING

IT IS THE CATCHING OF FISH AND OTHER AQUATIC ANIMALS FROM RIVERS, LAKES,

SEAS OR OCEANS

DEEP-SEA FISHING

TAKES PLACE OR IS CARRIED OUT FAR AWAY FROM THE COAST

COASTAL FISHING

TAKES PLACE OR IS CARRIED OUT NEAR THE COAST

MINING

IT IS THE EXTRACTION OF ROCKS & MINERALS FROM THE GROUND (EARTH CRUST)

UNDERGROUND MINING

MINERS WORK IN TUNNELS BELOW THE EARTH SURFACE (DEEP)

OPEN-CAST MINING

MINERS WORK ON THE SURFACE. IN LARGE OPEN-AIR PITS. BECAUSE THE

MATERIALS ARE CLOSE TO THE EARTH SURFACE

FORESTRY

IT IS THE EXPLOITATION OF FORESTS TO EXTRACT PLANT PRODUCTS SUCH AS WOOD

or CORK

DEFORESTATION

IT IS THE PROCESS OF CUTTING DOWN FORESTS

SECONDARY SECTOR USE OR TAKE RAW MATERIALS TO PRODUCE MANUFACTURED PRODUCT

Raw materials are turned into products (goods) used by people (customers)

ENERGY INDUSTRY

Produce energy from renewable sources (wind, water and sunlight) or non-

renewable sources (coal, oil, gas)

BASE/INTERMEDIATE INDUSTRY

Transform raw materials into semi-finished products (they will be used by

other industries). For example: steel industry.

CONSUMER GOODS INDUSTRY

Use the products produced by the base industries. They are sold

directly to consumers. These products are called consumer goods.

Such as: cars, clothing, cosmetics...

CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

Make buildings and public works like roads and bridges.

TERTIARY SECTOR Also called service sector because it provides customers with services

Education: teachers, headteachers...

Healthcare: look after (take care of) our health. Such as: surgeon, doctor,

nurses, dentists...

Administration: secretaries, public servants...

Retail: the sale of goods to individual consumers. Such as: shops,

supermarket, hypermarket...

Tourism: is the business that provides us with accommodations and

entertainment. Types: adventure, cultural, beach or rural tourism.

Transport: carry people and goods from one place to another. Types: land:

cars, vans, lorries; water: cruise ship and cargo ship (cargamento); air:

plane

Trade: It’s the exchange of goods. Domestic trade: the trade takes place

inside a country. Foreign trade: the trade takes place between two

countries (import: buy something from other country and export: sell

something to another country).