Chapter 1 The First Civilizations Section 2 Mesopotamia Civilization.
Early Civilizations in Greece. Essential Question: How did the civilizations of Greece and Rome form...
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Transcript of Early Civilizations in Greece. Essential Question: How did the civilizations of Greece and Rome form...
Early Civilizations in Greece
Essential Question:
How did the civilizations of Greece and Rome form the
foundation of Western Civilization?
Geography• Greece consists of two
peninsulas.– Connected by Isthmus
of Corinth
• 80% of Greece is covered by mountains.– Isolated Greeks from
one another. – Each community
developed their own way of life.
• Small size allowed for everyone to participate in government.
• Also created rivalries that led to warfare.
The Sea• Greece, obviously, is
surrounded by water.– Greeks became great
seafarers.• Sailed out and made
contact with outside world.– Spread Greek
civilization.
Two earliest Greek civilizations…
Minoans
And
Mycenaeans
Minoans• Minoan civilization
existed on the island of Crete.– They are not Greek!– They did influence
Greek culture.• Traveled and traded
with the Greeks and the Egyptians.
• An enormous palace was discovered in Knossos.
Palace at Knossos
Palace at Knossos
Palace at Knossos
Palace at Knossos
Palace at Knossos
Palace at Knossos
Palace at Knossos
Palace at Knossos
Palace at Knossos
Palace at Knossos
Palace at Knossos
Toreador Fresco
End of the Minoans
• Weakened by volcanic eruption?– Sank island of Thera– Atlantis?
• Mycenaens finished them off in 1450BC.
Mycenaeans
• Led by powerful monarchies that built fortified palace centers.– Built on hills
surrounded by stone walls.
• Traded with the Egyptians and Italians.
Mycenae
Mycenae
The Lion’s Gate
Burial Ground
Mycenae
Mycenae
Mycenaean Warriors• Mycenaeans were warrior people
– Prided themselves on their heroic deeds in battle.– They spread outward and gained control of other areas.
The Iliad• According to Homer, Mycenaean Greeks sacked the
city of Troy around 1250BC.
End of the Mycenaeans• The sacking of Troy only
brought chaos back to home.– Difficult transition
from war to peace.• Mycenaeans began fighting
one another.– Earthquakes damage
Mycenae.• With the collapse of the
Mycenaeans, Greece entered a difficult period.– Population dropped– Food production dropped
• Greek Dark Ages– 1100BC – 750BC