ECO-FIRE-WALL.pdf

TECHNICAL DATA MANUAL FIRE WALLWhen all else fails read the instructions

1sT EDITION 2009

sECTION J

sECTION F - PLUMBER & ELECTRICIAN

J1 ecobrick Fire Wall system

The ecobrick is an aerated autoclaved concrete (AAC) brick. An AAC brick has a principal benefit of being able to withstand direct flame from a fire for a period of four (4) hours as a 90mm thick wall.

Firewalls are a part of the fire protection systems used in large commercial and public buildings. The purpose of these walls is to contain the fire in specific areas so people can safely evacuate to the outside of the building.

The following manual outlines the general nature of fire wall requirements and introduces the practical requirements of building an ecobrick fire wall.

J1.1 What is a fire rating? A fire rating for a wall means that a wall is rated to withstand direct flame for a certain period of time

under specific test conditions. This time is known as the Fire Resistance Level (FRL).

A FRL can also be obtained for a fixture or fitting that penetrates a fire wall.

The FRL is based on the following three criteria;

1 STRUCTURAL ADEQUACY The ability to maintain stability and adequate load bearing capacity when tested in accordance with

Australian Standard AS 1530.4. 2005.

3 INTEGRITY The ability to resist the passage of flames and hot gases when tested in accordance with Australian

Standard AS 1530.4. 2005.

3 INSULATION The ability of a building element to maintain a temperature on the unexposed surface of the element

when tested in accordance with Australian Standard AS 1530.4. 2005.

The FRL is expressed as a set of numbers. i.e. 60/60/60. Each number refers to the time in minutes that the sample withstood during the fire test for each of the above criteria.

For example - 60/60/60 indicate the system did not fail for 60 minutes in Structural Adequacy, Integrity and Insulation.

A dash in an FRL means that there is no requirement for that criterion. For example, 90// means there is no requirement for Integrity and Insulation. Structures such as partition walls are generally classed as non-load bearing walls as they do not have an FRL requirement for Structural Adequacy, for example /60/60.

J1.2 ecobrick FRL

The FRL for ecobrick is 00/240/240 as confirmed by CSIRO test certificate No 603. (ecobrick tests were conducted using a sand and cement mortar adhering the bricks together.)

J2 Design

A fire can create the following dangerous conditions. Flames and heat, smoke and potential collapse of a building.

Fire is not the most dangerous element. Smoke that is confined in a space can cause asphyxiation prior to the effects of the heat and flames.

2

sECTION J - TECHNICAL DATA FIRE WALL

J2.1 General Design Considerations ecobrick on its own is only a part of the overall solution. Good building design brings all of the building

elements together to create an efficient building.

J2.2 Primary design requirements for ecobrick walls ecobrick is a light weight construction product and requires the following considerations to be met at

design stage.

Ensurethestructuralintegrityofthefirewallismaintained.SeesectionsJ3;4;5;6.

Ensureconstructionjointrequirementsandlateralsupportrequirementsaresuitablefortheproject.SeesectionJ8forconstructionjointrequirements.

Ensure structural requirements of fixtures and fittings penetrating the firewall are appropriate; eg. large fire doors may require additional structural support to meet manufacturers requirements.

J3 structural Integrity

A wall that is built specifically to act as a fire wall must maintain its structural integrity for the time period that it is certified. To achieve this, a number of criteria must be met.

This structural integrity is determined by the slenderness ratio of the wall. This ratio is a calculation that determines the maximum height and length of a wall considering the thickness of the materials being used.

These ratios are expressed as maximum heights and lengths for each single leaf wall that is used in a building.

The charts have been created under the following general conditions;

Internalapplication-withoutanywindloads

Continuouswall-noopeningsfordoorsorwindows

Withoutlateralloads

Anyloadsontothewallshouldnotimposehorizontalthrustonthewall

A wall not fitting these general conditions will require a structural engineers certification to ensure its structural performance.

J3.1 Design Considerations The following charts show the height and length ratios to achieve three different FRLs. Even though the

ecobrick is rated at 240 minutes there are ratio variations at 60 and 120 minutes. These differences are shown in the following charts.

3

1.71.85

1.952.15

2.32.55

2.83.15

2.2

2.5

2.8

3.1

3.4

3.7

4

4.3

Unlimited

UnlimitedHeight in metres

Length in metres

S

S

S

S

4

150mm ecobrick - 60min

Max Height (m) Max Length (m)

3.8 Unlimited

4.1 5.35

4.4 5

4.7 4.7

5 4.4

5.3 4.15

5.6 3.9

5.9 3.7

6.2 3.55

6.5 3.4

6.8 3.25

7.1 3.1

7.4 2.95

Unlimited 2.85



5 Unlimited

5.5 7.1

6 6.55

6.5 6

7 5.6

7.5 5.2

8 4.9

8.5 4.6

9 4.35

9.5 4.1

10 3.9

Unlimited 3.1



2.5 Unlimited

2.8 3.5

3.1 3.15

3.4 2.85

3.7 2.65

4 2.45

4.3 2.25

4.6 2.1

4.9 2

Unlimited 1.9



2.2 Unlimited

2.5 3.15

2.8 2.8

3.1 2.55

3.4 2.3

3.7 2.15

4 1.95

4.3 1.85

Unlimited 1.7

J4 Achieving a 60 minute FRL with ecobrick

90mm ecobrick 60min

S = Support

*Graphic representation not to scale

5 J5 Achieving a 120 minute FRL with ecobrick

J6 Achieving a 240 minute FRL with ecobrick

200mm ecobrick -120min


4.6 Unlimited

5.1 6.5

5.6 5.95

6.1 5.45

6.6 5.05

7.1 4.65

7.6 4.35

8.1 4.1

8.6 3.85

9.1 3.65

Unlimited 3.5



2.3 Unlimited

2.6 3.2

2.9 2.85

3.2 2.6

3.5 2.35

3.8 2.15

4.1 2

4.4 1.85

Unlimited 1.75



2.1 Unlimited

2.4 2.8

2.7 2.5

3 2.25

3.3 2.2

3.6 1.85

3.9 1.7

4.2 1.6

Unlimited 1.55



3.5 Unlimited

3.8 4.9

4.1 4.55

4.4 4.25

4.7 3.95

5 3.75

5.3 3.5

5.6 3.35

5.9 3.15

6.2 3

6.5 2.85

6.8 2.75

Unlimited 2.6



3.1 Unlimited

3.4 4.3

3.7 3.9

4 3.6

4.3 3.4

4.6 3.15

4.9 3

5.2 2.8

5.5 2.65

5.8 2.5

6.1 2.4

Unlimited 2.3



4.1 Unlimited

4.6 5.6

5.1 5.1

5.6 4.6

6.1 4.2

6.6 3.9

7.1 3.6

7.6 3.4

8.1 3.2

Unlimited 3.1



2 Unlimited

2.3 2.8

2.6 2.5

2.9 2.2

3.2 2

3.5 1.85

3.8 1.7

Unlimited 1.55



1.8 Unlimited

2.1 2.5

2.4 2.2

2.7 1.9

3 1.7

3.3 1.6

3.6 1.4

Unlimited 1.3

6 J7 Fire Wall Applications General

Section C Fire Resistance of Volume 2 of the Building Code of Australia outlines a number of particular requirements for fire walls.

The Key Functional Statements;

toallowoccupantstimetoevacuatewithoutbeingovercomebytheeffectsofthefire

allowforfirebrigadeintervention

avoiddamagetootherpropertythroughspreadofthefire

Typical fire wall applications;

Commonwallsbetweenbuildings

Atriumareas

FireseparationareasinTheatres,Stagesandpublichalls

Carparkareas

Heatingventilationshafts

Liftwells

Aroundwatertanks

Fireisolationwallsbetweenbuildings

Emergencyaccessareas

Storageofflammablematerials

Pedestrianescape

FireCompartmentsinhospitals

Smokeproofwalls

Stairwells

Liftwells

Separationofemergencyequipment

Airhandlingequipment

Electricitysubstations

Mainswitchboards

7J7.1 Fire wall types ecobrick can accommodate the following wall types;

Singlewall

Cavitywall

Corewall

J7.2 Single wall The single wall is the normal construction method for partition walls and walls enclosing spaces inside

an existing building.

J7.3 Cavity walls Cavity walls improve the overall performance of a wall in a common wall application by adding improved

acoustic and thermal performance to the four hour rating.

Cavity walls for common wall applications.

A 70mm cavity will improve the acoustic performance of the wall system.

Cavity

Single wall with render & set finish or direct stick plaster board for internal partition walls.

Single Wall

The acoustic tests on this single wall with cement render and plaster on both sides provided an Rw of 42.

The illustrated wall has cement render and plaster on both sides and achieved an Rw of58withanRw + Ctr of 53.

8J7.4 Core walls The core wall concept is a way of achieving a high performance wall meeting a number of

different criteria.

The core wall is a 90mm thick ecobrick wall. The four (4) hour FRL meets the most stringent BCA requirements.

Utilising the core wall concept allows a designer to exceed the FRL requirements for internal partition wall systems.

The addition of a minimum width framed wall with a 50mm cavity and covered in a sound board and filled with insulation will boost the walls Rw and Rw + Ctr values.

The remaining exposed brick wall can be surface coated and left exposed or covered with plasterboard for aesthetics (for additional acoustic value) or fibre cement sheet for surface protection.

The following cut away illustration shows graphically the type of wall possible.

The following core wall comprises;

1 90mm ecobrick core wall

2 A 50mm airspace

3 A 55mm metal framed wall

4 Inside the wall sections the addition of 50mm bat insulation for acoustic and thermal benefits

5 The framed wall is clad in a 13mm sound board. (a plasterboard product)

6 The cladding on the other side of the ecobrick wall can be either plasterboard or fibre cement

Steel Frame With One Layer Soundboard - Horizontal Sheeting

Maintain6mmgapbetweensheetandfloor.CaulkallperimeterswithanAustralian approved fire-rated mastic.

Note:Allbuttjointsmustbe backed by studs.

Sta

gger

fixi

ngs

at 2

00m

m

maxcen

treson

buttjoints

300mm max

200mm max

1

2

3

4

5

6

9 J8 Construction

J8.1 Construction Practice Standard construction practice is to be followed when building ecobrick walls.

Primaryrequirementsareasfollows;

Theverticalandhorizontalmortarjointsinthebrickworktobefullyfilledwithmortar

Structuralbuildingmemberscompletelyenclosedbythebrickseg.columns

Wallsarefullheightfromfloortoundersideofroof

AllexpansionandcontroljointstobefilledwithanappropriatefireratedMastic

All fixtures and fittings to have the required fire rating and installed to the manufacturersrecommendations

Firedoorsfittedtothemanufacturersrecommendations

Additional detail are available in the ecobrick Trades Manual - available by request from your ecobrick office.

J8.2 Construction Joints Constructionjointsareanintegralpartofanybuildingandarenecessarytoensurenormalexpansion

and contraction of various building materials occurs without causing damage to the building itself.

Brick Size

Maximum length of continuous

wall before joint is required

300x76x90 6.0m

300x162x90 6.0m

600x200x75 6.0m

600x200x100 6.0m

600x200x150 6.0m

600x200x200 6.0m

600x400x100 6.0m

600x600x100 6.0m

J8.3 Construction Joint Notes

Constructionjointsmayberequiredatwindowanddooropeningstoensuredifferentialmovementdoes not place additional stresses above or around openings

Placement of joints should attempt to balance out areas of walls. Eg A wall that is 8 metreslongshouldhave theconstruction jointat the4metresposition toallowequalmovementof the two sections

Constructionjointsmayrequirepiersupportatthepointoftheconstructionjointtoensurestructuralstability of the whole wall

J8.4 Professional Advice This manual is unable to anticipate every possible firewall problem and can only offer generic advice.

Itisalwaysrecommendedtohaveeveryconstructionprojectdesigned,checkedandverifiedbyaqualified structural engineer.

10

J9 Generic Construction details

Windows, fire doors, hatches and wall penetrations.As per product manufacturers specifications.

Structural columns must be completely isolated from the potential effects of fire.

Typical column detail

Plan view - not to scale

Steel column Ecobrick wall

Typical under roof detail

Metal deck roof

Approved firerated masticwith PE backingstrip

Top Ecobricksmay need to betrimmed tomatch roofslope

Elevation - not to scaleTypical wall expansion joint

EcobricksGlavanisedexpansion tie

Approved fire ratedmastic with PEbacking strip


Typical attachment to existing

Elevation - not to scale

Ecobrick wall

Metal bracket secured to existingwall and extending 150mm into ecobrickwall. Bracket required every 6

Approved fire rated mastic tocomplete joint

Existing wall


Approved fire ratedmastic to seal expansion joint

PE backing strip

Note:

Fire and smoke require onlyminute gaps to pass through into a ceiling space.

Whenafireratedwallmeetsaroof sheet it must be sealedagainst any potential fire or smoke leakage.

Thesejointsareaconstructionjointbetweentwodifferenttypesof materials and an appropriateconstruction sealant should be used.

Typical column detail


Steel column Ecobrick wall

Typical under roof detail

Metal deck roof

Approved firerated masticwith PE backingstrip

Top Ecobricksmay need to betrimmed tomatch roofslope

Elevation - not to scaleTypical wall expansion joint

EcobricksGlavanisedexpansion tie

Approved fire ratedmastic with PEbacking strip


Typical attachment to existing

Elevation - not to scale

Ecobrick wall

Metal bracket secured to existingwall and extending 150mm into ecobrickwall. Bracket required every 6

Approved fire rated mastic tocomplete joint

Existing wall


Approved fire ratedmastic to seal expansion joint

PE backing strip

Note:

Expansionjointsarerequiredfor every six (6) metre straightrun of wall.

Metal bracket secured to existing wall and extending 150mm into ecobrick wall. Bracket required every 6 inches

Existing fire rated floor

ecobrick wall

Approved fire rated mastic to complete joint

Existing fire rated ceilingExisting fire rated wall

One (1) lineal metre

Approved fire rated mastic to seal expansion

Metal bracket secured to existing wall and extending 150mm into ecobrick wall

ecobrick ecobricksApproved fire rated mastic with PE backing strip

Galvanised expansion tie



ecobrick wall










ecobrick wall








11

J10 Reinforced ecobrick Fire Walls

ecobrickcanbehorizontallyreinforcedtoimprovestructuralstability.Thefollowingchartsshowthenewheight and length ratios.

Vertical reinforcing of ecobrick is possible but the reinforcing needs to be applied insitu. The manufacturing process cannot form an opening into the bricks.

Reinforced 90mm ecobrick wall


Reinforced 150mm cobrick wall


Max Height (m) Max Length (m) Max Height (m) Max Length (m) Max Height (m) Max Length (m) Max Height (m) Max Length (m)

2.8 8.9 3.2 8 3.2 8 7.4 8

3.1 6 3.5 7.2 3.5 7.2 7.9 7.55

3.4 4.9 3.8 6.6 3.8 6.6 8.4 7.15

3.7 4.3 4.1 6.2 4.1 6.2 8.9 6.9

4 3.9 4.4 5.9 4.4 5.9 9.4 6.7

4.3 3.7 4.7 5.7 4.7 5.7 9.9 6.55

Unlimited 2.4 Unlimited 4 Unlimited 4 Unlimited 5.4

J10.2 Reinforced Walls Structural notes The addition of horizontal reinforcing rods will improve the structural strength of an ecobrick wall.

The addition of brick piers and intersecting walls will also improve the structural strength of an ecobrick wall.

The effects of this additional reinforcing can only be calculated by a structural engineer to meet the overall structural design and load requirements of the building.

J10.3 Reinforcement details The masonry standard AS3700 has minimum steel and cover requirements for reinforcing

going into a masonry. To achieve the required structural strength AS3700 nominates the quantity and placement of the reinforcing.

ecobrick Thickness Reinforcing Bar Diameter Quantity Required

SeediagramJ1for reinforcing spacing

90mm 8mm 1

100mm 8mm 1

150mm 8mm 2

200mm 8mm 2

J10.1 Practical application To achieve the required centre to centre spacings for the reinforcing, two consecutive

courses must have reinforcing and the third course can be left without reinforcing.

This pattern to continue up the wall. Ensure the top course has reinforcing.

Diagram J1

Every third course without reinforcing.

Twocourseswith2x8mm galvanised reinforcing rods.

There must be sufficient mortar surrounding the bars to prevent air and moisture reacting with the bar.

First course mortar only to ensure bricks startedsquareandhorizontal.

S

6.556.7

7.157.55

8

7.4

7.9

8.4

8.9

9.4

9.9

Unlimited

5.4

6.9

S

Height in metres Length in metres

S

S200mm

S = Support

Example of a Reinforced 200mm ecobrick wall

*Graphic representation not to scale

Warranty

Advanced Concrete Technologies warrants its products to be free from defects caused by faulty manufacture or materials. If any of its products are so defective the Company will at its option, repair or replace them, supply equivalent replacement products or reimburse the purchase price.

The warranty shall not apply to any loss or consequential loss suffered through or resulting from defects caused by faulty manufacture or materials.

Fittings or accessories supplied by third parties is beyond the control of Advanced Concrete Technologies and such is not warranted by Advanced Concrete Technologies.

Copyright 2008 Advanced Concrete Technologies

ecobrick is a trademark of Advanced Concrete Technologies, its subsidiaries and affiliates.# Some images are used for illustration purposes only.

Advanced Concrete Technologies ABN: 62 005 736 005

Cnr Cook and Bannister Roads Canning Vale I WA I 6155

PO Box 1408 I Canning Vale I WA I 6155

t 08 9334 4750 f 08 9334 4751 e [email protected] w ecobrick.com.au SB0

9015

25EC

O

General disclaimerThe information presented in this manual is general by nature and no liability is accepted by Advanced Concrete Technologies in its use. Advanced Concrete Technologies recommends that the advice of a registered builder or structural engineer be sought for any major building works prior to commencement of the works.

Codes & StandardsThe Australian Building Codes Board (ABCB) sets national minimum construction standards through the Building Code of Australia.

ThefiresafetystandardsarecontainedinBCAVolume2;SectionC,Page91(BCA2008edition)forClass2 to 9 buildings

Fire safety requirements for Class 1 buildings can be found in BCA Volume 1; Part 2.3, page 61 (BCA 2008edition)

Australian Standard AS3700-2001MasonryStructures. Section6.3forStructuralAdequacy

Section6.4forIntegrity

Section6.5forInsulation

Australian Standard AS1530.4 - 2005 Testingproceduresformasonrywalls

Slenderness Charts byStructerreConsultingEngineers,1ErindaleRoadBalcattaWA.6021www.structerre.com.au

Example of 600mm x 600mm x 100mm ecobricks in a fire wall to separate a retail tenancy. Detail of

securing the wall to the column showing

expansion joint.

ECO-FIRE-WALL.pdf

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