E. Napp Reform Through Revolution Students will be able to define the following terms: Young Turks...
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Transcript of E. Napp Reform Through Revolution Students will be able to define the following terms: Young Turks...
E. Napp
Reform Through Revolution
Students will be able to define the following terms:
Young Turks
Pancho Villa
Constitution of 1917
Sun Yat-Sen
E. Napp
Unable to achievereform through
peaceful means,reformers in
Turkey, Mexico,and China wantedto overthrow their
existing governmentsthrough revolution.
E. Napp
Sultan Abdulhamid II, the ruler of the Ottoman empire, used secret police
against potential opponents.
E. Napp
The Sultan also ordered the brutal massacre of Armenians in eastern
Turkey in 1894-1896. Armenians inTurkey were massacred for
allegedly resisting the Ottomangovernment.
E. Napp
Young educated members of the Turkishelite, known as the Young Turks,
demanded reform. The Sultan wasoverthrown. The new government
encouraged industrialization, education, andimproved treatment of women.
E. Napp
From 1877 to 1910, Mexico was governedby the dictator, Porfirio Diaz. The Mexicanrevolution of 1910 was a reaction against
Diaz’s rule.
E. Napp
Initially led by Francisco Madero, a wealthyliberal, the revolt soon faced oppositionfrom peasant leaders, including PanchoVilla and Emiliano Zapata. Madero wasassassinated and a civil war followed.
E. Napp
Eventually, the forces of reform
won. As a result,large estates werebroken up, Churchlands were seized,
and millions of acres of land were
transferred topeasants.
E. Napp
The Constitution of 1917 led to greaterdemocracy in Mexico. It established
an 8-hour work day. It also gaveworkers the right to strike.
E. Napp
China’s educatedelite was troubledby China’s defeatby Japan in 1894,
foreign interventionagainst the BoxerRebellion, and the
failure of the Manchu government
to change.
E. Napp
In 1911, an uprising began among soldiers.It quickly spread to cities throughout China.China’s five-year-old emperor was forcedto abdicate. After 2,500 years of rule by
emperors, China became a republic in 1912.
E. Napp
Sun Yat-Sen, a revolutionary leader,gained control of China’s government
in 1916. He introduced his three principles: “Democracy, Nationalism,
and the People’s Livelihood.”
E. Napp
Unfortunately, Sun was never able tofully bring all of China under his control.
In many parts of China, warlords orpowerful military commanders remainedtoo great. Rival armies battled for control
of China bringing hardship to millions.
E. Napp
Questions for Reflection:
• What was the Armenian genocide and why did it occur?
• Who were the Young Turks and why were they dissatisfied with the Sultan?
• Why did Pancho Villa rebel?
• What was the Constitution of 1917?
• Who was Sun Yat-Sen and what did he want for the people of China?