Earth Science Topic #8 Review GameEarth Science Topic #8 Review Game

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When the soil is saturated in a gently sloping area, any additional rainfall in the area will most likely

a. become ground waterb. become surface runoffc. cause a moisture deficitd. cause a higher potential evapotranspiration

Which property of loose earth materials most likely increases as particle size decreases?

a. capillarityb. infiltrationc. permeabilityd. porosity

Base your answer to the question on the two maps of Australia. Map I shows Australia's major landscape regions. Letters A through H represent locations in Australia. Map II shows Australia's general climate regions.Which location's climate is most affected by the East Australia Current?

a. Eb. Fc. Gd. H

The planetary wind and moisture belts indicate that large amounts of rainfall occur at Earth's Equator because air is

a. converging and risingb. converging and sinkingc. diverging and risingd. diverging and sinking

Base your answer on the diagrams below, which show two soil cross sections from adjacent fields in Nebraska. Both soils are the same except that human activities have removed the vegetation from the surface of field B. Each field has been receiving rain for several hours.

The soils in field B would have a higher rate of permeability if the soils

a. had lower porosityb. had a steeper surface slopec. were composed of larger rock particlesd. were compacted by machinery traveling over the field

The temperature in city B is highest in January and lowest in July because city B is located

a. on the side of a mountainb. on an islandc. in the Southern Hemisphered. at the North Pole

Which single factor generally has the greatest effect on the climate of an area on the Earth's surface?

a. the distance from the Equatorb. the extent of vegetative coverc. the degrees of longituded. the month of the year

In general, the probability of flooding decreases when there is an increase in the amount of

a. precipitationb. infiltrationc. runoffd. snow melt

Which condition makes surface runoff of rainfall most likely?

a. The gradient of the surface is low.b. Permeability rate exceeds the rate of rainfall.c. Surface soil pore spaces are filled.d. The porosity of the surface soil is high.

Which graph shows the effect of soil permeability on the amount of runoff in an area?

A B

C D

During a heavy rainstorm, soil samples A and B both became saturated with water. However, 10 minutes after the storm ended, the soils appeared as shown below.

Which statement best explains the observed change in the water content of the soil samples?

a. The permeability of B is greater than the permeability of A.b. The porosity of B is greater than the porosity of A.c. The capillarity of B is greater than the capillarity of A.d. The surface runoff at B is greater than the surface runoff at A.

Which graph best represents the relationship between porosity and particle size for soil samples of uniform size, shape, and packing?

A B

C D

According to the information provided in table 2, the area represented by the water budget data would have a climate classified as

a. humidb. subhumidc. semiaridd. arid

Compared to an inland location of the same elevation and latitude, a coastal location is likely to have

a. warmer summers and cooler wintersb. warmer summers and warmer wintersc. cooler summers and cooler wintersd. cooler summers and warmer winters

Which graph best represents the relationship between soil permeability rate and infiltration when all other conditions are the same?

A B

C D

Base your answer on the diagram below shows the flow of air over a mountain, from location A to B to C.

Which graph best shows how the air temperature and probability of precipitation change during this air movement?

B

DC

A

Two locations, one in northern Canada and one in the southwestern United States, receive the same amount of precipitation each year. The location in Canada is classified as a humid climate. Why would the location in the United States be classified as an arid climate?

a. The yearly distribution of precipitation is different.b. The soil-moisture storage in the southwestern United States is more than that in northern Canada.c. The potential evapotranspiration is greater in the southwestern United States than in northern Canada.d. The vegetation of the southwestern United States is different from that of northern Canada.

Base your answer to the next question on the diagram below, which represents the planetary wind and moisture belts in Earth’s Northern Hemisphere.

The paths of the surface planetary winds are curved due to Earth’s

a. revolutionb. rotationc. circumferenced. size

The map below shows the location of four cities, A, B, C, and D, in the western United States where prevailing winds are from the southwest.

Which city most likely receives the least amount of average yearly precipitation?

a. Ab. Bc. Cd. D

The diagram below shows a laboratory setup. The rubber band holds filter paper across the base of the open tube to hold the soil sample. The tube was placed in the water as shown. The upward movement of water is represented by arrows. The height of the water that moved upward within the soil was measured. Students repeated this procedure using soils with different particle sizes. Results of the experiment are shown in the data table.

Results of this experiment lead to the conclusion thata. capillarity is greater in soils with larger particlesb. capillarity is greater in soils with smaller particlesc. permeability is greater in soils with larger particlesd. permeability is greater in soils with smaller particles

Which graph best shows the general effect that differences in elevation above sea level have on the average annual temperature?

A B C D

Base your answer on the diagram below shows columns A, B, C, and D that contain different sediments.

Equal volumes of water were poured through each column. Which column of sediment retained the most water?

a. Ab. Bc. Cd. D

Which statement best explains why a desert often forms on the leeward side of a mountain range, as shown in the diagram below?

a. Sinking air compresses and warms.

b.  Sinking air expands and warms.

c.  Rising air compresses and warms.

d.  Rising air expands and warms.

The map below shows average annual temperatures in degrees Fahrenheit across the United States.

Which climatic factor is most important in determining the pattern shown in the eastern half of the United States?

a. ocean currentsb. mountain barriersc. elevation above sea leveld. latitude

On the map below, dark-gray areas represent regions of lake-effect snow on a December day.

Which New York State location appears to be experiencing a lake-effect snowstorm?

a. New York Cityb. Uticac. Plattsburghd. Watertown

Base your answer on the diagram below, which represents samples of soil and bedrock at Earth's surface. The arrows represent possible infiltration of rainwater.

Which sample probably has the greatest porosity?

a. pebble soilb. pebble-and-sand soilc. conglomerate bedrockd. granite bedrock

The arrows on the cross section below show the prevailing wind that flows over a mountain. Points A and B represent locations on opposite sides of the mountain.

Which statement correctly describes the differences in the climates of locations A and B?

a. Location A is warmer and drier than location B.b. Location A is cooler and wetter than location B.c. Location B is warmer and wetter than location A.d. Location B is cooler and drier than location A.

Base your answer on the map below, which shows an imaginary continent on Earth. Arrows represent prevailing wind directions. Letters A through D represent locations on the continent. Locations A and B are at the same latitude and at the same elevation at the base of the mountains.Over the course of a year, compared to

location B, location A will have

a. less precipitation and a smaller temperature rangeb. less precipitation and a greater temperature rangec. more precipitation and a smaller temperature ranged. more precipitation and a greater temperature range

Base your answer on The diagram below shows two identical containers filled with uniform particles that were sorted by size.

Which characteristic is most likely the same for these particle-filled containers?

a. infiltration rateb. water retentionc. capillarityd. porosity

The graph below, which shows the average yearly temperature and average yearly precipitation for Earth locations A through E.

Locations A and C have different average yearly temperatures. This difference most likely is due to the fact that

a. A has a higher elevationb. A is located nearer to the Equatorc. C has more precipitationd. C has a greater longitude