Economic policies of FERDINAND MARCOS Certain habits/behaviors of the people contribute to the

obstacles to modernization.1. Ethic of “utang na loob” .2. Colonial mentality .3. In-group harmony and coherence .

A spirit of self-sacrifice for the progress of the nation was needed.

“Sa ikauunlad ng bayan, disiplina ang kailangan” The specific areas of the New Society envisioned by Pres. Marcos

for reform:1. Peace and Order2. Land Reforms3. Educational Reforms4. Labor Reforms5. Government Reorganization6. Economic Reforms7. Social Services

Peace and Order Martial law – to restore peace and order Criminals were either captured and detained or killed

Land Reforms

Exploitation of the poor and landless peasants by their landlords

Presidential Decree No. 2 - proclaiming the “whole country as a reform area”

Presidential Decree No. 27 – abolishes tenancy By the end of martial law in 1981, 532, 153 tenant-farmers

had become owners of rice and corn lands in 45 provinces.

Educational Reforms

Marcos believed that education was a very important role towards the goal of the “New Society”.

President Marcos vowed that his administration “shall educate our children, our men and women, and ourselves.”

Education Development Decree of 1972 – defines a more responsive role for the education system

Labor Reforms

First Labor Day Presidential Decree No. 21 – fast and just settlements of

disputes through the National Labor Relations Commission Presidential Decree 99 – minimum wages for household

helpers Presidential Decree No. 143 – “Blue Sunday Law”

(mandatory rest for every worker once a week) Presidential Decree No. 148 – eliminates anti-employment

provisions of the Woman and Child Labor Law Presidential Decree No. 197 – More effective apprenticeship

programGov’t Reorganization

Presidential Decree No. 1 – “Integrated Reorganization Plan (dismiss corrupt officials) (a total of 6, 655 employees were dismissed)

Economic Reforms

Presidential Decree No. 3 – appropriating funds for public works involving rehabilitation and capital development

Social Services The Marcos Administration extended social services

available to the people, focusing on the people affected by poverty

Aim – to make the people self-reliant and productive1. Health and Nutrition2. Family Planning3. Housing and Human Settlements

Masagana 99 Liberal credit and extension work was the “secret” of

Masagana 99 Educated agricultural technicians Provided farmers with full credit support After 3 years, the Philippines experienced its highest

productivity increase in rice production (1976-1985) Masagana 99 uplifted the lives of the farmers Mobilized government resources to help the farmers in

rural areas (helicopters, etc..) We became the top exporters of rice