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Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur

A

Report on

Energy Auditing of My Home

Submitted To - Submitted by –

Dr. Vijayakumar K Gaurav Kumar Jain

Assistant Professor (2011 UEE 1104)

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

MALAVIYA NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY JAIPUR

March 2015

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CONTENTS

SR .No. Contents Page No.

Contents 2

Abstract 3

1 Introduction to Energy audit 4

2 Energy Consumption Analysis 5

3 Application wise analysis 8

4 Equipment wise analysis 9

5 Suggestive measures for reducing energy

consumption

10

6 Recommendations for better energy efficiency 11

7 Conclusion 14

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Abstract

We use energy in our lives everyday. Every activity that we perform requires energy in some

form. Even simple functions like walking to the store or to school require energy. Our homes

are filled with appliances that use electrical energy to work for us. Toasters, microwave ovens,

televisions, and computers are some examples of the appliances we use everyday. These

appliances use different amounts of electrical power, which is measured in Watts. A watt refers

to the rate that the appliance uses electrical energy. We compare total electrical energy used by

an appliance in units called watt-hours. When we pay our electric bill, we pay for the energy

we use, in terms of Kilowatt-hours. To fulfill our problem statement to define a way in which

we can positively affect our futures and that of others we must first identify and understand

how much energy we use in our every day lives. One simple way to determine how much

electricity we use is to identify the appliances that use electricity in our homes and then

calculate the amount of electricity each one uses. We can then add up this electricity to figure

out the total electric energy consumed by our household. We can also compare the electricity

used by different appliances to help us make effective choices when we try to save energy.

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1. Introduction to Energy audit

1.1 What is Energy Audit?

Energy Audit is the key to a systematic approach for decision-making in the area of energy

management.

It attempts to balance the total energy inputs with its use, and serves to identify all the energy

streams in a facility. It quantifies energy usage according to its discrete functions. Industrial

energy audit is an effective tool in defining and pursuing comprehensive energy management

progRAMme.

As per the Energy Conservation Act, 2001, Energy Audit is defined as "the verification,

monitoring and analysis of use of energy including submission of technical report containing

recommendations for improving energy efficiency with cost benefit analysis and an action

plan to reduce energy consumption".

A home energy audit, also known as a home energy assessment, is the first step to assess how

much energy our home consumes and to evaluate what measures we can take to make our

home more energy efficient. An assessment will show us problems that may, when corrected,

save us significant amounts of money over time.

1.2 Objectives of Energy Audit The Energy Audit provides the vital information base for overall energy conservation

program covering essentially energy utilization analysis and evaluation of energy

conservation measures. It aims at:-

Identifying the quality and cost of various energy inputs.

Assessing present pattern of energy consumption in different cost centers of

operations.

Relating energy inputs and production output.

Identifying potential areas of thermal and electrical energy economy.

Highlighting wastage’s in major areas.

Fixing of energy saving potential targets for individual cost centers.

Implementation of measures for energy conservation & realization of savings.

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2. Energy Consumption Analysis: A Case Study

I observed the appliances installed in various locations in my home and listed in a table:-

S

N

Location Appliances Rating Qty. Avg.

Operatin

g Hours

Units/month

1

.

Drawing

Room

CFL

Fluorescent Tube light

Incandescent Bulb

Ceiling Fan

Air Cooler

Television Set

Room heater

18W

40W

15W

60W

160W

100W

900W

1

1

5

1

1

1

1

8

3

0.1

12

5

5

1

4.3

3.6

0.225

21.6

24

15

27

2

.

Room 1 CFL

Fluorescent Tube light

Incandescent Bulb

Ceiling Fan

Air Cooler

Television Set

14W

40W

15W

60W

160W

80W

1

1

1

1

1

1

6

3

8

12

5

5

2.5

3.6

3.6

21.6

24

12

3

.

Room 2 CFL

Fluorescent Tube light

Incandescent Bulb

Ceiling Fan

Air Cooler

Inverter

14W

40W

15W

60W

160W

1

1

4

1

1

1

8

2

0.1

8

5

3.3

2.4

0.180

14.4

24

18

4 Room 3 CFL

Fluorescent Tube light

Incandescent Bulb

Ceiling Fan

Desktop Computer

14W

40W

15W

60W

140W

1

1

1

1

1

4

2

4

4

4

1.7

2.4

1.8

7.2

16.8

6

7

S.

N.

Location Appliances Rating Qty. Avg.

Operatin

g Hours

Units/month

5 Room 4 Fluorescent T.L.

Incandescent Bulb

Ceiling Fan

40W

15W

60W

1

1

1

4

2

4

4.8

0.9

7.2

6 Store

Room 1

Incandescent Bulb 100W

1

0.5 1.5

7 Store

Room 2

Incandescent Bulb 100W 1

0.5 1.5

8 Toilet-1 CFL 14W 1 1 0.5

9 Toilet-2 Incandescent Bulb 60W 1 0.5 0.9

10 Bathroom CFL

Washing machine

Geyser

14W

350W

1500

1

1

1

2

0.5

0.5

1

5.2

22.5

11 Kitchen CFL

Refrigerator

Mixer/Blender

18W

200W

500W

1

1

1

6

24

0.5

3.2

144

7.5

Total 431.9

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3. Application wise Analysis of Energy Consumption: - The application wise distribution of power consumption in my home has been shown in the

Following pie chart:-

Fig: Application wise % Energy Consumption

This chart suggests the major consuming applications like refrigeration, cooling, heating,

lightening etc. From here it can be seen that refrigeration alone is a major contributing factor

in energy consumption if this is replaced with efficient one then more energy saving can be

done.

10.2

11.4

33.3

33.3

% Energy Consumption

Lightening Heating Cooling Refrigerator Other

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4. Equipment wise Energy Consumption:-

Fig: Equipment wise % energy consumption

The results of the equipment wise analysis of power consumption in my home have been

summarized in the pie chart above shown. This chart suggests the major energy consuming

equipments installed in home like heaters, refrigerators, coolers geysers etc. From here it can

be seen if these highly energy consuming equipments are replaced with efficient equipments

then highly energy savings can be done and we can reduce the electricity bill.

3.8 3.9

33.3

16.6

6.25

16.6

5.26.25

8.1

% Energy Consumption

CFL Tube light Refrigerator Air coolers Room heater Ceiling fans Geyser T.V. Others

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5. Suggestive Measures to Reduce Energy Consumption:-

1. Replace seven CFL and five Fluorescent tube lights by LED lamps-

Energy consumption by CFLs in a month = 16.5 Units

Energy consumption by florescent lamps per month= 16.8 Units

If we use 6watt LED in place of CFLs and Fluorescent lamp then energy consumption

per month would be – 6*49*30= 8.8 Units

Energy saving per month= 16.5 + 16.8 - 8.8=24.5 Units

If cost of electricity is RS 6/- per Unit then monthly saving would be RS 147/-

2. Replace refrigerator by five energy star rating one-

Energy consumption by existing refrigerator =144Units

Energy consumption by new refrigerator= 170*24*30=122.4Units

Energy saving per month =144- 122.4= 21.6Units.

Monthly saving= 21.6*6=RS 129.6/-

3. Replace air coolers by efficient one-

Energy consumption by existing air coolers= 3*24=72Units

Energy consumption by efficient new coolers=3*140W*5H*30=63Units

Energy saving per month=72-63=9Units

Monthly saving=9*6= RS 54/-

Total Monthly saving = 147 + 129.6 + 54 = RS 330.6/-

Original Electricity bill= 431.9*6 = RS 2591.4/-

New Electricity bill = 2591.4-330.6= RS 2260.8/-

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6. Recommendation for better energy efficiency:-

Lighting

An average household dedicates about 6% of its energy budget to lighting. Switching to energy-

efficient lighting is one of the fastest ways to cut your energy bills. Timers and motion sensors

save more money by reducing the amount of time lights are on but not being used.

Indoor Lighting

We have many choices in energy-efficient lighting. The most popular light bulbs available are

halogen incandescent, compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs), and light-emitting diodes (LEDs).

Although they can initially cost more than traditional incandescent bulbs, over their lifetime

they save you money because they use less electricity.

Energy-Saving (also called Halogen) Incandescent Lighting

Halogen incandescent light bulbs are simply energy-efficient incandescent bulbs and can last

up to three times longer than traditional incandescent light bulbs. Halogen incandescent come

in a wide range of shapes and colors and can be used with dimmers. Lighting Choices Save

money. Energy-efficient light bulbs are available in a wide variety of sizes and shapes.

CFL Lighting

CFL bulbs last about 10 times longer and use about one-fourth the energy of traditional

incandescent bulbs. A typical CFL can pay for itself in energy savings in less than 9 months

and continue to save money each month. We can buy CFLs that offer the same brightness and

colors as traditional incandescent bulbs. Some CFLs are encased in a cover to further diffuse

the light and provide a similar shape to traditional incandescent bulbs. CFLs contain a very

small amount of mercury and require special handling if they are broken. CFLs should be

recycled at the end of their lifespan. Many retailers recycle CFLs for free.

LED Lighting

LED bulbs are rapidly expanding in household use. ENERGY STAR-qualified LEDs use only

about 20%-25% of the energy and last up to 25 times longer than traditional incandescent bulbs.

They come in a variety of colors, and some are dimmable or offer convenient features such as

daylight and motion sensors. In addition to standard screw-in bulbs, we can use LEDs in desk

lamps, kitchen under-cabinet lighting, and even holiday light strings.

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Indoor Lighting Tips

• Replacing inefficient incandescent bulbs in the home with energy-saving bulbs could save us

about Rs 1800 (150*12) per year. Replace the old incandescent bulbs with ENERGY STAR-

qualified bulbs for the best quality in savings.

•CFL Bulbs ENERGY STAR®-qualified CFLs use about 75% less energy and last up to 10

times longer than traditional incandescent. And LEDs are a new kind of light LED bulbs offer

similar light quality to traditional incandescent, last 25 times as long, and use even less energy

than CFLs. Choose ENERGY STAR-qualified LEDs for the highest quality and energy

savings.

• When remodeling, look for recessed light fixtures or “cans” which are rated for contact with

insulation and are air tight (ICAT rated).

• When replacing incandescent bulbs from recessed light fixtures, use energy-efficient bulbs

that are rated for that purpose. For example, the heat buildup in downlights will significantly

shorten the life of spiral CFLs.

• Consider purchasing ENERGY STAR-qualified fixtures. They are available in many styles,

distribute light more efficiently and evenly than standard fixtures, and some offer convenient

features such as dimming.

• Controls such as timers and photocells save electricity by turning lights off when not in use.

Dimmers save electricity when used to lower light levels. We should select products that are

compatible with the energy efficient bulbs you want to use.

• We should keep curtains or shades open to use day lighting instead of turning on lights. For

more privacy, use light-colored, loose-weave curtains to allow daylight into the room. Also,

decorate with lighter colors that reflect daylight. Outdoor Lighting Many homeowners use

outdoor lighting for decoration and security. A variety of products are available from low-

voltage pathway lighting to motion-detector floodlights. LEDs work well indoors and outdoors

because of their durability and performance in cold environments. Look for LED products such

as pathway lights, step lights, and porch lights for outdoor use. We can also find solar powered

outdoor lighting.

Outdoor Lighting Tips

• Because outdoor lights are usually left on a long time, using CFLs or LEDs in these fixtures

will save a lot of energy. Most bare spiral CFLs can be used in enclosed fixtures that protect

them from the weather.

• CFLs and LEDs are available as flood lights. These models have been tested to withstand the

rain and snow so they can be used in exposed fixtures.

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• We should use ENERGY STAR-qualified fixtures that are designed for outdoor use and come

with features like automatic daylight shut-off and motion sensors.

The label on the illumination products should include:-

• Brightness, measured in lumens

• Estimated yearly energy cost (similar to the Energy Guide label)

• Lifespan

• Light appearance (from warm to cool)

• Energy used, measured in watts.

Like the helpful nutrition label on food products, the Lighting Facts label will help us to

understand exactly what we are buying and to buy the light bulbs that are right for us.

Bathroom

• We should not on and off Geyser repeatedly.

For pumping water for bathing and other purpose induction motors should not be turned off

repeatedly.

• If your hot water has a minimum of 60˚C. This will keep your water nice and warm, and

won’t waste energy.

• Have a shower instead – could have up to five 5 minute showers for the cost of one bath.

Kitchen

• Only fill the Cooking vessels with the amount of water we need.

• We should choose the right size pan when cooking and keep the lid on. Don’t waste energy

by allowing the flames or heat to lick up the side of the pan.

• We should defrost our freezer regularly.

• When using a dishwasher, only use the high temperature wash programs for those really dirty

dishes

Appliances

Appliances account for about 13% of your household’s energy costs, with refrigeration,

cooking, and laundry at the top of the list. When we buy appliances, we should think of two

price tags. The first one covers the purchase price—think of it as a down payment. The second

price tag is the cost of operating the appliance during its lifetime. We’ll be paying on that

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second price tag every month with your utility bill for the next 10 to 20 years, depending on

the appliance. Refrigerators last an average of 12 years; clothes washers about 11 years;

dishwashers about 10 years; and room air conditioners last about 9 years. Every appliance

has two price tags—the purchase price and the operating cost. Consider both when buying a

new appliance. When we shop for a new appliance, we should look for the ENERGY STAR®

7. Conclusion

In present scenario the energy conservation plays an important role, because the consumption

of energy is increasing day by day and the generation is not increasing at a rate compatible with

it. The energy conservation helps in reducing the energy consumption and results in the

conservation of energy as well as savings. By adopting proper measures as suggested in the

report, i.e. de-lamping, replacements etc., energy awareness among the people can be achieved.

It is also reported that the audit was aimed at conservation of energy in homes only. If energy

audit for the commercial buildings is conducted, which includes various other equipments

besides those used in the residential homes, the energy consumption will be more.

Consequently, the quantitative energy conservation will be more after the application of the

energy saving techniques.

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