ECDLECDLModule 1 About ComputersModule 1 About Computers

Information Technology or ICT is Information Technology or ICT is everything to do with Computers Internet everything to do with Computers Internet

and computer Networks.and computer Networks.

Summarize all slides for test at the end Summarize all slides for test at the end of this module.of this module.

For homework try out what you learned For homework try out what you learned on your home or school PC’s.on your home or school PC’s.

Information TechnologyInformation Technology

Using computer systems to Using computer systems to research, gather, store, research, gather, store,

compare, analyze data by compare, analyze data by businesses and people.businesses and people.

CH 1 About ComputersCH 1 About Computers

1.1. Concepts of computersConcepts of computers

2.2. Parts and types of computersParts and types of computers

3.3. HardwareHardware

4.4. MemoryMemory

5.5. In put and out put devicesIn put and out put devices

6.6. SoftwareSoftware

7.7. Information NetworksInformation Networks

2.Types of Computers2.Types of ComputersPC Personal ComputerPC Personal Computer

Palm Top. Palm Top. E.g.. HpE.g.. Hp

Smart phonesSmart phones

TabletsTablets

Laptops and MiniLaptops and Mini

Mainframe computersMainframe computers

Smart TelevisionsSmart Televisions

ATM’sATM’s

ServersServers

Key computer termsKey computer terms

CD RW. Compact disk re writeCD RW. Compact disk re write

DTP?DTP?

DVD?, GUI?DVD?, GUI?

HTML?, HTTP?HTML?, HTTP?

Light penLight pen

WYSIWYG?WYSIWYG?

URL?URL?

Use of computersUse of computersAt home I pods, I Phones, anything automatic, At home I pods, I Phones, anything automatic, remote controls, alarm systems etc.remote controls, alarm systems etc.

Internet on your personnel computer for Internet on your personnel computer for shopping, looking for info, booking things, shopping, looking for info, booking things, downloading things and selling things with downloading things and selling things with your own website.your own website.

IN BUSINESSIN BUSINESS– Filing e.g. database managementFiling e.g. database management

HISTORY OF COMPUTERHISTORY OF COMPUTER

1980-1980-

2013-2013-

2020-2020-

Concepts Of ComputersConcepts Of Computers

HardwareHardware = All the physical things of a = All the physical things of a computer, e.g. : keyboard, mouse etc.computer, e.g. : keyboard, mouse etc.

SoftwareSoftware = Program used to run the = Program used to run the computer, e.g. : Microsoft Windows, computer, e.g. : Microsoft Windows, Office Apple, Android operating systems Office Apple, Android operating systems etc.etc.

Operating systemsOperating systems = = e.g. Win 98, Win e.g. Win 98, Win XP, Win Vista, Win 7, Win 8, Windows 10XP, Win Vista, Win 7, Win 8, Windows 10

Microsoft OfficeMicrosoft Office = Applications such as Word, = Applications such as Word, Excel, Outlook, PowerPoint, Access databasesExcel, Outlook, PowerPoint, Access databases

Computer ApplicationsComputer ApplicationsOperating systems are usually run by Microsoft like Operating systems are usually run by Microsoft like XP or Net 7 and the systems help to run the XP or Net 7 and the systems help to run the applications, software and programs.applications, software and programs.

The application are those things found in Microsoft The application are those things found in Microsoft Office 2003 or 2007.Office 2003 or 2007.

Word – Makes documents, tables etc.Word – Makes documents, tables etc.

Spreadsheet- Microsoft excel is the most common is Spreadsheet- Microsoft excel is the most common is used when dealing with numbers, databases, used when dealing with numbers, databases, accounts, charts etc.accounts, charts etc.

Presentations e.g. PowerPoint. Used to make fancy Presentations e.g. PowerPoint. Used to make fancy presentations for class like were using now.presentations for class like were using now.

Graphics: Graphs once info is entered by usersGraphics: Graphs once info is entered by users

Parts and Types Of ComputersParts and Types Of Computers

Mainframe computers are large Mainframe computers are large computers used by banks and computers used by banks and governments left on 24 hours a daygovernments left on 24 hours a day

Servers or network computers are Servers or network computers are computers that manage support and computers that manage support and protect a computer network 24 hrs a day protect a computer network 24 hrs a day and run and host websitesand run and host websites

Most types of computer need a system Most types of computer need a system to run software off. Some use windows, to run software off. Some use windows, some Apple and some google Android some Apple and some google Android operating systems.operating systems.

HardwareHardwareCPUCPU (Central Processing Unit) Is The (Central Processing Unit) Is The brains of the computer.brains of the computer.

The speed is measured in gigahertz. A The speed is measured in gigahertz. A billion pulses per secondbillion pulses per second

The part of the CPU areThe part of the CPU are– ALUALU ( Arithmetic Logic Unit) carries out the ( Arithmetic Logic Unit) carries out the

calculations on the computercalculations on the computer– Immediate access memory is where data Immediate access memory is where data

used by ALU is saved.used by ALU is saved.– Control UnitControl Unit = to help put instructions into the = to help put instructions into the

correct sequencescorrect sequences

-Central Processing Unit-Central Processing UnitThis is made up of a memory unit – RAM Random This is made up of a memory unit – RAM Random Access Memory (for running programs at speed) and Access Memory (for running programs at speed) and Hard drives (for saving files). Terabits are biggest Hard drives (for saving files). Terabits are biggest then gigabits, then MB, then bytes.then gigabits, then MB, then bytes.The cpu is the brains of the computer. It interprets The cpu is the brains of the computer. It interprets and processes information. E.g. Intel Pentium. It is and processes information. E.g. Intel Pentium. It is governed by a clock.governed by a clock.Its made up of the ALU : Arithmetic Logic Unit (Does Its made up of the ALU : Arithmetic Logic Unit (Does all the math's operations of the computer)all the math's operations of the computer)Control Unit: works out the instructions of the Control Unit: works out the instructions of the computer.computer.Memory unit: ROM Read Only Memory RAM Memory unit: ROM Read Only Memory RAM Random Access memoryRandom Access memory

MemoryMemoryRAMRAM (Random Access Memory) : The main (Random Access Memory) : The main memory of a compute a.k.a working memory of a compute a.k.a working memorymemoryROMROM (Read only memory) Program that is (Read only memory) Program that is burnt onto computer chips at production burnt onto computer chips at production stage. It can’t be changed. If you have no stage. It can’t be changed. If you have no operation system downloaded then the operation system downloaded then the words that come up on the computer are words that come up on the computer are from the ROM.from the ROM.Cache memoryCache memory = special memory linked to = special memory linked to the CPU. It stores data that is frequently the CPU. It stores data that is frequently used. e.g. : passwords and your details used. e.g. : passwords and your details Hotmail, g-mailHotmail, g-mail

Output devicesOutput devicesPlotters = are printers, used by architects, used to make Plotters = are printers, used by architects, used to make detailed drawings.detailed drawings.LED‘s = Light Emitting Diodes. Light on your calculator, LED‘s = Light Emitting Diodes. Light on your calculator, light on keyboardlight on keyboardVDU’s = Video display unitsVDU’s = Video display units

They can be 14” to 24” in size They can be 14” to 24” in size The refresh rate is the number of times per second that the image is The refresh rate is the number of times per second that the image is drawn on the screendrawn on the screenLCD = liquid crystal display volts are applied to areas on the screen LCD = liquid crystal display volts are applied to areas on the screen making crystal turn dark light is shun through the back panel into the making crystal turn dark light is shun through the back panel into the crystal. TFT (Thin Film Transistor)crystal. TFT (Thin Film Transistor)

Speech helper = This is software that makes text into Speech helper = This is software that makes text into speech, use for special needsspeech, use for special needsSpeakers = make the noise louder or smallerSpeakers = make the noise louder or smallerTouch screen can be input or output device = e.g. sat Touch screen can be input or output device = e.g. sat nav.nav.

SoftwareSoftware

Systems software (e.g. operating systems: Systems software (e.g. operating systems: windows, Unix, apple mac)windows, Unix, apple mac)

Operating System (Apple IOS)= saves and Operating System (Apple IOS)= saves and loads data and programsloads data and programs– Memory managementMemory management– Message displaysMessage displays– Password protection Password protection

Application softwareApplication software

A program is written to do a certain job (e.g. A program is written to do a certain job (e.g. word, excel)word, excel)For doing accounts you may use accounting For doing accounts you may use accounting software of excel (e.g.. sage accounts or excel)software of excel (e.g.. sage accounts or excel)GUI (Graphical User Interface) = this is the GUI (Graphical User Interface) = this is the programming that makes windows, icons, programming that makes windows, icons, menus, pointers. (e.g. wimp)menus, pointers. (e.g. wimp)Systems development = computer people Systems development = computer people analyse and design and develop a system (e.g. analyse and design and develop a system (e.g. at the testing stage of MS they try to de-bug the at the testing stage of MS they try to de-bug the problems then update OS.problems then update OS.

Input & Output devicesInput & Output devicesQwerty keyboardsQwerty keyboardsCtrl, Alt + 4 gives €Ctrl, Alt + 4 gives €Mouse=moves the cursor around the Mouse=moves the cursor around the screenscreenTrackball=acts the same as a mouse but Trackball=acts the same as a mouse but is shaped as a ballis shaped as a ballTouchpad=acts as a mouse but with your Touchpad=acts as a mouse but with your touchtouchLight pen=infrared penLight pen=infrared penScanners=copies words into your Scanners=copies words into your computercomputerJoysticks= input controlJoysticks= input controlMicrophones =allows speech to control the Microphones =allows speech to control the software and the actions of the computersoftware and the actions of the computerDigital cameras=converts images onto Digital cameras=converts images onto your computer your computer

5: Output Devices5: Output Devices

Plotters are printers used by architects used to make Plotters are printers used by architects used to make detailed drawings.detailed drawings.LED’s are light emitting diodesLED’s are light emitting diodesVDU’s are video display units. VDU’s are video display units. – They can 14 to 24 inches.They can 14 to 24 inches.– The refresh rate is the number of times per second that the The refresh rate is the number of times per second that the

image is drawn on the screen. (hertz)image is drawn on the screen. (hertz)– LCD = liquid crystal display. Volts are applied to areas on LCD = liquid crystal display. Volts are applied to areas on

the screen making the crystal turn dark. Light is shun the screen making the crystal turn dark. Light is shun through the back panel into the crystals. TFT = thin film through the back panel into the crystals. TFT = thin film transistor is an advanced type of LCD.transistor is an advanced type of LCD.

Information NetworksInformation NetworksLAN=local area network which links computers networks togetherLAN=local area network which links computers networks togetherPeer to peer=getting two computers to communicate togetherPeer to peer=getting two computers to communicate togetherClients sever networkClients sever networkWAN=wide area network which is the same as LAN but much bigger e.g.. WAN=wide area network which is the same as LAN but much bigger e.g.. WorldwideWorldwideWAN E.g. bank atmWAN E.g. bank atmIntranet=internet but are owned by a private companies EG. OracleIntranet=internet but are owned by a private companies EG. OracleExtranet=employees can access the network remotely from homeExtranet=employees can access the network remotely from homeInternet= is a network of computers around the world using phone lines, Internet= is a network of computers around the world using phone lines, optic fibre cables, wireless, satellitesoptic fibre cables, wireless, satellitesWWW=world wide web which is the address that come up on the world WWW=world wide web which is the address that come up on the world internet.internet.File Transfer Protocol=allows uploading and downloading of files onto File Transfer Protocol=allows uploading and downloading of files onto website serverwebsite serverWEB SEVER=company you can pay money to upload and maintain your WEB SEVER=company you can pay money to upload and maintain your websitewebsiteHTTP=hyper text transfer protocol=it helps connect you to the internet file HTTP=hyper text transfer protocol=it helps connect you to the internet file neededneededSearch engine= e.g.. Google= to find info and websites etc.Search engine= e.g.. Google= to find info and websites etc.

Set upSet upModem= connects the computer to the telephone Modem= connects the computer to the telephone lines. Often a card plugged into the back of the lines. Often a card plugged into the back of the computer. Uses digital signals. Or wireless computer. Uses digital signals. Or wireless through your TV company and then wirelessthrough your TV company and then wireless

Internet server provider= eircom, sky, upcInternet server provider= eircom, sky, upc

PSTN=public switched telephone networkPSTN=public switched telephone network

ISDN= was designed for transmitting digital rather ISDN= was designed for transmitting digital rather than analogue signalsthan analogue signals

CAT 5 Optic fibre cable e.g. UPCCAT 5 Optic fibre cable e.g. UPC

7: Graphical User Interface7: Graphical User Interface

Use the programming that makes Use the programming that makes windows, icons, menus, pointers, e.g.. windows, icons, menus, pointers, e.g.. W.I.M.P. W.I.M.P.

Systems development computer people Systems development computer people analyse what's needed then develop the analyse what's needed then develop the system e.g.. at the testing stage at system e.g.. at the testing stage at Microsoft they try to debug the system.Microsoft they try to debug the system.

BrowsersBrowsers

A global network of computersA global network of computers

Connected with telephone, modems, wireless Connected with telephone, modems, wireless and cabling.and cabling.

Internet Service Provider. Most well known is Internet Service Provider. Most well known is eircom.eircom.

WWW means world wide web and it’s a tool for WWW means world wide web and it’s a tool for accessing the webaccessing the web

You also need a browser e.g. internet explorer 8You also need a browser e.g. internet explorer 8

ConclusionsConclusions

Differences between software, hardware, Differences between software, hardware, Operating Systems and Internet lines.Operating Systems and Internet lines.

Memory and parts of a computerMemory and parts of a computer

Input versus Output devicesInput versus Output devices

Types of SoftwareTypes of Software

Computer networksComputer networks

Setting up your computer to the internet.Setting up your computer to the internet.

Windows 10 changes

Video link for windows movie maker

QuestionsQuestionsExplain what information technology is?Explain what information technology is?What s types of computers are there?What s types of computers are there?What does an operating system do?What does an operating system do?Discuss the differences between hardware and software Discuss the differences between hardware and software and give e.g'sand give e.g'sOutline the differences between input devices and output Outline the differences between input devices and output devices and give e.g’s!devices and give e.g’s!Explain Memory types and examplesExplain Memory types and examplesSummarise what the CPU is and what does it do?Summarise what the CPU is and what does it do?Explain Applications and give examplesExplain Applications and give examplesWhat are computer networks and write down the different What are computer networks and write down the different typestypesHow would you set up your home computer to the How would you set up your home computer to the internet?internet?

Further Win 10 researchFurther Win 10 research

Learn more about windows 10 here