ECommerce, eBusiness and Internet Architecture. Agenda Introduction and definitions The technology...

eCommerce, eBusiness and Internet Architecture

Agenda

Introduction and definitions The technology landscape The economic premises and the

competitive environment IT as a competitive weapon

Today’s Agenda Definitions Technology Landscape

Information Systems Architecture The Internet

Business Models

eCommerce:

“Business transactions that take place by telecommunication networks. A process of buying and selling products, services, and information over computer networks”

Turban, et al., 2000

eCommerce:

“An online exchange of value”Brad Wheeler, Indiana University

“Digitally enabled commercial transactions between and among organizations and individuals”

Laudon and Traver, 2001

The concept of online buying and selling over a network has been around for more than 20 years. EDI and Minitel are clear examples. Why then the eCommerce “revolution” is taking place right now?

Question…

eCommerce Enabling trends:

Globalization Digitization Pervasive computing Connectivity

Manifestations: Ubiquity and availability Universal open standards Global reach Richness Interactivity Information density Personalized transactions

and customized products

eBusiness

“The digital enablement of transactions and processes within the firm, involving information systems under the control of the firm”

Laudon and Traver, 2001

eBusiness

“Strategic deployment of computer-mediated business tools and information technologies to satisfy business objectives”

Hoffman & Novak, 1996

But also to re-shape them and create new ones

eBusiness

“Fundamentally new ways of doing business … not mere extensions of existing business practices.”

Hoffman & Novak, 1996

Where information and communication technologies

become the fabric of the firm’s business processes

eBusiness Infrastructure

eComm, tip of the iceberg

Modern Strategic IT eCommerce Applications

eBusiness Infrastructure

Becoming mainstream

“In five years there will be no eCommerce, just

Commerce.”Anonymous

“All business will soon be e-business”

Don Tapscott

Classification: Transactions Business-to-Consumer (B2C) Business-to-Business (B2B) Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C) Consumer-to-Business (C2B) Peer-to-peer (P2P) M-commerce U-commerce

Company structure

Bricks and mortar Pure play (e.g., Amazon.com)

Independent venture of established organization (e.g., Barnsandnoble.com)

Integrated organization spanning both realms - Bricks and Clicks or Clicks and Mortar (e.g., RiteAid and Drugstore.com)

The building blocks of eBiz

Infrastructure (e.g., ISP, equipment) Integrated business applications Inter-organizational systems (IOS) New organizational forms Business models

Information System Architecture

San Pietro in Vaticano (1505-1593)

Architecture

The art or practice of designing and building structures

Webster Dictionary

IS Architecture

The IS Architecture represents the manner in which the components of an Information System fit together and are deployed to deliver expected information processing capabilities.

IS Architecture

Architecture design: Benefits To general and functional

management To the IS professionals

Architecture design: Risks Architecture as a diagnostic tool

Architecture: components Technical Infrastructure

Hardware infrastructure Software infrastructure

Social Infrastructure Governing bodies Infrastructure management

Applications and Services Software applications and services Data resources

Users

Internet: Hardware infrastructure

Host

Host computers Mainframes Minicomputers Workstations Microcomputers PDAs Smart appliances

Any computer connected to the Internet

Any Internet “node”

Host

Host


Communication Media POTS Cables Fiber optics Satellite (ether)

Dedicated equipment Switches Routers

Source: http://www.UUNET.com/

I wish I could find out how sales are

going.

Yesterday we did well. How will we

do today?


Host

HostHost

Host

Host

It’s hot today, we are selling fast! Increase prices!!

ARAMARK

Internet: Software infrastructure

Server

Server

Server

Client

Client

Client

Client

Client

Client Client

ClientClient

Client

Client/Server Model


www.howstuffworks.com

Telephone NetworkTelephone Network

Circuit Switching


www.howstuffworks.com

Packet Switching


Transmitted DataAddressingPacket

Location

~ 300 bytes

The Packet

Some Examples Tracing the packets (Neotrace) Loosing the packets (Streaming

video)


Universal Open Communication Protocol: TCP/IP


IP address: IP address octets 130.39.100.123 Uniform Resource Locator (URL)protocol://machine_address[:port]/directory/file

Dissecting a URL

http://freeman.tulane.edu/emba/emba.htm

http = protocol (e.g., ftp, http, Telnet).edu = top level domainTulane.edu = domain nameFreeman.tulane.edu = server at domainpmba = a directory on serverpmba.html = a file containing html code

Network Solutions

Obtaining a Domain Name

Piccoli

Who owns Piccoli.com

Maybe they would sell it?

Piccoli.com


Mark-up Languages

HTML HyperText

Markup Language

Cross-platform How information

is displayed Plug-ins


Mark-up Languages

HTML HyperText

Markup Language

Cross-platform How information

is displayed Plug-ins

XML eXtensible Markup

Language Cross-platform Easily customizable The meaning of the

information

Document Type Definition

Defines the content and structure of XML doc.

Accompanies the XML doc

Internet: Social infrastructure

Infrastructure management Distributed private ownership Independent management

Governing bodies Open standards ICANN W3C

Internet: Traditional services

Electronic Mail World Wide Web File Transfer Protocol Telnet Mail Explosion Application Asynchronous Electronic Discussion Synchronous Electronic Discussion

Internet: Future services

Messaging applications Streaming media Voice over IP Wireless Networking

Wireless Web (WAP and iMode) Bluetooth and Wi-Fi (802.11b)

Internet Appliances Software on demand (ASP model)

Internet: Data resources

Distributed data sources Distributed ownership of the data

Conclusion

The IS Architecture represents the manner in which the components of an Information System fit together and are deployed to deliver expected information processing capabilities.

ECommerce, eBusiness and Internet Architecture. Agenda Introduction and definitions The technology...

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