Early 20 th Century Modern Art Part III. Russian Avant Garde.
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Transcript of Early 20 th Century Modern Art Part III. Russian Avant Garde.
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Early 20th CenturyModern Art
Part III
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Russian Avant Garde
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Malevich, Suprematist Composition: Airplane Flying, 1915
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Malevich, Suprematist Composition: Airplane Flying, 1915
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Suprematism
•Concerned with pure form: square, line, rectangle
•Shapes not related to actual objects
•“Supremacy of pure feeling”
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Gabo, Column, 1923
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Constructivism
•Construct art not create it•Wanted to build a technological utopia
•Used synthetic materials: glass, plastic, metal
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Tatlin, Monument to the Third International, 1919-1920
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Productivism•Functional art, not abstract•Art should create useful products for the new society
•“Art is a social product, conditioned by the social environment.”
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Compare and contrast these
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Some Questions to Consider
•What are the dominant colors?
•What are the basic shapes?•What is the relationship of the title to the work?
•What is the approach to abstraction in each work?
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The Bauhaus and the International
Style
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Gropius, the Bauhaus, 1925-1926, Dessau Germany
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Gropius, the Bauhaus, 1925-1926, Dessau, Germany
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Bauhaus•A movement/method not a style• Improve human condition•Simple, streamlined houses for
workers•Mass producible methods; machine
design•Craftsmanship important•Blurred boundaries between art, craft,
architecture•Everything can be designed: chair to
faucet
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Traits of Bauhaus Architecture
•Free plan interiors; no interior load-bearing walls
•Use of concrete, glass, & steel•Stark white cubes•Unadorned wall surfaces: “no
romantic embellishment or whimsy”
•Strip windows flush with wall plane•Flat roofs
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LeCourbusier, Villa Savoye, 1929,
Poissy-sur-Seine, France
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LeCourbusier, Villa Savoye, 1929
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LeCourbusier, Notre-Dame-du-Haut, 1950-1955
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LeCourbusier, Notre-Dame-du-Haut, 1950-
1955, Ronchamp, France
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LeCourbusier, Notre-Dame-du-Haut, 1950-1955
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LeCourbusier, Notre-Dame-du-Haut, 1950-1955
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LeCourbusier, Notre-Dame-du-Haut, 1950-1955
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Frank Lloyd Wright
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His great discovery, he said was “the idea of eliminating the
containment which is the box, reaching out and amplifying
space, dragging things in from the
outside”
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Wright, Robie House, 1907-1908
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Wright, Robie House, Chicago, Illinois, 1907-1908
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Wright, Robie House, Chicago, Illinois, 1907-1908
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Wright, Robie House, 1907-1908
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Wright, Robie House, 1907-1908
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Prairie School•Integration with landscape•Horizontal orientation•Natural materials•Broad overhanging eaves (cantilever)
•Horizontal bands of windows•Craftsmanship•Disciplined use of ornament
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Wright, Fallingwater, Bear
Run, Pennsylvania,1936-
1939
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Wright, Fallingwater, Bear Run, Pennsylvania,1936-1939
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Cantilever
is a beam supported on only one end. The beam carries the load to the support where it is resisted by moment and shear stress. Cantilever construction allows for overhanging structures without external bracing.
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Wright, Fallingwater, Bear Run, Pennsylvania,1936-1939
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Wright, Falling Water, 1936-1939
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Wright, Guggenheim Museum, 1943-1959 New
York, NY
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Wright, Guggenheim Museum, 1943-1959 New York, NY
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Wright, Guggenheim Museum, 1943-1959 New
York, NY
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Wright, Guggenheim Museum, 1943-1959 New
York, NY
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Wright, Guggenheim Museum, 1943-1959 New
York, NY
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Wright, Guggenheim Museum, 1943-1959 New York, NY
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Depression Art
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Dorothea Lange
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Lange, Migrant Mother, 1935
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Jacob LawrenceMigration of the Negro
series
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Lawrence, Migration of the Negro No. 49, 1940-1941
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Wood, American Gothic, 1930
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Wood, American Gothic, 1930
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Hopper, Nighthawks, 1942
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Orozco, Epic of American Civilization:
Hispano-America, 1932-1934
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http://www.dartmouth.edu/~spanmod/mural/all.html