E1 Introduction to the Universe
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Transcript of E1 Introduction to the Universe
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Lesson 1
Introduction to the Universe
IB Physics Power Points
Option E
Astrophysics
www.pedagogics.ca
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E.1.1 Outline the general structure of the solar system
8 planets orbiting the Sun
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Orbital path around the Sun is not circular.
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E.1.2 Distinguish between a stellar cluster and a constellationStar clusters or star clouds are groups of stars. A globular cluster is a tight group of hundreds of thousands of very old stars which are gravitationally bound. Stars in a cluster are relatively close to each other.
Omega Centauri is the most massive globular cluster in our Galaxy
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E.1.2 Distinguish between a stellar cluster and a constellationConstellations are patterns formed by prominent stars in the night sky. Although they appear close to each other, stars in constellations can vary greatly in their distance from Earth.
Cassiopeia
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E.1.3 Define the light year
A unit of distance equivalent to how far light travels through space in one year
Our Sun is part of a large collection of stars called a galaxy (ours is called the Milky Way and consists of over 100 billion stars). Get used to vast distances!
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E.1.4 Compare the relative distances between the stars within a galaxy and between galaxies in terms of order of magnitude.
Nearest star to our Sun – Proxima Centauri 4.2 ly away. There are only 8 stars within 101 ly
Diameter of Milky Way galaxy is 105 ly
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Andromeda is our nearest neighbor galaxy – about 2.9 x 106 ly from the Milky Way
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E.1.5 Describe the apparent motion of the stars/constellations over a period of a night and over a period of a year, and explain these observations in terms of the rotation and the revolution of the Earth.
Diurnal motion - the apparent circular motion of stars around the Earth. This observation occurs because the Earth is rotating.
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The apparent westward motion of constellation in the night sky over a period of a year is due to the revolution of the Earth around the Sun.