E-laad - SMARTGREENS€¦ · OSCP . EmSP Charge Spot. OCPP . Mode3 . IP . What is OSCP not? ......
Transcript of E-laad - SMARTGREENS€¦ · OSCP . EmSP Charge Spot. OCPP . Mode3 . IP . What is OSCP not? ......
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5 & 6 February 2014
Arjan Wargers
E-laad.nl
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Arjan Wargers, MSc Manager I & D
E-laad.nl, The Netherlands
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E-Laad.nl: facts • Introduction E-laad • E-laad: facts • The Problem • Possibilities to decrease costs • Interoperability • Adding services • A big part of the solution • The use of open protocols
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Goal Stimulate electric transportation Mass adoption of electric transport will have a huge impact on the grid
Kill chicken and egg situation
Realisation basis charge
infra (interoperable)
Collect and share
(usage) data
Knowledge sharing Smart
charging
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e-laad foundation • 8 Dutch DSO’s
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E-Laad.nl: some facts • 2950 public charge stations (3600 in total, 2600 semi-public, over 12.000 private) 32.000 plug-in EV’s in the Netherlands
• 8 different chargestation-vendors • Weekly energy consumption: 79.253 kWh • No: weekly transactions: 9997 • Sharing Charge Data Records with 11 EMSP’s • Connected with Belgium and German network through
‘e-clearing.net’ • Share static and dynamic data with over 25 parties
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Why public charging infrastructure?
80% of the Dutch houses is not equiped with a garage or private driveway
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E-Laad.nl: facts &figures
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Usa
ge (k
wh)
Energy usage and number of transactions per week
Aantal transacties (Bruto) Verbruik (kWh)
# transactions 9.766 Usage 73.039 kWh
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E-Laad.nl: facts &figures
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feb mrt apr mei jun jul aug sep okt nov dec jan feb
Num
ber o
f tra
nsac
tions
Usa
ge (
kWh)
Monthly usage and number of transactions
Transacties gefactureerd aan Serviceproviders Transacties brutoverbruik
Bruto verbruik (kWh) Facturatie aan Serviceproviders (kWh)
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E-Laad.nl: facts &figures
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3,16 3,26
4,03 4,07 4,19 4,19 4,16
4,01 3,89 3,84
4,05
2,17 2,27
2,84 2,91 2,99 3,01 2,98 2,94 2,91 3,03
2,91
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nsac
tions
Weeknr.
Average number of transactions per week per type of EVSE
E-rijder laadpunten Strategische laadpunten
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E-Laad.nl: facts &figures further developments
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The Problem The Total Cost of Ownership of the public charge infrastructure is too high. Typical for the Dutch situation this is due to several issues related to: • DSO requirements • Safety requirements • Regulatory requirements
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Problem The Total Cost of Ownership of the public charge infrastructure is too high.
CAPEX station costs (average) € 1.750,00 collision protection € - costs for local community parking sign € - costs for local community equipe parking spot € - costs for local community coordination costs local community € - costs for local community direct personnel costs realisation € 80,00 installation € 720,00 direct personnel costs request/preparation € 120,00 connection € 700,00
Total € 2370,00
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Problem The Total Cost of Ownership of the public charge infrastructure is too high. OPEX Energy costs per kWh
preventive maintenance € --- corrective maintenance € 400,00 Electricity € 0,062 insurance € 7,50 Energy taks € 0,113 communications costs € 3,50 VAT € 0,113 backoffice costs € 25,00 Service costs meter costs € 2,20 Total € 0,24 capacity tariff € 651,17 direct personnel costs € 100,00 damages € 25,00
Total € 1215,00
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Possibilities to decrease costs To reduce cost we have not only to look to component costs but also to installation as well as operation costs. But keep in mind: No reduction of safety Same or even Increment of functionality To realize this open mind and change of procedures for DSO and CPO (Charge Point Operators) are preconditions
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Possibilities to decrease costs No regulation changes possible (at this moment): For example energy tax: Focus on: Physical DSO requirements Intake, Installation Metering, Data management
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Typical Charge Post
DSO compartment
Third party compartment
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Grid costs Typical Dutch situation
The DSO installation cost as well as the yearly capacity tariff are based on the pass thru value of the MCB Connection average Enexis
t/m 25A € 569,35 € 568,00
25-35 € 790,52 € 692,00
35-63 € 833,61 € 692,00
50-63 € 1.093,60 € 826,00 Yearly grid tariff
25 € 164,09 € 106,04
25 - 35 € 651,17 € 530,20
35 - 50 € 966,33 € 795,30
50 - 63 € 1.264,60 € 1.060,40
63 - 80 € 1.579,43 € 1.325,50
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Reduce value DSO protection
16 A CB 20A
Selectivity mandatory by
grid code
MCB 35A
Even when only 16A is required a MCB of 35A is necessary This leads to high installation cost + € 120,- and high yearly costs + €500,-
16A continuous requires 20A CB
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Reduce value DSO protection
16 A CB 20A
MCB 35A
fuse 16A
Fuse 25A
Replace CB 20A by fuse of 16A Replace MCB 35A by fuse 25A Selectivity still guaranteed
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New grid connection demands
All specific DSO demands irt a 3x25A connection for a charge station The goal of these demands is to enable Chargepoint Operators (CPO’s) to use a much smaller 3x25A grid connection Size does matter! Smaller means cheaper (scale)
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Intake Installation
One party takes care of everything: One party does intake and site survey One party installs in one labour act: Start, placement, connect, test. No differentiation between compartments of DSO and third party. Only one compartment is available and both have access.
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Change metering
Meter 1 Meter 2
Meter 3 DSO
Back office
Com 1
Metering system
Com 2
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Change metering
Meter 1 Meter 2
Meter 3 DSO
Back office
Com 1
Metering system
Com 2
Com
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Avoid cost smart meter Avoid cost SM com system Reduces space (size does matter!) Requirements on: meter (MID) meter maintenance (meterpool) metering com system Security and reliability metering data format (P4 format) --- transparancy needed: open protocol!
Change metering
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Roaming of emobility services is a very important acknowledged aspect of the EV-ecosystem But it does not solve The Problem
Interoperability
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“The solution for effortless cross-boarder charging”
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International Roaming agreement
Starting point
• LOI signed in May 2012
• Agreement by 7 partners in 7 countries
• Agreed to roaming and cooperation Current situation
• Further development based in NL, BE, GE • In the cross border region (NL <-> B <-> D)
‘e-roaming is ‘business as usual’ • Organic growth in the different connected
countries and Luxembourg
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Open Market Model Open, independent, custom partnerships
• Complexity reduction by central Roaming Platform
• Clearing European roaming agreements of different market roles (NSP, CSO, MSP)
• Open and established protocol: Open Clearinghouse Protocol (OCHP)
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Data exchange exchange of relevant data for an open market model
Autorisation data (A) Charge data (C) Geo-chargestation data (G)
CSO
MSP
NSP
eCHS
G
A C G
A C G
Charging Station Operator (CSO)
Mobility Service Provider (MSP)
Navigation Service Provider (NSP)
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Communications structure
Roaming Partner Roaming Partner
Clearing House
Total communication through one unified open communications
protocol: OCHP
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Open Protocol: OCHP Open Clearing House Protocol
• Open communication protocol between IT-Back-Ends
• Free to implement- usage is independent of e-clearing.net
• Open for further development
www.ochp.eu
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Adding services helps but does not solve not the problem • Dynamic geo-info • Reservation • Integration with ‘parking’ • Free choice of electricity supplier
Adding services
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Free choice supplier. No Fixt supplier on the pole Supplier will be allocated as soon as a EV-driver identifies. Supplier of the E-mobility Service Provider is allocated. (actual end user of electricity)
Free choice supplier
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Facilitates the market Provides customer (more) choice But has no direct impact on the business case of EV infrastructure
Free choice supplier
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Smart charging
A big part of the solution
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We might be looking to narrow to the EV Ecosystem We need to broaden our scope:
Smart Charging
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The development in practice
Smart Charging
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The challenge for (our) DSO’s
A
time 8AM 6PM
200A
200A
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The challenge for (our) DSO’s
A
time 8AM 6PM
200A
200A
Het Open Smart Charging Protocol provides information about a forecast of the available capacity
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OSCP - positioning
(2.0)
Backoffice Operator
Charge Spot
Charge Spot
OCPP Mode 3 Backoffice DSO
OSCP
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OSCP – what is it
max
A
time now +24h
Open Smart Charging Protocol information about available capacity for flexible loads possibility to request or offer extra capacity
Backoffice Operator
Charge Spot
Charge Spot
OCPP Mode 3 Backoffice DSO
OSCP (2.0)
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Retailer
Backoffice DSO
OSCP EmSP
Charge Spot
OCPP Mode3
IP
What is OSCP not?
Extended OSCP?
Energy Availability Protocol? Energy Pricing Protocol?
Open Customer Protocol?
Capacity Pricing Protocol?
Customer
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Where are we now
Protocol defined first PoC’s delivered adapting back-end systems involvement of multiple parties
DSO’s
EmSP’s
Charge Station suppliers
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Where are we now
Dordrecht
Zwijndrecht
Amsterdam
Aerdenhout
Rosmalen ‘s-Hertogenbosch
Lochem
Hoogkerk
‘s-Hertogenbosch
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Where are we now
Dordrecht
Zwijndrecht
Amsterdam
Aerdenhout
Rosmalen ‘s-Hertogenbosch (Croon)
Lochem
Hoogkerk
‘s-Hertogenbosch (Heijmans)
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Where do we want to go?
• International uniformity • Smart charging as a service from DSO • Value of flexibility determined
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The use of open protocols was one of our directives when we
started with e-laad
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www.OpenChargeAlliance.org
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OCPP in a nutshell (What you may already know)
OCPP is an abbreviation for Open Charge Point Protocol OCPP is an open and free communication standard between
charging stations and central systems OCPP was initiated in 2009 by the E-Laad Foundation OCPP has become the protocol of choice in 50 countries, is used
to manage over 10,000 charge stations In the European market OCPP has become the de facto standard E-Laad established the OCPP Forum as a community supporting
the development and maintenance of OCPP
www.OpenChargeAlliance.org
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What do we need to solve? Charge stations are expensive Expensive stations Expensive back office/management systems
Limited choice with proprietary systems Very limited flexibility for future changes or extensions when
proprietary systems are used Risk on many different Human Machine Interactions on charge
stations when proprietary systems are used To many different connections to tools and apps from 3rd parties
Expensive Not flexible Not user friendly Not transparant
www.OpenChargeAlliance.org
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The answer Development and use of open, free to use, standard interfaces
between charge stations and management systems Pragmatic approach
Only develop what is necessary Focus on doing instead of talking Effective governance structure Good test tools Reliable certification
www.OpenChargeAlliance.org
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Why a new name and organization? Indicates we’re taking the protocol to the next level, to support growth in
stakeholder types, number, and market geographies Emphasizes and marks a new level of maturity with OCA
Formalized “open and free” IPR Policy (RANDz) Stronger governance structure and organization More rigorous requirements management and traceability Clearer working and decision processes, timelines and release cycles Welcoming new and different types of users and stakeholders Publication of OCPP 2.0, covering recent market requirements Protocol compliancy: testing, tools, and formal certification Growth of OCPP adoption
www.OpenChargeAlliance.org
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• First of all open standards contribute to interoperability. By using open standards the (digital) communication between different actors improves.
• In addition, open standards ensure that freedom is guaranteed.
Open standards are by their very nature, not software-specific and can be installed by each supplier. They are necessary for achieving vendor independence.
• This leads to high-quality and cost-effective information exchange.
• Open standards involves creating and applying agreements on
specifications of the interfaces between the co-operating applications, services, systems and networks. Characteristic of open standards is that there are no barriers to the use of the standards.
Why open protocols
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• Besides vendor independence and interoperability Open standards also lead towards transparency, accountability and manageability.
• This is a very important aspect in de development of the ‘smart ecosystem’. The different building blocks e.g EVSE development, smart charging, smart grids, smart energy, smart traffic, etc. have to come together one day.
• It is impossible to design the whole ecosystem top-down, so we need to connect the building blocks by making use of open standards.
Why open protocols
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Questions?
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