Each organism has a unique combination of characteristics encoded in molecules of.
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Transcript of Each organism has a unique combination of characteristics encoded in molecules of.
Each organism has a unique Each organism has a unique combination of characteristics combination of characteristics
encoded in molecules ofencoded in molecules of
DNADNA
The primary function of The primary function of DNA is to DNA is to
Store and transmit genetic Store and transmit genetic informationinformation
All of the following are true All of the following are true about the structure of DNA about the structure of DNA
exceptexcept
Short strands of DNA are contained in Short strands of DNA are contained in chromosomes inside the nucleus of a cellchromosomes inside the nucleus of a cell
Every DNA nucleotide contains a sugar, a Every DNA nucleotide contains a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen basephosphate group, and a nitrogen base
DNA consists of two strands of nucleotides DNA consists of two strands of nucleotides joined by hydrogen bondsjoined by hydrogen bonds
The long strands of nucleotides are twisted The long strands of nucleotides are twisted into a double helixinto a double helix
Molecules of DNA are Molecules of DNA are composed of long chains ofcomposed of long chains of
nucleotidesnucleotides
Which of the following is Which of the following is notnot part of a molecule of DNA?part of a molecule of DNA?
riboseribose
A nucleotide consists ofA nucleotide consists of
A sugar, a phosphate group, A sugar, a phosphate group, and nitrogenous baseand nitrogenous base
The part of the molecule for The part of the molecule for which deoxyribonucleic acid which deoxyribonucleic acid
is named theis named the
sugarsugar
Purines and pyridines arePurines and pyridines are
Bases found in Bases found in nucleotidesnucleotides
Chargaff’s rules, the base-Chargaff’s rules, the base-pairing rules, state that in pairing rules, state that in
DNADNA
The amount of adenine equals The amount of adenine equals the amount of thyminethe amount of thymine
The amount of guanine equals The amount of guanine equals the amount of cytosinethe amount of cytosine
D Both a and bD Both a and b
The base-pairing rules states The base-pairing rules states that the following are base that the following are base
pairs in DNApairs in DNA
Adenine-thymine; guanine-Adenine-thymine; guanine-cytosinecytosine
ATTG:TAAC::ATTG:TAAC::
GTCC:CAGGGTCC:CAGG
The addition of nucleotides to The addition of nucleotides to form a complementary strand form a complementary strand
of DNAof DNA
Is catalyzed by DNA Is catalyzed by DNA polymerasepolymerase
Which of the following is Which of the following is not not true about DNA replication?true about DNA replication?
Is the responsibility of the Is the responsibility of the complementary DNA complementary DNA mutagensmutagens
During DNA replication, a During DNA replication, a complementary strand of complementary strand of
DNA is made for each DNA is made for each original DNA strand. Thus if a original DNA strand. Thus if a portion of the original strand portion of the original strand is CCTAGCT, then the new is CCTAGCT, then the new
strand will bestrand will be
GGATCGAGGATCGA
The enzymes responsible for The enzymes responsible for adding nucleotides to the adding nucleotides to the exposed DNA template exposed DNA template
bases arebases are
DNA polymeraseDNA polymerase
The function of tRNA is toThe function of tRNA is to
Transfer amino acids to Transfer amino acids to ribosomesribosomes
Which of the following types Which of the following types of RNA carries instructions of RNA carries instructions
for making proteins?for making proteins?
mRNAmRNA
RNA differs from DNA in that RNA differs from DNA in that RNARNA
Is sometimes single-strandedIs sometimes single-stranded
Contains a different sugar moleculeContains a different sugar molecule
Contains the nitrogenous base uracilContains the nitrogenous base uracil
All of the aboveAll of the above
Which of the following is Which of the following is not not found in DNA?found in DNA?
uraciluracil
RNA is chemically similar to RNA is chemically similar to DNA except that its sugars have DNA except that its sugars have an additional oxygen atom, and an additional oxygen atom, and the base thymine is replaced by the base thymine is replaced by a structurally similar base calleda structurally similar base called
UracilUracil
In RNA molecules, adenine is In RNA molecules, adenine is complementary tocomplementary to
uraciluracil
During translation, a ribosome During translation, a ribosome binds tobinds to
mRNAmRNA
Each of the following is a type of Each of the following is a type of RNA RNA exceptexcept
A carrier RNAA carrier RNA
During transcription,During transcription,
RNA is producedRNA is produced
Transcription proceeds when RNA Transcription proceeds when RNA polymerasepolymerase
Binds to a promoter on a strand of Binds to a promoter on a strand of DNADNA
Transcription is the process by Transcription is the process by which genetic information encoded which genetic information encoded
in DNA is transferred to anin DNA is transferred to an
RNA moleculeRNA molecule
Each nucleotide triplet in mRNA Each nucleotide triplet in mRNA that specifies a particular amino that specifies a particular amino
acid is called aacid is called a
codoncodon
During translation, the amino acid During translation, the amino acid detaches form the transfer RNA detaches form the transfer RNA
molecule and attaches to the end of molecule and attaches to the end of a growing protein chain whena growing protein chain when
The transfer RNA anticodon is paired The transfer RNA anticodon is paired up with the messenger RNA codonup with the messenger RNA codon
The transfer of genetic material The transfer of genetic material from one cell to another, which from one cell to another, which
Fredrick Griffith studied, is calledFredrick Griffith studied, is called
transformationtransformation
An error in DNA replication can An error in DNA replication can causecause
MutationsMutations
CancerCancer
Genetic variationsGenetic variations
All of the aboveAll of the above