CIRA & NOAA/NESDIS/RAMM Meteorological Sounders Dr. Bernie Connell CIRA/NOAA-RAMMT March 2005.
Early Results from AIRS and Risk Reduction Benefits for other Advanced Infrared Sounders Mitchell D....
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Transcript of Early Results from AIRS and Risk Reduction Benefits for other Advanced Infrared Sounders Mitchell D....
Early Results from AIRS and Risk Reduction Benefits for other
Advanced Infrared Sounders
Mitchell D. GoldbergNOAA/NESDIS
Center for Satellite Applications and ResearchSatellite Meteorology and Climatology
DivisionOctober 2, 2002GOES-R User Conference
BackgroundBackground Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) was Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) was
launched on the AQUA satellite on May 4, 2002 - launched on the AQUA satellite on May 4, 2002 - Polar orbit 705 km, 13:30 ECTPolar orbit 705 km, 13:30 ECT
AIRS – high spectral resolution infrared sounder AIRS – high spectral resolution infrared sounder and will greatly improve the accuracy of and will greatly improve the accuracy of temperature and moisture soundings.temperature and moisture soundings.
NOAA/NESDIS is processing and distributing NOAA/NESDIS is processing and distributing AIRS data and products in near real-time to AIRS data and products in near real-time to operational NWP centers.operational NWP centers.
This project is supported by:This project is supported by: - AIRS science team, NASA, JPL, IPO, - AIRS science team, NASA, JPL, IPO, NPP Program, and Joint Center for Satellite Data NPP Program, and Joint Center for Satellite Data
AssimilationAssimilation
So why is AIRS So why is AIRS important for GOES-R?important for GOES-R?
Currently the only high spectral resolution infrared Currently the only high spectral resolution infrared sounder with good spatial coveragesounder with good spatial coverage
Provide risk reduction for:Provide risk reduction for:
- new science applications- new science applications
- processing systems for data distribution and - processing systems for data distribution and utilization utilization
No other substitute prior to GIFTSNo other substitute prior to GIFTS
AIRS IR InstrumentAIRS IR Instrument• AIRS is a cooled grating array spectrometerAIRS is a cooled grating array spectrometer• Spectral coverage 3.7 to 15.4 microns in 17 arrays with Spectral coverage 3.7 to 15.4 microns in 17 arrays with
2378 spectral channels (2378 spectral channels (3.74-4.61 µm, 6.2-8.22 µm,3.74-4.61 µm, 6.2-8.22 µm,8.8-15.4 µm)8.8-15.4 µm)
• Spectral resolution Spectral resolution //=1200, 14 km FOV from 705km =1200, 14 km FOV from 705km orbitorbit
• Launch – May 2002Launch – May 2002• Primary products: temperature profile (< 1 K accuracy), Primary products: temperature profile (< 1 K accuracy),
moisture profile (< 15%) , ozone (< 15 % (layers) and 3 % moisture profile (< 15%) , ozone (< 15 % (layers) and 3 % total)total)
• Research products: CO2, CO, CH4Research products: CO2, CO, CH4• The integrated sounder system includes the AIRS VIS/NIR The integrated sounder system includes the AIRS VIS/NIR
channels and microwave sounderschannels and microwave sounders
AIRS VIS/NIR ChannelsAIRS VIS/NIR Channels
Channel 1 (0.40 – 0.44 um) - aerosolsChannel 1 (0.40 – 0.44 um) - aerosols Channel 2 (0.58 – 0.68 um) - (AVHRR ch. 1)Channel 2 (0.58 – 0.68 um) - (AVHRR ch. 1) Channel 3 (0.71 – 0.93 um) - (AVHRR ch. 2)Channel 3 (0.71 – 0.93 um) - (AVHRR ch. 2) Channel 4 (0.48- 0.95 um) - broadbandChannel 4 (0.48- 0.95 um) - broadband
Microwave SoundersMicrowave Sounders
15 channel AMSU sounder15 channel AMSU sounder 4 channel Humidity Sounder Brazil (HSB)4 channel Humidity Sounder Brazil (HSB) (150 GHz, 183 +- 1, 183 +- 3. 183+-7)(150 GHz, 183 +- 1, 183 +- 3. 183+-7)
NOTE: Pixel size ~ 2.28 km for Vis , Beam diameter 1.1° for AIRS &HSB & 3.3° for AMSU A
AIRS-AMSU-HSB Schematic of Ground Location
2x2 km fov AIRSVis Channels
14 km fovIR channels AIRS& HSB
42 km fov AMSU
Excellent Noise PerformanceExcellent Noise Performance
PREFLIGHT SPECTRAL CAL SHOWS PREFLIGHT SPECTRAL CAL SHOWS EXCELLENT SPECTRAL SHAPE AND EXCELLENT SPECTRAL SHAPE AND
STABILITYSTABILITY
Knowledge of CentroidsWithin Spec Limits
SRF Shape WellCharacterized to <10-3
Temperature Dependence Well Behaved
Analysis by L. Strow of UCMB
AIRS Bias Spectrum for Cloud-Free FOVs in 3 Granules on July/20/02
Computed Spectrum Uses kCARTA and NWP Analysis Field
RISK REDUCTION RISK REDUCTION ACTIVITIES AT NESDISACTIVITIES AT NESDIS
Near real-time distribution and utilization of AIRS for NWP data assimilation
Goals:• Provide AIRS/AMSU/HSB data and products to NWP
centers in near real-time --- generally 3 hours from observation time.
• Demonstrate positive impact in NWP.
• Demonstrate processing and utilization of high spectral resolution infrared data in preparation for CrIS, IASI and GOES-R.
• Demonstrate EDR performance.
AIRS for NWP has been AIRS for NWP has been very successful very successful
Engaged the user community earlyEngaged the user community early
Defined datasets and formats (BUFR)Defined datasets and formats (BUFR)
Simulated processing and distribution of data Simulated processing and distribution of data in near real-time for two years prior to launchin near real-time for two years prior to launch
NWP Users
• NCEP
• ECMWF
• Met. Office
• Meteo-France
• Goddard DAO
• Meteor. Service of Canada
• Bureau of Meteorology Research Centre (Australia)
• FNMOC
Data Volume Data Volume ChallengesChallenges
AIRS is only 1.5 mbits /secAIRS is only 1.5 mbits /sec
Level 1b radiances is 35 GB per dayLevel 1b radiances is 35 GB per day (current sounder data ~ 70 MB/day)(current sounder data ~ 70 MB/day)
Challenges: Challenges: - getting the data to the users- getting the data to the users - assimilating the data- assimilating the data
Longer term solutions (1-3 years) are to increase communication Longer term solutions (1-3 years) are to increase communication bandwidth and computer powerbandwidth and computer power
Short term solutions are:Short term solutions are: a) subsample the AIRS spectrally and spatiallya) subsample the AIRS spectrally and spatially b) compress the full spectrum using principle component analysisb) compress the full spectrum using principle component analysis
Early Results from AIRSEarly Results from AIRS
Simulated AIRS Real AIRS
Trace Eigenvalue: real 577096 , simulation 774893
LOG
649.48 cm-1
2616 cm-1
Noise reduction feature is very promisingNoise reduction feature is very promising
Provide reconstructed brightness Provide reconstructed brightness temperatures to NWP centers for evaluation. temperatures to NWP centers for evaluation.
N=5053
8
8
SummarySummary
AIRS will keep us busy for yearsAIRS will keep us busy for years
Lessons learned from AIRS will provide risk Lessons learned from AIRS will provide risk reduction benefits to all high-spectral reduction benefits to all high-spectral resolution sounder programsresolution sounder programs
High spectral resolution infrared data will High spectral resolution infrared data will significantly improve water vapor.significantly improve water vapor.
225 mbAVN
ECMWF