earth pps 01 2 - Mr. E. ScienceSlide 3 Atmosphere • The layer of gases that surround and form an...
Transcript of earth pps 01 2 - Mr. E. ScienceSlide 3 Atmosphere • The layer of gases that surround and form an...
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Slide 1
Earth Science
Chapter 1 - Earth Systems, Surface & Topo Maps
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Slide 2
The Earth SystemEarth System:
4 main parts 1. Atmosphere 2. Hydrosphere 3. Lithosphere 4. Biosphere
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Slide 3
Atmosphere
• The layer of gases that surround and form
an envelope around the Earth.
– Consists of several gases
• Nitrogen – 78%
• Oxygen – 21%
• CO2, H2O, others – 1%
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Slide 4
Lithosphere
• Earth's solid, rocky outer layer– The continents, islands and ocean floors
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Slide 5
Hydrosphere
• All of the water present on the planet
– Oceans, lakes, streams, ice caps, snow,
glaciers, etc.
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Slide 6
Biosphere
• That area of the land, water and air that
contains life!
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Slide 7
The Earth’s Surface
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Slide 8
The Earth’s Surface
• Topography:The shape of the land. The topography of an area includes the area's elevation, relief, and landforms.
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Slide 9
Elevation - Relief
• Elevation -height above sea level• Relief - difference between the highest and the
lowest points of an area
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Slide 10
Landforms
• 3 main types: plains, mountains & plateaus.
Plains: made up of flat or gently rolling land with low relief
Mountains: made up of high elevation and high relief.
Plateaus: high elevation and a more or less level surface
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Slide 11
Earth’s Grid – Equator & Prime Meridian
Prime Meridian goes thru Greenwich, England
Equator is half way
between the north & south pole
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Slide 12
Latitude & Longitude• Latitude: the distance north or south of the equator
• Longitude: the distance east or west of the prime meridian
Both latitude & longitude are
measured in degrees
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Slide 13
Latitude & Longitude
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Slide 14
• They provide information on the elevation, relief, and slope of the ground surface
• You must familiarize yourself with the map's scale and symbols and interpret the map's contour lines.
• closely spaced contour lines indicate steep slopes.
• closed loop with no other contour lines inside it indicates a hilltop.
• V-shaped contour lines pointing uphill indicate a valley.
Topographic Maps
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Slide 15
Reading a Topo Map
• Contour lines– Thin lines
• Contour interval– Spaces between
• Index contour– Thick lines
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Slide 16
Making a Topo Map
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Slide 17
No mas… no mas
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