ECLIPSE Performance Benchmarks  and Profiling

January 2009

2

Note

• The following research was performed under the HPC Advisory Council activities

– AMD, Dell, Mellanox, Schlumberger

– HPC Advisory Council Cluster Center

• For more info please refer to

– www.mellanox.com, www.dell.com/hpc, www.amd.com,

http://www.slb.com/

3

Schlumberger ECLIPSE

• Oil and gas reservoir simulation software

– Developed by Schlumberger

• Offers multiple choices of numerical simulation techniques for

accurate and fast simulation for

– Black-oil

– Compositional

– Thermal

– Streamline

– Others

• ECLIPSE support MPI to achieve high performance and scalability

4

Objectives

• The presented research was done to provide best practices

– ECLIPSE performance benchmarking

– Interconnect performance comparisons

– Ways to increase ECLIPSE productivity

– Understanding ECLIPSE communication patterns

– Power-efficient simulations

5

Test Cluster Configuration – System Upgrade

• Dell™ PowerEdge™ SC 1435 24-node cluster

• Quad-Core AMD Opteron™ Model 2382 processors (“Shanghai”)

• Mellanox® InfiniBand ConnectX® DDR HCAs

• Mellanox® InfiniBand DDR Switch

• Memory: 16GB memory, DDR2 800MHz per node

• OS: RHEL5U2, OFED 1.3 InfiniBand SW stack

• MPI: Platform MPI 5.6.5

• Application: Schlumberger ECLIPSE Simulators 2008.2

• Benchmark Workload

– 4 million cell model ( 2048 200 10) Blackoil 3 phase model with ~ 800 wells

6

Mellanox InfiniBand Solutions

• Industry Standard– Hardware, software, cabling, management– Design for clustering and storage interconnect

• Price and Performance– 40Gb/s node-to-node– 120Gb/s switch-to-switch– 1us application latency– Most aggressive roadmap in the industry

• Reliable with congestion management• Efficient

– RDMA and Transport Offload– Kernel bypass– CPU focuses on application processing

• Scalable for Petascale computing & beyond• End-to-end quality of service• Virtualization acceleration• I/O consolidation Including storage

InfiniBand Delivers the Lowest Latency

The InfiniBand Performance Gap is Increasing

Fibre Channel

Ethernet

60Gb/s

20Gb/s

120Gb/s

40Gb/s

240Gb/s (12X)

80Gb/s (4X)

7

• Performance– Quad-Core

• Enhanced CPU IPC• 4x 512K L2 cache• 6MB L3 Cache

– Direct Connect Architecture• HyperTransport™ technology • Up to 24 GB/s peak per processor

– Floating Point• 128-bit FPU per core• 4 FLOPS/clk peak per core

– Integrated Memory Controller• Up to 12.8 GB/s• DDR2-800 MHz or DDR2-667 MHz

• Scalability– 48-bit Physical Addressing

• Compatibility– Same power/thermal envelopes as 2nd / 3rd generation AMD Opteron™ processor

7 November5, 2007

PCI-E® Bridge

PCI-E® Bridge

I/O HubI/O Hub

USBUSB

PCIPCI

PCI-E® Bridge

PCI-E® Bridge

8 GB/S

8 GB/S

Dual ChannelReg DDR2

8 GB/S

8 GB/S

8 GB/S

Quad-Core AMD Opteron™ Processor

8

Dell PowerEdge Servers helping Simplify IT

• System Structure and Sizing Guidelines– 24-node cluster build with Dell PowerEdge™ SC 1435 Servers

– Servers optimized for High Performance Computing environments

– Building Block Foundations for best price/performance and performance/watt

• Dell HPC Solutions– Scalable Architectures for High Performance and Productivity

– Dell's comprehensive HPC services help manage the lifecycle requirements.

– Integrated, Tested and Validated Architectures

• Workload Modeling– Optimized System Size, Configuration and Workloads

– Test-bed Benchmarks

– ISV Applications Characterization

– Best Practices & Usage Analysis

9

ECLIPSE Performance Results - Interconnect

• InfiniBand enables highest scalability – Performance accelerates with cluster size

• Performance over GigE and 10GigE is not scaling – Slowdown occurs beyond 8 nodes

Lower is better Single job per cluster size

Schlumberger ECLIPSE (FOURMILL)

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

4 8 12 16 20 22 24

Number of Nodes

Elap

sed

Tim

e (S

econ

ds)

GigE 10GigE InfiniBand

10

ECLIPSE Performance Results - Interconnect

• InfiniBand outperforms GigE by up to 500% and 10GigE by up to 457%– As node number increases, bigger advantage is gained

Schlumberger ECLIPSE (InfiniBand vs GigE & 10GigE)

0%

100%

200%

300%

400%

500%

600%

4 8 12 16 20 22 24

Number of Nodes

Perfo

rman

ce A

dvan

tage

GigE 10GigE

11

ECLIPSE Performance Results - Productivity

• InfiniBand increases productivity by allowing multiple jobs to run simultaneously– Providing required productivity for reservoir simulations

• Three cases are presented– Single job over the entire systems– Four jobs, each on two cores per CPU per server – Eight jobs, each on one CPU core per server

• Eight jobs per node increases productivity by up to 142%

Higher is better InfiniBand

Schlumberger ECLIPSE (FOURMILL)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

8 12 16 20 22 24Number of Nodes

Num

ber o

f Job

s

1 Job per Node 4 Jobs per Node 8 Jobs per Node

12

ECLIPSE Performance Results - Productivity

• InfiniBand offers unparalleled productivity compared to Ethernet– GigE shows performance decrease beyond 8 nodes– 10GigE demonstrates no scaling beyond 16 nodes

4 Jobs on each nodeHigher is better

Schlumberger ECLIPSE (FOURMILL)

0

50

100

150

200

250

4 8 12 16 20 22

Number of Nodes

Num

ber o

f Job

s

GigE 10GigE InfiniBand

13

ECLIPSE MPI ProfiliingMPI_Isend

0

2

4

6

8

10

[0..128B] [128B..1KB] [1..8KB] [8..256KB] [256KB..1M] [1M..Infinity]

Num

ber o

f Mes

sage

s (M

illio

ns)

Message Size

4nodes 8nodes 12nodes 16nodes 20nodes 24nodes

ECLIPSE Profiling – Data Transferred

14

ECLIPSE MPI ProfiliingMPI_Recv

01234567

[0..128B] [128B..1KB] [1..8KB] [8..256KB] [256KB..1M] [1M..Infinity]

Num

ber

of M

essa

ges

(Mill

ions

)

Message Size

4nodes 8nodes 12nodes 16nodes 20nodes 24nodes

ECLIPSE Profiling – Data Transferred

15

Eclipse MPI Profiliing

30%

40%

50%

60%

4 8 12 16 20 24

Number of Nodes

Per

cent

age

of M

essa

ges

MPI_Isend < 128 Bytes MPI_Isend < 256 KBMPI_Recv < 128 Bytes MPI_Recv < 256 KB

ECLIPSE Profiling – Message Distribution

• Majority of MPI messages are large size• Demonstrating the need for highest throughput

16

Interconnect Usage by ECLIPSE

• Total server throughput increases rapidly with cluster size

Data Sent

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1 45 89 133 177 221 265 309 353 397 441 485 529 573 617 661 705 749 793

Timing (s)

Dat

a Tr

ansf

erre

d (M

B/s

)

4 Nodes 8 Nodes

16 Nodes 24 Nodes

This data is per node based

Data Sent

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1 146 291 436 581 726 871 1016 1161 1306 1451 1596 1741 1886 2031

Timing (s)

Dat

a Tr

ansf

erre

d (M

B/s

)

Data Sent

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1 86 171 256 341 426 511 596 681 766 851 936 1021 1106 1191

Timing (s)

Dat

a Tr

ansf

erre

d (M

B/s

)

Data Sent

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1 48 95 142 189 236 283 330 377 424 471 518 565 612 659 706 753 800 847

Timing (s)

Dat

a Tr

ansf

erre

d (M

B/s

)

17

ECLIPSE Profiling Summary - Interconnect

• ECLIPSE was profiled to determine networking dependency • Majority of data transferred between compute nodes

– Done with 8KB-256KB message size– Data transferred increases with cluster size

• Most used message sizes– <128B messages – mainly synchronizations– 8KB-256KB – data transferring

• Message size distribution– Percentage of smaller messages (<128B) slightly decreases with cluster size– Percentage of mid-size messages (8KB-256KB) increases with cluster size

• ECLIPSE interconnects sensitivity points – Interconnect latency and throughput for <256KB message range– As node number increases, interconnect throughput becomes more critical

18

Power Consumption

0200400600800

100012001400160018002000

Pow

er p

er J

ob (W

h)

GigE 10GigE InfiniBand

Power Consumption/Productivity Comparison

• InfiniBand enables power efficient simulations• Reducing system power/job consumption up to 66% vs GigE and 33% vs 10GigE

– For productivity case – 4 jobs per node– When using single job approach, InfiniBand reduces power/job consumption by more

than 82% compared to 10GigE

66%

33%

4 Jobs on each node

19

Conclusions

• Eclipse is widely used to perform reservoir simulation– Developed by Schulmberger

• ECLIPSE performance and productivity relies on– Scalable HPC systems and interconnect solutions

– Low latency and high throughout interconnect technology

– NUMA aware application for fast access to memory

– Reasonable job distribution can dramatically improve productivity• Increasing number of jobs per day while maintaining fast run time

• Interconnect comparison shows– InfiniBand delivers superior performance and productivity in every cluster size

– Scalability requires low latency and “zero” scalable latency

• InfiniBand enables lowest power consumption per job– Optimizing power/job ratio

2020

Thank YouHPC Advisory CouncilHPC@mellanox.com

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