Early Heart Attack Care
description
Transcript of Early Heart Attack Care
![Page 1: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Early Heart Attack Care
For Questions, call Amy Fraulini, MSN, RNDirector of Critical Care and Heart Services
(740)356-8305 [email protected]
Heart attacks have beginnings
![Page 2: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Heart Attack:
A community problem…
with a community solution
![Page 3: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
County Mortality Rate per 100,000
Adams 283.2
Jackson 328.0
Lawrence 346.8
Pike 300.0
Scioto 401.2
Greenup, KY 332.5
Lewis, KY 327.8
Ohio 303.1
Kentucky 324.4
United States 279.2
Source: US CDC Mortality Database
BLUE indicates those counties which exceed the state of Ohio’s mortality rate
Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Rates
![Page 5: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Course Outline
1. Anatomy and Physiology 101: Your Heart
2. Who’s at risk for heart disease?
3. A Heart Attack in Progress
4. Concepts of Early Heart Attack Care
5. Recognition and Intervention
6. Delay and Denial
7. You: The Early Heart Attack Caregiver
![Page 6: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Part 1
Anatomy & Physiology 101:Your Heart
![Page 7: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
• Location– Middle of the chest
• Size– That of a fist
• Purpose– Pumps blood throughout the body
• Weight– 7 - 12 ounces
• Capacity– Pumps 1,800 gallons of blood & beats over
100,000 times daily
The Human Heart
![Page 8: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
SUPERIOR VENA CAVAL BRANCH (NODAL ARTERY)
ANTERIOR R. ATRIAL BRANCH OF R. CORONARY ARTERY
RIGHT CORONARY ARTERY
ANTERIOR CARDIAC VEINS
SMALL CARDIAC VEIN
ANTERIOR INTERVENTRICULAR (ANTERIOR DESCENDING) BRANCH OF L. CORONARY ARTERY
GREAT CARDIAC VEIN
CIRCUMFLEX BRANCH OF L. CORONARY ARTERY
L. CORONARY ARTERY
The Human Heart & Coronary Arteries
![Page 9: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
GREAT CARDIAC VEIN
CIRCUMFLEX BRANCH OF L. CORONARY ARTERY
CORONARY SINUS
OBLIQUE VEIN OF L. ATRIUM
POSTERIOR VEIN OF L. VENTRICLE
MIDDLE CARDIAC VEIN
SUPERIOR VENA CAVAL BRANCH (NODAL ARTERY)
SINOATRIAL (S-A) NODE
SMALL CARDIAC VEIN
R. CORONARY ARTERY
POSTERIOR INTERVENTRICULAR (POSTERIOR DESCENDING) BRANCH OF R. CORONARY ARTERY
The Human Heart & Coronary Arteries
![Page 10: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The Human Heart: Electric Pump
![Page 11: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
• Some persons are more likely than others to have a heart attack because of their “risk factors”
• There are– Factors you can control– Factors you cannot control
Who’s at risk for Heart Disease?
![Page 12: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
• Smoking• High blood pressure• High blood cholesterol• Overweight and obesity• Physical inactivity• Diabetes
Risk factors we can control:
![Page 13: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
• Pre-existing coronary heart disease, including a heart attack, prior angioplasy, bypass surgery, or angina
• Age• Family history of heart disease
– A father or brother diagnosed before age 55– A mother or sister diagnosed before age 65
Risk factors we cannot control:
![Page 14: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Part 3
A Heart Attack in Progress
![Page 15: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
• #1 Killer of Adults BOTH Men and Women
• 1.1 million Americans suffer a heart attack each year
• 460,000 of those heart attacks are fatal
• Hundreds of thousands survive but are left with a damaged heart
Heart Attack Facts
![Page 16: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
• Sudden, severe pain that stops you in your tracks.
• Gradual increasing pain with damage occurring over a period of hours.
• Very early presentation with mild symptoms over hours or days.
Some different presentations of heart attack
![Page 17: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Partial block producing chest painArea of decreased blood supply
Ischemia & Angina Pectoris
![Page 18: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Coronary Artery Disease
![Page 19: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Area of Infarct
Complete Obstruction: AMI
![Page 20: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Part 4
Concepts of Early Heart Attack Care
![Page 21: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Are all heart attacks created equal?
![Page 22: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
• Prehospital Cardiac Care
• Thrombolytic Therapy (clot busters)
• Angioplasty (preferred treatment with optimal outcomes)
• Decrease in time to treatment saved heart muscle improvement in quality of life
Progress: Heart Attack Treatment
![Page 23: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
• Most heart attack patients do not benefit from optimal medical advances……………WHY?
Too Little Progress: Heart Attack Recognition
![Page 24: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
• in recognizing and responding to the early warning signs of a heart attack
Delay
![Page 25: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
• Early CareEarly Care:: Recognize & Respond Recognize & Respond– often mild symptoms, usually normal activity
• Late CareLate Care:: Obvious Emergency & Respond Obvious Emergency & Respond– incapacitating pain, diminished activity
• Too Late CareToo Late Care:: Critical Emergency & Respond Critical Emergency & Respond– unconscious, CPR, defibrillation, probable death
• 85% of the heart damagedamage takes place within the first first
two hourstwo hours.
Why Early Heart Attack Care?
![Page 26: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Part 5
Recognition & Intervention
![Page 27: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
• Non-Specific Heart Attack Non-Specific Heart Attack Symptoms:Symptoms:
– weakness/fatigue
– clammy/sweating
– nausea/indigestion
– dizziness/nervousness
– shortness of breath
– neck/back/jaw pain
– feeling of doom
– elbow pain
• Specific Heart Attack Specific Heart Attack SymptomsSymptoms
– chest discomfort
– chest pressure
– chest ache
– chest burning
– chest fullness
Early Symptoms of a Heart Attack
![Page 28: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Part 6
Delay & Denial
![Page 29: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Denial and Procrastination Denial and Procrastination
= Our Heart’s Enemy!= Our Heart’s Enemy!
Why do we delay?
![Page 30: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
“I’ll just rest a bit”
It’s nothing really serious
![Page 31: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
“I don’t have time
to be sick”
I’m too busy right now
![Page 32: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
“If it turns out to be nothing, I’ll be embarrassed by the fuss made.”
I don’t want to be a problem
![Page 33: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
First responders can easily be swayed by patient rationalizations and denials
Paramedics BEWARE!
![Page 34: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
“I’ll take something for it”
It’s probably heartburn or indigestion
![Page 35: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
“Just walk it off, grin and bear it”
I’m strong!
![Page 36: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
“I have no serious medical problems…I exercise.”
I’m healthy
![Page 37: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
“Everything will be OK.”
I’ll just wait it out
![Page 38: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Part 7
YOU:The Early Heart Attack Caregiver
![Page 39: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
• Spouse• Children• Parent• Co-worker• Friend• Exercise Partner• Anyone who cares about you!
Who is the Caregiver?
![Page 40: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
• Do you have any chest discomfort?
• Is it tightness, pressure, pain in the center of your chest?
• Is the discomfort also in your arms or jaw or neck or throat
or back?
• Are you sick to your stomach?
• Is the person sweaty or clammy?
• What were you doing when the symptoms started?
• Do the symptoms go away with rest?
• Are you having any shortness of breath?
What to ask and look for
![Page 41: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
• Be aware of pressure, not necessarily pain, in your chest.
• Be aware if it increases with activity and subsides with rest.
• Don’t try to rationalize it away. Be honest with yourself and
others.
• Call 9-1-1 or have someone drive you to the nearest
emergency room.
• Don’t go to your doctors office or wait for an appointment.
• RecognizeRecognize the subtle danger signs and act on them before
damage occurs.
Listen to your Heart and be a Winner
![Page 42: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
• EMS can begin treatment immediately-even before arrival at
the hospital
• The heart may stop beating during a heart attack. EMS have
the equipment needed to start the heart again
• Heart attack patients have emergency needs that can be met
by the EMS….such as oxygen, heart medications, and pain
relief treatments
• EMS are linked to the hospital and doctors to give them
needed resources during this critical time
Remember to Call 9-1-1 WHY?
![Page 43: Early Heart Attack Care](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081505/56815930550346895dc6635e/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Any
questions?questions?
www.somc.orgwww.somc.org
Safety Quality Service Relationships Performance