EchinoideaHarrison Cassidy, Lauren Bower, Renée Carew, Tosin

Fashoranti

Introduction Phylum Echinodermata

Regular and Irregular

Found in all intertidal zones

~1000 known species

Evolutionary History Regular echinoids• 450 million years ago during the

Ordovician Period

Irregular echinoids

Ancestral deuterostome

Believed to evolve from the edioasteriods

Edrioasteroids

Regular Echiniods Water vascular system

Locomotion Respiration Food an waste transportation

Aristotle’s lantern

Bilateral symmetry

Test (aka the shell)

Movable spines

Inhabit the ocean floor

Omnivores

Irregular Not formally a group

Penta-radial & bilateral symmetry

Anus on the side rather than apex

Heart Urchin About 2 inches in diameter

Muddy areas, burrowing up to 6 inches

Most common in depths under 160ft

Sand Dollar Shallow, sandy areas

Flattened

Miniature spines (felt like)

Aristotle’s Lantern (mouth) more flat & grinds sand

Bury themselves for defense

Life Cycle There are two types of life cycles:

Planktotrophy Lecithotrophy

Several eggs are externally fertilized in the water column

Larval phase Echinopluteus

Planktotrophy

Echinopluteus

Fewer eggs that are larger The eggs are externally fertilized in the

mother’s pouch No larval phase

Lecithotrophy

Fun facts

The red sea urchin can live up to 200 years or longer.

Sea urchin eggs are commonly eaten in sushi.

Sea urchins are also called “sea heghogs”.

They have a large fossil record due to the high calcium content in their shells.

Bibliography "The Echinoid Directory." - Natural History Museum. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Mar. 2014.

http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/research/projects/echinoid-directory/intro/introduction.html

"Animal Diversity Web." Animal Diversity Web. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Mar. 2014. <http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Echinoidea/>.

"Introduction to the Echinoidea." The Echinoidea. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Mar. 2014. http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/echinodermata/echinoidea.html

Follo, Judy. "Animal Diversity Web." Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan, n.d. Web. 24 Mar. 2014. http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Echinoidea/

"Investigation." Sea Urchin. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Mar. 2014. <http://tolweb.org/treehouses/?treehouse_id=4881>.

"Class Echinoidea." Class Echinoidea. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Mar. 2014. <http://encina.pntic.mec.es/~nmeb0000/invertebrates/equinodermos/gruposequinodermos/equinoideos.html>.

Heart Urchin. Digital image. Heart Urchin. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Mar. 2014. <http://www.afsc.noaa.gov/race/media/photo_gallery/invert_files/Heart_urchin.htm>.

Kroh, A. & Mooi, R. (2011). World Echinoidea Database. Available online at http://www.marinespecies.org/echinoidea[accessed 2014-03-30].

Living Sand Dollar. Digital image. Panoramio. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Mar. 2014. <http://www.panoramio.com/photo/20966104>.

Long Post Central. Digital image. (Sand Dollars!  Actually a Sort of Sea Urchin! For...). N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Mar. 2014. <http://stuckinabucket.tumblr.com/post/53620165374/sand-dollars-actually-a-sort-of-sea-urchin-for>.

"The Echinoid Directory." - Natural History Museum. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Mar. 2014. <http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/research/projects/echinoid-directory/intro/introduction.html>.

"Major Phyla Of Animals." Animal Phyla. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Mar. 2014. <http://waynesword.palomar.edu/trnov01.htm>.

"The Heart Urchin." Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Mar. 2014. <http://www.sms.si.edu/IRLFieldGuide/Moira_atropo.htm>.