Ecologically and economically sustainable agriculture
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Transcript of Ecologically and economically sustainable agriculture
ECOLOGICALLY AND ECONOMICALLY SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE
Centre for
Sustainable
Agriculture
FARMING BECOMING UNVIABLE Increased costs of cultivation
Increased risk of crop failures
Lower Productivity
Lower price realisation
Drudgery for women
Disguised unemployment
INCREASING THE INCOMES OF THE FARMERS Community Managed Sustainable Agriculture:
basic principles
Regenerative, ecologically sound practices
Organized action by communities in planning, implementing and managing the program
Govt/ngos playing facilitating agency role
Farmer Field School approach
Value chain approach
Reducing the costs of cultivation
Reducing risk of crop failures
Increasing Productivity
Increasing the price realisation
Improving the work efficiency of the farmers/agriculture workers through small farm mechanisation and establishing custom hiring centres
Additional income generating activities
IMPACT Working with 1750 people in 35 villages in two districts (Yavatmal
and Wardha) of Maharashtra
Among them about 724 (41%) are completely pesticide free and about 338 (19%) have become organic and others are in various stages of shift other are in various stages of shift
Pesticide use reduction it was 100% with 1062 farmers which includes 338 organic farmers (amounts to Rs. 53.10 lakhs) and about 70% with the rest (about Rs. 0.32 lakhs).
Fertiliser use reduction: 338 farmers have reduced their fertiliser use by 100% (amounts to Rs. 7.65, lakhs) and about 40% by the rest (amounts to Rs. 13.53).
One producer company currently into production and marketing of seed
Wheat (5.4 tons), Soybean Bengal gram (5.4 tons)
80% good seed realisation
In Andhra Pradesh CSA directly works with 5000 farmers who adopt these practices and 3.5 lakh farmers covering 7.0 lakh acres through Community Managed Sustainable Agriculture during 2005-2008. Currently the program is spread over 36 lakh acres.
COMPARATIVE ECONOMICS (2012-13) Operations Cotton Wheat Soybean Gram
Cost (NPM) Cost (Chemical) Cost (NPM) Cost (Chemical) Cost (NPM) Cost (Chemical) Cost (NPM) Cost (Chemical)
Preparatory Tillage ₹ 3,800.00 ₹ 2,900.00 ₹ 3,000.00 ₹ 2,200.00 ₹ 3,500.00 ₹ 2,700.00 ₹ 3,000.00 ₹ 2,100.00
Seeds Bed Preparation ₹ 550.00 ₹ 200.00 ₹ 300.00 - - ₹ 300.00 ₹ 300.00
Seed & Sowing ₹ 2,400.00 ₹ 2,060.00 ₹ 500.00 ₹ 1,800.00 ₹ 1,800.00 ₹ 1,800.00 ₹ 500.00 ₹ 1,100.00
Nutrient Management ₹ 500.00 ₹ 3,920.00 ₹ 500.00 ₹ 1,500.00 ₹ 500.00 ₹ 850.00 ₹ 500.00 ₹ 1,400.00
Pest and Disease
Management₹ 200.00 ₹ 830.00 ₹ 400.00 - ₹ 200.00 ₹ 1,000.00 ₹ 200.00 ₹ 2,000.00
Intercultural Operation ₹ 2,700.00 ₹ 2,250.00 ₹ 2,800.00 ₹ 900.00 ₹ 2,800.00 ₹ 1,800.00 ₹ 2,800.00 ₹ 1,300.00
Harvesting ₹ 7,000.00 ₹ 6,000.00 ₹ 2,500.00 ₹ 2,500.00 ₹ 2,200.00 ₹ 2,500.00 ₹ 2,200.00 ₹ 2,200.00
Transportation ₹ 1,400.00 ₹ 1,200.00 ₹ 850.00 ₹ 600.00 ₹ 350.00 ₹ 450.00 ₹ 700.00 ₹ 600.00
Dealers margin/storage ₹ 750.00 ₹ 600.00 ₹ 1,400.00 1200 (storage)
Total Cost ₹ 19,300.00 ₹ 19,960.00 ₹ 10,850.00 ₹ 9,500.00 ₹ 11,350.00 ₹ 11,100.00 ₹ 11,600.00 ₹ 11,000.00
Yield (q/acre) 14.00 12.00 17.00 12.00 8.00 9.00 14.00 12.00
Selling price (Rs/q) ₹ 4,000.00 ₹ 4,000.00 ₹ 1,800.00 ₹ 1,600.00 ₹ 3,500.00 ₹ 3,500.00 ₹ 3,000.00 ₹ 3,000.00
Total Returns ₹ 56,000.00 ₹ 48,000.00 ₹ 30,600.00 ₹ 19,200.00 ₹ 28,000.00 ₹ 31,500.00 ₹ 42,000.00 ₹ 36,000.00
Net income ₹ 36,700.00 ₹ 28,040.00 ₹ 19,750.00 ₹ 9,700.00 ₹ 16,650.00 ₹ 20,400.00 ₹ 30,400.00 ₹ 25,000.00
Benefit: Cost 1.90 1.40 1.82 1.02 1.47 1.84 2.62 2.27
Colloboration with women self
help groups, Society for
Elimination of Rural Poverty
and NGOs
2004-05 started with 225
acres in one dist and reached
7 lakh acres in 2007-08 in 18
dist.
A national program called
Mahila Krishi Sashaktikaran
Pariyojana (MKSP) is
launched based on this
experiencce
COMMUNITY MANAGED SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE
0.225 25200 700
1300
2000
2800
3500 3600
0.1 1580
300600
1000
1500 1600 1770
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
Acerage ('000 acres) Farmers ('000)
STATUS OF PESTICIDE UTILIZATION IN DIFFERENT STATES**
States/UTs 2005-06 2006-072007-08 2008-09 2009-10kg/ha
2000-01
kg/ha
2009-10
Punjab 5610 5975 6080 5760 5810 0.98 0.82
Haryana 4560 4600 4390 4288 4070 0.84 0.68
Andhra Pradesh 1997 1394 1541 1381 1015 0.34 0.09
Maharastra 3198 3193 3050 2400 4639 0.17 0.24
Tamil Nadu 2211 3940 2048 2317 2335 0.32 0.45
Gujarat 2700 2670 2660 2650 2750 0.30 0.29
Kerala 571 545 780 272.69 631 0.31 0.26
Karnataka 1638 1362 1588 1675 1647 0.17 0.14
**Source: http://ppqs.gov.in/IpmPesticides.htm MT of active ingredient
REPLICABILITY, SCALABILITY AND SUSTAINABILITY
The basic principles are replicable any where…production practices/models were evolved for Himachal Pradesh, Assam, Odisha, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh etc..
Institutional systems, knowledge management and extension are key for scaling up
Sustainability The farmer groups needs five years of intensive support and five years of handholding support to
become completely self-sustainable
After that beneficiaries would continue to use the practices as it would reduce their costs of cultivation
The capacities of the group and the community resource persons would be built to handle day to activities
They may need regular capacity building updating their knowledge and skills in production, institutional and financial management, marketing etc
By fifth year, the farmer cooperatives starts functioning and can generate enough surpluses to pay for the capacity building services.
VRC1
VRC2
VRC3
VRC4
VRC5
STRATEGIES
Scientific approach:
Focus on agroecological approaches
Evaluation in farmers fields
Mainly based on local situations and resources
Change as ‘Factor 10’
Knowledge based Extension
Using ICT tools: Krishi TV (http://www.krishi.tv)
Incremental change
Viable Community Institutions
Convergence with the ongoing government programmes
Showcasing the success stories
Farmer Service Cente
Integrated services:
• Knowledge
• Inputs
• Market
• Financial
ORGANISATIONAL CAPABILITIES Well experienced agricultural scientists and
field staff
Research on Agroecological practices, participatory breeding and selection of seeds, Quick composting methods, green enterprises like Malkha,
Currently working with 5000 farmers in AP, Maharashtra and Punjab and supporting various groups in Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Odisha, Madhya Pradesh and Bihar
Seed Producer Company registered and is operational at Wardha. Seed production and sales are operational
Sahaja aharam marketing procurement was initiated 4 years back.
www.csa-india.orgwww.krishi.tvwww.agrariancrisis.inFacebook: ramoo.agripageTwitter: ramanjaneyuluGVEmail: [email protected]: 040-27017735, 09000699702