Economic Development & Culture The Power of Solar Energy An Introduction to the Opportunities for...

Economic Development & Culture

The Power of Solar EnergyAn Introduction to the Opportunities for

CondosNovember 23rd, 2010

Rob McMonagleSenior Advisor – Green Sector,

Economic Development & Culture, City of Toronto


Presentation Outline

Background on SolarSolar TechnologiesSite ConsiderationsFinancial Support ProgramsOwnership ModelsProject Development, Risks and Expectations


Background on Solar

Shedding a little light on solar energy


Myth – Canada doesn’t have enough sunlight

Canada has more solar energy that the world’s solar leaders (Japan and Germany)


Toronto Receives More Solar Radiation than Miami!

Miami’s solar radiation is reduced in summer due to moisture – solar radiation and air temperature are not directly linked


The Challenge of a Variable Energy Source

Solar Radiation varies through the year

75% of solar energy in 6 warm months

Is it a good mix with the energy needs of the building? Electricity can be fed into the

gridBut thermal energy needs to

be stored/used on site


Just how long has solar been used?

First documented use of solar was in 500BC when Greek city planners oriented buildings south to catch passive solar

Romans used “solar” rooms to grow vegetables in 100 AD

First solar hot water heaters were developed in France in the 1600s

First solar hot water heaters installed in Canada in the 1890s (in BC)


Solar Technologies

One energy source but different technologies


Solar Technologies

Background on Solar“Solar” technologies are really three

technologies that use the same energy sourcePassive Solar – natural energy flow into a buildingPhotovoltaics – direct creation of electricitySolar Thermal – generation of heat

Solar air systems – make up, ventilation and space heatingSolar hot water – process, domestic, pools, space heating


Solar Hot Water

Largest solar market globally is for solar hot water

Small systems dominate the market

Certain countries it is now a requirement so use solar water heating in all new buildings

Estimated that 1 million people are employed in the Chinese solar hot water industry

Facilities Management Division

Fire Hall 212 – Fire Hall 212 – Solar Hot Solar Hot WaterWater

Fire Hall 212Fire Hall 212

Location:Location: ScarboroughScarborough

Address:Address: 8500 Sheppard Ave. E.8500 Sheppard Ave. E.

Technology:Technology: Solar Hot WaterSolar Hot Water

Date Installed:Date Installed: 20072007

Size:Size: 16.2 m16.2 m22

Energy Output:Energy Output: 11.3 kW11.3 kWt t of heatof heat

COCO22 Emission Reductions: Emission Reductions: 2.2 tonnes/year2.2 tonnes/year11


Solar Pool Heating

Largest solar market in North America is for solar pool heating

Economics can be very good – payback of under 10 years without government support

Ideal for seasonal pools

Agincourt Recreation Centre Agincourt Recreation Centre Solar Pool HeatingSolar Pool Heating


Agincourt Recreation CentreAgincourt Recreation Centre

Location:Location: AgincourtAgincourt

Address:Address: 31 Glen Watford Dr.31 Glen Watford Dr.

Technology:Technology: Solar Pool HeatingSolar Pool Heating


Size:Size: 238 m238 m22

Energy Output:Energy Output: 166 kW166 kWt t of heatof heat

COCO22 Emission Reductions: Emission Reductions: 32 tonnes/year32 tonnes/year13


Solar Air Heating

Provides heated makeup air Ideal for large buildings with good south

facing walls High rise buildings are starting to use. TCHC has a number of solar air heating

systems


Scadding Court Community Centre Scadding Court Community Centre Solar Air HeatingSolar Air Heating

Scadding Court Community CentreScadding Court Community Centre

Location:Location: Downtown WestDowntown West

Address:Address: 707 Dundas St. W.707 Dundas St. W.

Technology:Technology: Solar Air HeatingSolar Air Heating


Size:Size: 165 m165 m22

Energy Output:Energy Output: 115 kW115 kWt t of heatof heat



Photovoltaic or solar electricity

Most costly of the solar technologiesHowever the “value” of

electricity is greater than heat

Has the advantage that the energy produced can be fed into the electrical grid – so no on site storage required

Solar electricity is also in line with the demand for electricity – Ontario is summer peaking due to electric air conditioners

Facilities Management Division17

Exhibition Place PV Project – Phase IExhibition Place PV Project – Phase I

Location:Location: Exhibition PlaceExhibition Place

Address:Address: Horse PalaceHorse Palace

Technology:Technology: PhotovoltaicsPhotovoltaics


Size:Size: 100 kW100 kW

Energy Output:Energy Output: 100,000 kWh/year100,000 kWh/year

COCO22 Emission Reductions: Emission Reductions: 24 tonnes/year24 tonnes/year

Exhibition Place Exhibition Place PhotovoltaicsPhotovoltaics

Economic Development & CultureBuilding Integrated PhotoVoltaics (BIPV)

Huge opportunity in both recladding of large buildings plus in new construction

Cost of BIPV product can be the comparable to the cost other building façade material


F.J. Horgan Water Treatment Plant F.J. Horgan Water Treatment Plant Building Integrated Solar PVBuilding Integrated Solar PV

F.J. Horgan WTPF.J. Horgan WTP

Location:Location: TorontoToronto

Address:Address: F.J. Horgan WTPF.J. Horgan WTP

Technology:Technology: PV – building integratedPV – building integrated


Size:Size: 86 kW86 kW

Energy Output (estimated):Energy Output (estimated): 77,500 kWh/year77,500 kWh/year


Curtain Walls


Site Conditions

All sites are not created equal


Site Conditions for Solar

Its all about 2 things:1. Sunlight

Even 10% shading can reduce PV output by 50%!

Ontario does not have Right to Light legislation – will high rise buildings block your sunlight in the next 10 – 20 years?

2. Building roof structureOntario buildings not designed for

loading of solar arrays on the roof Uplift load from wind Build up of snow around the array


Financial Support Programs

Spreading the wealth


Financial Support Programs

Solar ThermalOntario Solar Thermal Heating

Incentive (OSTHI)Provides a 15% rebate on

commercial solar thermal projects$/kWt

PhotovoltaicsFeed in TariffPays for energy produced over a

20 year contract$/Kwh

Project Size(kW)

Rate (cents/kWh)

<10 80.2

10 - 250 71.3

250- 500 53.9

Ground mount (<10

MW)

44.3


Ownership Models

Do you need to own the solar project?


Ownership Models

Solar ThermalPower Purchase Agreement

Solar company installs and maintains project – client pays for the energy it produces

PhotovoltaicsRoof Leasing – solar company “leases” the roof

and pays owner an agreed upon feeCould be a set fee or based on a % of the income


Project Development

Its not always sunny….

Economic Development & CultureProject Development Considerations

Solar “pays” for itself by the energy it produces over its life – 20-30 years

Proper design, performance monitoring and maintenance are critical

Economic Development & CultureProject Study before you begin to shop…

Energy load analysisOften lack of information on seasonal variances

Occupancy patterns, seasonal energy use (i.e. outdoor pools)

Energy

Prefeasibility Study Modelling of solar performance

Feasibility StudyShade analysis – checking of zoning heights of

adjacent propertiesRoof report – condition of roof, structural support


Performance Verification

Provides verification of savings or energy produced

Web based monitoring is becoming popular allows for billing of solar energy

example – Exhibition Place - http://view2.fatspaniel.net/FST/Portal/TorontoHorsePalace/index.swf


Rob McMonagleSenior Advisor – Green Technology and Green Energy

Economic Development & CultureCity of Toronto

[email protected]

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