Easy English Basics

8/16/2019 Easy English Basics

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By: Shaival Jha

Lecturer,

BCET

Easy Englishbasics



Traditional or School learning: Use Grammar,syntax, logical thining!

"bserve # $ractice: learn by observing and

%racticing it!

&ays to learn English



'! Sentence and its ty%es(! Sub)ect and $redicate

*! $arts o+ S%eech

! Tenses

Grammar basics: Things you mustno-



&ords arranged in %ro%er manner thatex%ress s%eaer.s thoughts!

'! Statements or assertions/ as, 0ou are my

best +riend!(! 1uestions: 2o- are you 3

*! Commands or re4uests : Stand u%, 5ee%4uite!

! Ex%ress strong +eelings: 0es, -e -on6 "r 7t isvery cold6

. '89ssertive, (8 7nterrogative, *8 7m%erative,8exclamatory!

Sentences



Understanding Subject and Predicate is theey to good sentence -riting!

The subject o+ a com%lete sentence is -ho or-hat the sentence is about, and the

predicate tells about that subject! The dog ran behind the cat! 2ere dog is

the subject o+ the sentence, because thesentence is telling something about that dog!

;or im%erative sentences sub)ect -ill be thelistener!

Subject and Predicate



Based on their usage, -ords are divided into di<erent

inds or classes, called $arts o+ S%eech!

'! =oun8 =ame o+ any living or non living thing!

(! 9d)ective8 adds to the meaning o+ a noun/

*! $ronoun8 alternative to any noun!

! 9rticles8 %oint out or re+er to nouns >a?an, the@

A! erb8 action or state >condition@ related to sub)ect

! 9dverb8 adds to the meaning o+ verb!

D! $re%osition8 describes a relationshi% bet-eensub)ect and other -ords!

! Con)unction8 Joins ( -ords or sentences!

F! 7nter)ection or exclamation8 sudden reaction

Parts of speech



'! $ro%er nouns: ex!Sachin Tendular, urg,$ug

(! Common nouns: ex! man, city, dog

*! Collective =oun: grou%, cro-d, class!! 9bstract =oun: 4ualities, action or state

A! Countable >singular # %lural@ # noncountable nouns

! Gender =ouns >masculine, +eminine,common # neutral@

Nouns:



'! 9d)ectives o+ 1uality: describes 4uality

(! 1uantity ad)ectives: describes ho- much 3

*! =umeral 9d)ectives: count o+ noun!

.COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES: when

specialty of 2 or more o!s is to "ecompare# $e e%press it "y #e&ree ofa#'ecti(es) Positi(e* Comparati(e a#s!perlati(e)

.

E%ample: S-eet s-eeter s-eetest, 2a%%y,ha%%ier, ha%%iest,

.Beauti+ul 8 more beauti+ul 8 most beauti+ul

.Big bigger biggest, good, better, best and the

best!

Adjectives



7, -e, you, he, >she, it@, they are called$ersonal $ronouns! Used +or 'st (nd and *rd %erson!

;orms o+ %ersonal %ronouns:

Personal Pronouns

Form In hindi 1st person 2nd person

3rd person

=ominative Hai, 2um, &o 7, &e 0ou 2e, they, 7t

$ositive Hera, hamaratumhara, una

Hy, Hine,our

0our, 0ours

2is her, their,7ts

9ccusative Hu)he, 2ame, Tumhe, Uno

He, Us 0ou 2im, her, Them, it



Loo at the %ictures!

Hae a story or mae your ideas about the%icture!

9nd -rite it in your o-n -ords!

Practice



9ny action lie be, laugh, cry, -al, sit, sing,read etc that gives an idea about some eventis a verb!

7t may be in %ast, %resent or +uture! There are * main +orms o+ a verb based on the

time o+ event! ;or exam%le:

erbs: 9ction

verb Present Past Future

Sing Sing Sang &ill singloo loo looed &ill loo



erbs may be divided into three ty%es:

1 Action verbs 8 sho- an action 88 either%hysical or mental

Exam%les:

Sunil catc+es the ball! >catches sho-s a%hysical action@

Sunita ima&ies great things! >imagines sho-sa mental action@

2ari is $eari& good clothes! >iswearing sho-s a %hysical action@

Ty%es o+ verbs



(! "erbs of bein# >+orms o+ be@ 8 sho- a state

o+ existence

Exam%les:

Ia)u is strange! >is sho-s a state o+ existence@9aash $ill al-ays "e my +riend! >will

be sho-s a state o+ existence@

Savita +as "ee here +or a -ee! >has

been sho-s a state o+ existence@Hr! as $as a-ay last -ee! >was sho-s a state

o+ existence@



*! $in%in# verbs 8 lin a sub)ect -ith itscom%lement >9 subjective

complement com%letes ? e4uals thesub)ect!@

Lining verbs: appear, taste, smell, feel, look,sound, grow, seem, remain, become.

Exam%les:;ood tastes good! >+oodK good@

2is idea sounds good to me! >ideaK good@

Iam became a doctor! >IamK doctor@



Iead these sentences:

'! 7 love! >Sim%le $resent@

(! 7 am loving! >$resent Continuous@

*! 7 have loved! >$resent $er+ect@! 7 have been loving! >$resent $er+ect

Continuous@

Sim%le, Continuous, $er+ect #$er+ect Continuous

Easy English Basics

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