Early Earth Workshop Professor Michael Williams Professor Lynn Margulis Department of Geosciences...

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Early Earth Early Earth Workshop Workshop Professor Michael Williams Professor Michael Williams Professor Lynn Margulis Department of Geosciences University of Massachusetts-Amherst EVOLUTION EVOLUTION on the pre- on the pre- Phanerozoic Phanerozoic Earth Earth

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Transcript of Early Earth Workshop Professor Michael Williams Professor Lynn Margulis Department of Geosciences...

Page 1: Early Earth Workshop Professor Michael Williams Professor Lynn Margulis Department of Geosciences University of Massachusetts-Amherst EVOLUTION on the.

Early Earth Early Earth WorkshopWorkshop

Professor Michael WilliamsProfessor Michael Williams

Professor Lynn MargulisDepartment of Geosciences

University of Massachusetts-Amherst

EVOLUTIONEVOLUTIONon the pre-on the pre-

Phanerozoic Phanerozoic

EarthEarth

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REVOLUTIONREVOLUTION inin

EVOLUTIONEVOLUTIONpre-pre-

Phanerozoic?Phanerozoic?

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EVERYTHING EVERYTHING HAPPENED!HAPPENED!

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GAIA, the living Earth from space GAIA, the living Earth from space

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JAMES JAMES LOVELOCKLOVELOCK

The hypothesisThe hypothesisand its extensionsand its extensions

Wm BucklandWm BucklandChas DARWINChas DARWINV.I.VernadskyV.I.Vernadsky

mention “some illustriouspredecessors”

Emily DickinsonEmily Dickinson

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Darwinian time Darwinian time && Vernadskyian space Vernadskyian space

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Charles Darwin

1809-1888

Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky 1883-1945

Darwinian time & Vernadskyian spaceDarwinian time & Vernadskyian space

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reactive gases (oxygen, methane, CO2)

acidity (pH)

biomineralization, cloud condensation nuclei biomineralization, cloud condensation nuclei and oceanic rain, gaian mountains,and oceanic rain, gaian mountains,plate tectonics, WATER RETENTIONplate tectonics, WATER RETENTION

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EONSEONS

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3900-25003900-2500

2500-5412500-541

541-0541-0

ArcheanArchean

ProterozoicProterozoicPhanerozoicPhanerozoic

EONSEONS

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PLANET WATERPLANET WATER

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What evolves?What evolves?

Populations of individuals?Populations of individuals?

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1st1stnucleated nucleated

cellscells

1st1stnucleated nucleated

cellscells

ARCHEANARCHEAN PROTEROZOICPROTEROZOIC PHANEROZOICPHANEROZOICEONSEONS

oo

HADEANHADEAN

NOWNOW

firstfirstappearance appearance

in the in the

fossil recordfossil record

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EVOLUTIONEVOLUTIONcomponents of the processcomponents of the process

1.1. Population growth (“biotic potential”)Population growth (“biotic potential”)

2. Inherited changes2. Inherited changes

3. Natural selection3. Natural selection

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EVOLUTIONEVOLUTIONcomponents of the processcomponents of the process

1.1. Population growth (“biotic potential”)Population growth (“biotic potential”)

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2. Inherited changes2. Inherited changes

A process of innovationA process of innovation

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EVOLUTIONEVOLUTION

2. Inherited changes2. Inherited changes

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3. Natural selection3. Natural selection

A process of eliminationA process of elimination

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EVOLUTIONEVOLUTION

2. Inherited changes2. Inherited changes

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EVOLUTIONEVOLUTION

2. Inherited changes2. Inherited changes

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EVOLUTIONEVOLUTION

inheritance of inheritance of

“acquired “acquired characteristics” characteristics” ??

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INHERITED CHANGESINHERITED CHANGES

Random DNA mutationsRandom DNA mutationsChromosomal changesChromosomal changes

(karyotypic fission,(karyotypic fission,polyploidy)polyploidy)

Larval transfer (D.I. Williamson)Larval transfer (D.I. Williamson)

SYMBIOGENESISSYMBIOGENESIS

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EVOLUTIONEVOLUTION

no, no, SYMBIOGENESISYMBIOGENESISS

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EVOLUTIONEVOLUTION

inheritance of inheritance of

“acquired “acquired

genomesgenomes””

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Evolution ofEvolution of

chimaeraschimaeras

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Symbiogenesis/Symbionticism

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SymbiogenesisSymbiogenesisKozo-Polyanski

Wallin

1883-19691883-196911883-1969 1869-1910

1890-1957

Famintzyn

1845-1905

Mereschkhovski SymbionticismSymbionticism

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long term long term physical association physical association

between members between members ofofdifferent speciesdifferent species

new behaviors, organelles, new behaviors, organelles, tissues, organisms, species tissues, organisms, species

as consequence of symbiosesas consequence of symbioses

SYMBIOGENESISSYMBIOGENESIS

SYMBIOSISSYMBIOSIS

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SYMBIOSISSYMBIOSISoror

SYMBIOGENESISSYMBIOGENESIS??

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Elysia chloroticaElysia chlorotica

Vaucheria litoreaVaucheria litorea

http://silk.library.umass.edu:2306/cgi/content/full/123/1/29/F1
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Translucent, hungry marine animalsTranslucent, hungry marine animals

acquire foreignacquire foreign (algal)(algal)

genomesgenomes

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they evolve to become they evolve to become new speciesnew species

photosyntheticphotosyntheticFLATWORMSFLATWORMS andand SLUGS!!SLUGS!!

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ElysiaElysia TridacnaTridacna

Placobranchus Placobranchus ocellatusocellatus

Convoluta roscoffensisConvoluta roscoffensis

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INDIVIDUALITYINDIVIDUALITYisis

COMPLEXCOMPLEX

(Mixotricha paradoxa)(Mixotricha paradoxa)

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650650

600600

550550

Varangerian Ice Age

(acritarchs)(acritarchs)

Precambrian/Cambrian boundary

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Last Eukaryotic Common Ancestor

L.E.C.A.

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““For Nature is a For Nature is a Stranger yet....”Stranger yet....”


Coming Full Circle: From Cells to Ecosystemsfaculty.uca.edu/benw/biol1400/notes/notes28.pdfLynn Margulis (1938-), currently a professor at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst

Coming Full Circle: From Cells to Ecosystemsfaculty.uca.edu/benw/biol1400/notes/notes28.pdfLynn Margulis (1938-), currently a professor at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst

EFFECTIVE ARGUMENTS IN UNIPOTENT DYNAMICSammohammadi/Margulis-Volume.pdf · Given the impact of Margulis’ work for the above research directions and especially the research concerning

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You Are a Musical Expert – Elizabeth Hellmuth Margulis – Aeon

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Flat strips, Bowen-Margulis measures, and mixing of the ...people.math.binghamton.edu/ricks/ricks--thesis.pdf · Flat strips, Bowen-Margulis measures, and mixing of the geodesic flow

Flat strips, Bowen-Margulis measures, and mixing of the ...people.math.binghamton.edu/ricks/ricks--thesis.pdf · Flat strips, Bowen-Margulis measures, and mixing of the geodesic flow

LYNN MARGULIS CELEBRATED BY HOFSTRA UNIVERSITY · 2016-03-09 · LYNN MARGULIS CELEBRATED BY HOFSTRA UNIVERSITY Fine arts major Kelly DeNaples, a sophomore from Newfoundland, has

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LYNN MARGULIS CELEBRATED BY HOFSTRA UNIVERSITY · LYNN MARGULIS CELEBRATED BY HOFSTRA UNIVERSITY Fine arts major Kelly DeNaples, a sophomore from Newfoundland, has …

Margulis Space Time - ALGANTalgant.eu/documents/theses/ghosh.pdf · Margulis Space Time: Crooked Planes and The Margulis Invariant Sourav Ghosh Advisor: Francois Labourie Master Thesis

Margulis Space Time - ALGANTalgant.eu/documents/theses/ghosh.pdf · Margulis Space Time: Crooked Planes and The Margulis Invariant Sourav Ghosh Advisor: Francois Labourie Master Thesis

Margulis, Sagan-Microcosmos

Margulis, Sagan-Microcosmos

MARGULIS MULTIVERSE: INFINITESIMAL RIGIDITY, …Margulis spacetime, the Anosov structure on its linear part and the theory of thermodynamic formalism developed by Bowen, Ruelle, Parry

MARGULIS MULTIVERSE: INFINITESIMAL RIGIDITY, …Margulis spacetime, the Anosov structure on its linear part and the theory of thermodynamic formalism developed by Bowen, Ruelle, Parry

Cloud Types Dr. Dave Dempsey Professor of Meteorology Department of Geosciences San Francisco State University Dr. Dave Dempsey Professor of Meteorology.

Cloud Types Dr. Dave Dempsey Professor of Meteorology Department of Geosciences San Francisco State University Dr. Dave Dempsey Professor of Meteorology.

Gerta Keller, Professor of Geosciences - Cretaceous ...gkeller.princeton.edu/sites/default/files/Sanders-2019...Gerta Keller Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton,

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MARGULIS SPACETIMES VIA THE ARC COMPLEX - … · margulis spacetimes via the arc complex preliminary version (january 2014) | check back soon for an updated draft. jeffrey danciger,

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ARTICLE IN PRESS Endosymbiosis,cellevolution,andspeciation · Margulis also used the phrase ‘‘serial endosymbiosistheory’’(Margulis,1993),atermoriginallycoinedbyTaylor(1979),

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Herramienta 04 - Televisión y vanguardia - Paola Margulis

Herramienta 04 - Televisión y vanguardia - Paola Margulis

Music Expectancy and Thrills. (Huron and Margulis, 2010)

Music Expectancy and Thrills. (Huron and Margulis, 2010)

Margulis 2005 - A Model of Melodic Expectation

Margulis 2005 - A Model of Melodic Expectation

MARGULIS NUMBERS AND NUMBER FIELDS - …homepages.math.uic.edu/~shalen/cubic.pdf · MARGULIS NUMBERS AND NUMBER FIELDS 3 geodesic in M having length l < . Then there is an embedded

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Adapting Lessons to NGSS Nicole D. LaDue, Assistant Professor Department of Geology and Environmental Geosciences June 20, 2014.

Adapting Lessons to NGSS Nicole D. LaDue, Assistant Professor Department of Geology and Environmental Geosciences June 20, 2014.

Dr. Michael P. Bishop Professor and Haynes Chair in Geosciences Department of Geography.

Dr. Michael P. Bishop Professor and Haynes Chair in Geosciences Department of Geography.