Human ResourcePeople are a nation’s ultimate resource

Its people who makes natural things into useful resources

Thus it can be summarized that when people use their intelligence, naturally available things turn into useful resources. So HUMAN BEINGS are also resources.

Healthy, educated and motivated people develop resources as per their requirements.

Human resource is not distributed equally all over the world.

Humans vary in their age, educational levels and sex.

The way in which people are spread across the globe is known as the PATTERN

OF POPULATION DISTRIBUTION.

More than 90% of the world’s population lives in about 10% of the land surface.

The distribution of population is uneven on the globe.

The crowded areas of the globe are,

South and Southeast AsiaEurope

Northeastern North America

Population is less in,

High latitude areas

Deserts

High mountains

Equatorial forests

Population is more in Northern Hemisphere than in

Southern

Almost 3/4 of the world population lives in only 2 continents.

ASIA and AFRICA

World’s most populous countries are:

China

India

USA

Indonesia

Brazil

Pakistan

Bangladesh

Russia

Nigeria

Japan

Density of Population

Population density is the number of people living in a unit area of the Earth’s surface.

Average density of population in India is 324 persons per Square Km

Density of population in Karnataka is 275.6 persons per Square Km

Factors affecting Distribution of population

Topography

Climate

Soil

Water

Minerals

Factors affecting Distribution of population

Social

Areas of better housing, education and health facilities are densely populated.Cultural

Places with religious and cultural significance attract people.

VaranasiJerusalem

EconomicIndustrial areas provide the people

with employment opportunities

Osaka, Japan

Population ChangePopulation change refers to the change in number of people during a specific time.

Population change takes place as a result of births and deaths.

Until the 1800s, the population of the world

grew steadily but slowly.

Large no. of babies were born, but they died early because of poor health services

So, the population increase was very less.

In 1820, the world’s population reached 1 billion

After a hundred and fifty years later, in 1970s, it touched 3 billion

This sudden increase in population in a short span of time is called POPULATION EXPLOSION

After less than 30 years, in 1999, it touched 6 billion

This kind of sudden increase in population was a result of better food supplies and medicine all over the world and reduce in infant mortality rates.

The natural causes of population change are BIRTHS and DEATHS.

The difference between birth rate and death rate is called NATURAL GROWTH OF POPULATION

Birth Rate

The number of live births per 1000 people is called BIRTH RATE

Death Rate

The number of deaths per 1000 people is called DEATH RATE