Earthquake design Tata Tiscon

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  • 7/29/2019 Earthquake design Tata Tiscon

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    S

    Str

    eff

    of s

    Ear

    mo

    buil

    posBut

    the

    con

    as

    col

    diff

    Ef

    Th

    cau

    mo

    bet

    Als

    for

    In

    dis

    pro

    Ho

    Ear

    hor

    pri

    ismic

    ctures desi

    cts of hori

    tructures a

    thquake ca

    ion at its b

    ding mov

    ition.since the

    drag the r

    tinue to re

    inertia. In

    mns are

    erent from

    ect of De

    inertia for

    sing forces

    ement be

    een the t

    o, the stiff

    e. For this

    act, the st

    lacement

    portional t

    rizontal

    thquake ca

    izontal dir

    arily desi

    esign

    gned for g

    ontal eart

    ainst horiz

    ses shakin

    ase. From

    s with th

    alls and c

    of along

    ain in the

    the buil

    lexible, t

    that of the

    ormatio

    e experien

    in column

    ween their

    p and bott

    r the colu

    reason, th

    iffness for

    between it

    its stiffnes

    nd Verti

    uses shaki

    ctions (X

    ned to car

    hilos

    avity loads

    quake sha

    ontal earth

    g of the gr

    ewtons

    ground, t

    lumns are

    ith them.

    previous p

    ing, since

    e motion

    round.

    s in Str

    ced by the

    . During e

    ends. Th

    m of the

    ns are (i.e.

    se internal

    e in a col

    ends. T

    s.

    cal Shaki

    g of the

    and Y), a

    y the gravi

    phy

    , in general

    ing makin

    uake force

    und. So a

    irst Law o

    he roof h

    connected

    his tenden

    sition is kn

    the wall

    of the ro

    ctures

    roof is tran

    rthquake

    larger is

    olumn, the

    , bigger is

    forces in t

    umn is th

    e seismic

    ng

    round in

    d the vert

    y loads. T

    , may not

    it necessa

    s.

    building r

    Motion, e

    s a tende

    o it,

    y to

    own

    or

    f is

    ferred to t

    haking, th

    the relativ

    larger this

    he column

    e columns

    column s

    forces attr

    all three d

    ical directi

    e vertical

    e able to s

    ry to provi

    sting on it

    en though

    cy to stay

    e ground

    columns

    e horizont

    internal fo

    size/sectio

    are called

    tiffness ti

    acted by

    irections

    on (Z). Al

    cceleratio

    fely sustai

    e for adeq

    will experi

    the base o

    in its ori

    ia the colu

    ndergo rel

    l displace

    rce in colu

    n), larger i

    stiffness fo

    es the rel

    he column

    along the

    l structure

    during gr

    the

    uacy

    ence

    the

    inal

    ns,

    tive

    ent

    ns.

    this

    rces.

    tive

    are

    two

    are

    und

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    sha

    of

    stralo

    Str

    eff

    the

    Fl

    Unlev

    ine

    fou

    ele

    the

    col

    tra

    des

    Si

    dis

    Im

    Th

    siz

    (as

    He

    tog

    con

    Ot

    An

    un

    eff

    king either

    afety are u

    ctures tendg X and

    ctures desi

    cts of hori

    structures

    w of iner

    er horizol of the m

    tia forces

    ndations, a

    ents (floo

    must be

    mns are t

    itional con

    ign and co

    Walls

    ilarly, po

    strous.

    portance

    behavior

    and geom

    per the pro

    ce, at the

    ther to en

    figuration i

    her unde

    ther very i

    oticed, is

    ct. In a se

    adds to or

    sed in the

    to be adedirectio

    gned for g

    ontal earth

    gainst hori

    tia Forc

    tal shakinss of the

    are transf

    nd finally

    r slabs, wal

    designed t

    he most c

    truction, fl

    struction, t

    re relativ

    rly design

    of Archi

    f a buildin

    try, in ad

    isions in I

    planning

    sure that t

    s chosen.

    irable sc

    mportant a

    the check

    ismic moti

    subtracts fr

    esign of s

    uate agains (both +

    avity loads

    quake sha

    ontal eart

    s to foun

    of the grtructure (u

    rred by t

    o the soil

    ls, column

    safely tra

    ritical ele

    oor slabs a

    han walls a

    ly thin an

    ed and co

    ectural

    g during ea

    ition to ho

    : 4326 - 1

    tage itself,

    he unfavor

    enario

    spect from

    (and subse

    on, short

    om the acc

    ructures to

    t verticaland dir

    , in general

    ing. Hence

    quake effe

    ation

    und, horisually situ

    e floor sl

    system un

    , and foun

    sfer these

    ents in tr

    nd beams r

    nd columns

    often m

    nstructed

    eatures

    rthquakes

    the earth

    93).

    architects

    able featur

    seismic v

    quent desi

    olumn an

    eleration d

    resist the

    haking. Hctions of

    , may not

    it is neces

    ts.

    ontal inertted at the

    b to the

    erneath. S

    dations) an

    inertia for

    nsferring

    eceive mor

    .

    de of brit

    einforced

    epends cri

    uake forc

    and struct

    es are avo

    lnerability

    n provisi

    long colu

    e to gravit

    ravity loa

    wever, hoeach) rem

    e able to s

    sary to ens

    ia forces aloor level

    walls o c

    , each of

    d the conn

    es through

    he inertia

    care and

    le material

    oncrete c

    ically on i

    s are carri

    ural engin

    ided and a

    point of vi

    ns) for th

    mns under

    y. Since fa

    s, usually

    izontal shains a con

    fely sustai

    re adequa

    re generat). These la

    olumns, to

    these struc

    ctions bet

    them. Wal

    forces. Bu

    ttention d

    like mas

    lumns ca

    s overall s

    d to the gr

    ers must

    good buil

    w, which

    short col

    o same la

    tors

    ost

    kingern.

    the

    y of

    d atteral

    the

    tural

    een

    ls or

    t, in

    ring

    nry.

    be

    ape,

    und

    ork

    ding

    goes

    umn

    teral

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    mo

    sa

    sec

    In

    con

    at a

    Gr

    Re

    RC

    rev

    and

    Ca

    Co

    Ce

    app

    stre

    the

    ste

    Thi

    ce

    suc

    ement. Sh

    e deforma

    ioned faile

    he case m

    sidered wh

    rchitect de

    vity Vs E

    ersal of str

    frames to

    rsal of str

    structure

    pacity D

    crete is b

    ent concr

    ropriate pr

    ngth. Steel

    name - re

    l is a ductil

    s particular

    ent concre

    h that the f

    ort colum

    ion), so u

    in shear,

    ntioned a

    ile designi

    ign level a

    rthquake

    esses takes

    bend, resul

    sses will

    ay fail, en

    sign Co

    ing popul

    te is mad

    oportions.

    is used in

    ar) and it

    e material,

    property o

    te ductili

    ilure of th

    s have hig

    less they

    s depicted

    ove, the e

    g/ detailin

    d structura

    Loading in

    place duri

    ting in str

    rove the c

    angering t

    cept

    rly used i

    of crushe

    Concrete

    oncrete bui

    can carry

    which ena

    rebar, len

    y. The am

    member i

    her stiffne

    re approp

    in the figur

    ffect is im

    the releva

    l engineers

    a Reinfor

    g earthqua

    tching and

    omplete g

    e life of o

    building

    stone chi

    as high c

    ldings as r

    both comp

    les it to un

    s the com

    unt and lo

    by steel r

    s and hen

    iately desi

    e below.Sho

    occ

    hei

    win

    The

    as

    pres

    Col

    mez

    subj

    plicit and

    nt columns.

    should kee

    ed Concr

    ke. Gravity

    shortening

    ravity load

    cupants.

    constructio

    ps, sand, c

    mpressive

    inforceme

    ressive an

    dergo larg

    osite (RC

    ation of st

    aching its

    e attract l

    ned we w

    rt colum

    rs when

    ht is built t

    ows or k

    adjacent

    short col

    ence of th

    mns t

    zanine fl

    ected to thi

    ost of th

    Needs to

    p this in mi

    te Buildin

    loads (Sel

    at various

    based de

    n since la

    ment and

    strength

    t bars (po

    tensile fo

    elongatio

    ) a unique

    eel in a me

    ltimate str

    rger force

    ill end up

    effect

    alls of p

    o accomm

    pt as ope

    olumns be

    umns due

    se short

    hat su

    ors are

    s effect.

    time it i

    e kept in c

    nd.

    weight) c

    locations.

    ign insuffi

    t five dec

    water mix

    ut poor te

    ularly goin

    ces. More

    before rup

    edge over

    mber shoul

    ngth in te

    (for

    with

    also

    rtial

    date

    ing.

    have

    to

    alls.

    port

    also

    not

    heck

    uses

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    ient

    des.

    d in

    nsile

    g by

    ver,

    ture.

    lain

    d be

    sion

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    bef

    fail

    casMo

    whi

    elo

    pro

    (R

    con

    loc

    suc

    ste

    ten

    ulti

    typ

    cas

    co

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    ste

    to t

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    for

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    of

    we

    sei

    we

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    ma

    to s

    re concre

    ure is pref

    , why overeover, ste

    ch enabl

    gation bef

    perty of r

    C) a uniq

    crete d

    tion of ste

    h that the f

    l reaching

    ion befo

    mate stren

    ofductile

    where

    pression.

    forced stru

    of various

    l has signi

    he final str

    w to ma

    ommon R

    es generat

    und. The fa

    eam(s) ca

    k links (in

    mic shakin

    k-beams

    using the r

    not be ab

    ustain the

    e reaches

    rred over

    -reinforcedel is a d

    s it to

    re rupture.

    bar, lends

    e edge ov

    ctilit . T

    el in a me

    ilure of th

    its ultim

    e concret

    th in co

    failure is

    concrete

    ence the

    ctures coul

    building

    icant ductil

    cture, as di

    e buildi

    C framed

    d at its fl

    ilure of a c

    ses localiz

    a give RC

    g of the str

    stem.

    utine desi

    le to achie

    pecific for

    its ultimat

    case whe

    structuresctile mat

    undergo l

    This parti

    the comp

    r plain ce

    e amount

    ber shoul

    member i

    te strengt

    reaches

    pression.

    referred o

    fails first

    ase, why

    be harmf

    aterials bei

    e propertie

    scussed bel

    gs Ductil

    tructure co

    or levels a

    lumn can

    d damage.

    frame) wi

    cture. Thi

    n codes (th

    e a ductile

    es generat

    strength i

    e concrete

    ould be hrial,

    arge

    ular

    site

    ent

    and

    be

    s by

    in

    its

    his

    er a

    in

    ver-

    l!

    ng used in

    s which ca

    ow.

    e for Go

    nsists of b

    re t ansfer

    ffect the st

    Hence, it i

    ll help in d

    design phi

    ose not co

    structure.

    d in seis

    n compres

    fails first i

    rmful!

    constructio

    be used f

    d Seismi

    ams and c

    ed through

    ability of

    clear that

    issipating t

    losophy is

    sidering ea

    pecial desi

    ic activity.

    sion. This

    n compres

    n of a RC

    vorably to

    Perfor

    lumns. Th

    its frame-

    hole buildi

    designing

    e energy g

    referred as

    rthquake e

    gn provisi

    The India

    type of d

    ion. Henc

    structure,

    impart duc

    ance?

    seismic in

    members t

    ng while fa

    eams as d

    enerated d

    strong-col

    fects) desi

    ns are req

    seismic d

    ctile

    the

    only

    ility

    ertia

    the

    ilure

    ctile

    ring

    mn

    ners

    ired

    sign

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    cod

    pro

    Thiins

    stre

    qua

    Si

    duc

    qua

    goe

    in

    e IS: 1

    ided in th

    s capacityfficient in

    ngth of br

    lity of c

    ilarly, spe

    tile are in

    lity rebar

    s a long w

    ltimate co

    920, (and

    members

    design coabsence o

    ittle constr

    nstruction

    ial attenti

    eed provi

    ith unifor

    y in ensuri

    ditions.

    other equ

    here dam

    cept in eminimum

    uction mat

    materials,

    n should b

    ed with f

    propertie

    ng that yo

    ivalent on

    ge is expe

    rthquake-rrequired s

    erials, like

    workman

    e given to

    atures that

    (across i

    r ductile d

    s) ensure

    ted.

    esistant derengths of

    concrete,

    hip and

    ensure tha

    give adeq

    dividual re

    tailing is

    that adeq

    ign of buthe brittle

    is highly

    nvironme

    the eleme

    uate ductil

    bar and di

    p to the m

    ate ductili

    ildings willinks. And

    ensitive t

    tal condit

    nts meant t

    ity. Selecti

    ferent batc

    k when t

    y is

    l bethe

    the

    ons.

    o be

    ng a

    es),

    sted