EBI-1 Biblical Archaeology
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Transcript of EBI-1 Biblical Archaeology
BIBLICAL ARCHAEOLOGYElements of Biblical Interpretation
BIBLICAL ARCHAEOLOGY
• The Bible’s History is inspired, so it is the key to piecing together archaeological findings (maximalist view vs. Minimalist view).
• We piece together findings from archaeology, and then interpret them according to the eyewitness account God has given us.
• Only the Bible has an unchanging account of history past, present, and future.
•Everything happened somewhere (that is Geography), and sometime (that is History); and when you combine those two ideas into the Land of the Book you get Biblical Archaeology (finding remains of where things happened and when).
•To God the single most important geographic location on Earth is where Christ was Dedicated by His parents, where He taught many of His key teachings, where He was Tried, Condemned, Crucified & Buried, where He Rose, where He Ascended, where His Church was born, and where He will Return at His Second Coming.
•That location for those seven key events to God, is Jerusalem.
• So, to understand Biblical Archaeology: all of the Land of the Book, and especially Jerusalem, are very important.
• To explain simple Biblical Archaeology, we would take the Scriptures and apply the historical framework God's Word presents, and sort all of the various archaeological remains into their Biblical Context.
• To use Jerusalem as an example, the surface of the ground would be the present and then the deeper you go, the more levels of past Biblical History you would pass through.
• If we were to show Jerusalem’s layers by recognized secular time periods it would look like this:
State of Israel 1948-‐present: prophecy ful,illedBritish 1917-‐1947 AD: Post-‐WWI Occupation
Ottoman 1517-‐1917 AD: Turkish EmpireMamluk 1250-‐1517 AD: Renaissance to ReformationCrusader 1099-‐1250 AD: Crusades to RenaissanceArab Muslim 638-‐1099 AD: Dark Ages, rise of RCC
Byzantine 324-‐638 AD: monastic period, Church CouncilsRoman, Late 200-‐324 AD: Persecution, church growth
Roman, Middle 70-‐200 AD: Jerusalem’s fall, Post-‐Apostolic FathersRoman, Early 63 BC-‐70 AD: N.T. events, early church, Epistles
Hasmonean 141-‐63 BC: Maccabeans to PompeyHellenistic 332-‐141 BC: Alexander’s Four Generals
Persian 539-‐332 BC: Daniel, Ezra, Alexander the GreatIron Age 1200-‐539 BC: Samuel, Saul, David to Daniel
Bronze Age, Late 1550-‐1200 BC: Bondage, Moses, Exodus, JudgesBronze Age, Middle 2000-‐1550 BC: Patriarchs to Bondage in Egypt
Bronze Age, Early 3300-‐2000 BC: Abraham visited Jerusalem
The Global Cataclysmic Flood transformed every part of the surface of the Earth. Pre-‐Flood World:
Secular terms (Chalcolithic 4500-‐3300 BC & Neolilthic 8500-‐4500 BC)
BIBLICAL ARCHAEOLOGY HELPS US SEE THE PAST
•God’s Word describes 2,938 people;
•God’s Word describes hundreds of places; and
•God’s Word describes countless events.
•All are SEEN more clearly, and the implications of what happened are clearer when seen through the lens of Biblical Archaeology.
ANCIENT TRADE ROUTES
ISRAEL: JUDGES
TO SAMUEL
ISRAEL: SAUL TO
DAVID
ISRAEL: 830BC
HIGH PLACES: GESHUR GALILEE
PAUL’S CONVERSION
ACTS 9:11
STREET CALLED STRAIGHT?
•What would that mean, if anything? Without digging down to that time we’d not really know.
• It was the Main Street of the Roman World.
• Every city had one.
•They were the main north-south axis.
•They were called the Cardo (Greek for “heart”)
GerasaMt. 8:28
Gerasa ruins from south
Gerasa oval plaza panorama
Gerasa oval plaza
Gerasa oval plaza columns
Gerasa Cardo
Gerasa entrance to Temple of Artemis
Gerasa western baths
Beth SheanMt. 4:25
Beth Shean aerial from southwest
Beth Shean aerial from northeast
Palladius Street at Beth Shean
Roman ruins at Beth Shean
Beth Shean amphitheater
Medeba Map
MADABA, JORDAN
Medeba map, Jerusalem
Medeba map, north of Jerusalem
Medeba Map, southwest of Jerusalem
JERUSALEM: BYZANTINE
PERIOD
JEWISH QUARTERMT. 8:20
Tanner's Gate and Valley Cardo at night
Cardo looking southwest
Cardo looking southwest
Cardo from south
Cardo from south
Cardo from north
Cardo from north
Cardo shopping area from south
Cardo shopping area from south
JERUSALEM HOUSE
PAUL AT THESSALONICA
• Acts 16:22-24 Paul beaten with rods
• Acts 16:40 Paul starts walking
• Acts 17:1 Paul walks 97 miles to Thessalonica
• 1 Th. 21-4 Paul defends his reliability
Beth Shean aerial from northeast
Palladius Street at Beth Shean
Roman ruins at Beth Shean
CITY OF DAVID FINDS
• Azaliah son of Meshullam, scribe in the Temple in Jerusalem: Mentioned in 2 Kings 22:3 and 2 Chronicles 34:8. A bulla reading "belonging to Azaliabu son of Meshullam." is likely to be his, according to archaeologist Nahman Avigad.[76]
• Gedaliah son of Pashhur, an opponent of Jeremiah. A bulla bearing his name was found in the City of David [82]
• Gemariah, son of Shaphan the scribe. A bulla was found with the text "To Gemaryahu ben Shaphan". This may have been the same person as "Gemariah son of Shaphan the scribe" mentioned in Jeremiah 36:10,12.[83]
OLD CITY JERUSALEM
HazorJoshua 11:1-11
Hazor upper city aerial from west
Hazor upper city aerial from west
Hazor Solomonic gate
JERUSALEM: BETHESDA