e-Government – frameworks and services

Arvo Ott, PhD,

arvo.ott@ega.ee

e-Governance Academy

www.ega.ee

2012

What are we?What are we?

• We are non-profit, non-government organization working in private law founded as a result of the Memorandum of Understanding (June 2002) between – UNDP (Bratislava), – OSI (Budapest) and – Estonian government (Ministry of Economy and Communication)

to facilitate the knowledge creation and knowledge transfer on e-governance.

• EGA formally founded December 2002

E-Governance Academy - ProgramsE-Governance Academy - Programs

• Central e-government program 2002

• Local and regional e-governance program 2005

• eDemocracy program 2004

• ICT in education 2004

• Mobile governance 2008

• Geographic Information Systems in public administration - 2008

• eGovernment in the field of Social Security – 2008

• Cyber security – policies and frameworks…

E-Estonia E-Estonia • 76 % of population are Internet users• 63 % of the households have a computer at home, 82 % of home computers

connected to Internet. • over 700 Public Internet Access Points in

Estonia, 51 per 100 000 people. • More than 1 100 000 smart-card type ID-

cards issued • 92% (citizens) of tax declarations were e-

declarations (2010), 97% businesses• 1 place in Internet Banking – (next are

Norway, Nederlands, New Zealand…. Finland in the 6th place)

• 18th (all 134) place in Network Readiness index, 3th in eGov, 1 in eGov services (Global IT Report 2008-2009 for World Economic Forum)

E-Estonia E-Estonia

• In August 2000, the Government of Estonia changed its Cabinet meetings to paperless sessions using a web-based document system.

Balanced e-GovernanceCombination of electronic services and participatory services

e- GOVERNMENTTransaction of user-oriented services offered by government that are based on information and communication technologies.

e-DEMOCRACYDigitally conveyed information (transparency) and the political influence (participation) exerted by citizens and business on the opinion-forming processes of public – state and non-state –institutions

Parental benefit – best eGov service in 2004 (interoperability of 5 information systems from 5 goverment institutions)

Parental benefit – best eGov service in 2004 (interoperability of 5 information systems from 5 goverment institutions)

eGovernment example:

eParticipation example: E-E-Voting in Estonia (140 8 46 e-Voting in Estonia (140 8 46 e-voters in 2011!)voters in 2011!)

Driving forces of eGovDriving forces of eGov

• Stable and functioning organizational setup for coordination.

• Leadership and political will.• Fixed info-political principles.• PPP, good telecom infrastructure and high level

of eBanking• Supporting legal and fiscal frameworks.• Interoperable ICT architecture.

Parliament

Government

Ministries

Informatics Council

INFORMATION

POLICY

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Framework C

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Example: Fixed info-political principles in EstoniaExample: Fixed info-political principles in Estonia

• Citizen (customer) orientation• Leading role for the private sector• Efficient and transparent public sector.

eDemocracy and participation.• Functioning model for protection of personal

data• Measures against digital divide (ID-cards

example…)• Neutrality concerning technological platforms• etc.

GovernmentCounty

governmentsCounty

governmentsIT managers

Localgovernments

Localgovernments

Representative

IT councils of counties

Local governmentassociations

Representative

ICT work groupsof counties

Councilrepresentative

InformaticsCouncil

Department ofState InformationSystems (RISO)

IT manager

InformaticsCentre

IC secretariat

ICT work groupsof ministries

IT councils ofministries

MinistriesMinistries

Management representatives &IT managers of

ministriesSubordinate

agenciesSubordinate

agencies

IT managers

Councilsdirectors

MINISTRY OF ECONOMIC AFFAIRS AND COMMUNICATIONS

ICT work groupof regional

development

eGov Center (CIO office)

eGov imple-menting institution

ICT work groupof ministries

MinistriesMinistries

CIO-s

Reform initiatives ICT Budget

•Regulation initiatives•eGov budget planning •monitoring of implementation•Interoperability Framework agreements

State Chancellery / Ministry

project procurement, supervision, implementation

systems maintenance

end user trainingIT Businesses IT Businesses

IT Businesses IT Businesses

Nature of document Name of Document Nature of regulation

Policy and strategy documents

eGov Strategy, Interoperability Framework

Infopolitical agreement, strong recommendation

Laws and sub-acts Databases acts, Personal Data Protection Act, Digital Signature Act etc.

Compulsory

Framework descriptions Architecture descriptions

Strong recommendation

Interoperability Related Standards

Documents, digital signature, security, message transfer etc.

Advise and recommendation

LegislationLegislation

– Databases Act (1997/ 2006)– Public Information Act (2001)– Digital Signatures Act (2000)– Act on Intellectual Property (applicable also for state

databases)– Principles of Estonian Information Policy (1998,

2004)– Action Plan of Estonian Information Policy –

(eEstonia) (1998, 1999, 2000, 2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006...)

– Personal Data Protection Act (1996)

Governmental RegistriesGovernmental Registries

• Many registries, all very different, managed and developed by different organizations and financed separately

• Very many users, most of them are very small organizations without security knowledge and with a very small IT budget

• Very high security requirements. Registries contain personal data that is in some cases used to make high value decisions and in some cases needed in real time

E- Gov Center:-strategy-budget-regulation-training

Shared, services infrastructure, portal, interoperabilityarchitecture, eID, payment gateway etc.

VISION

Ministries

Service Points

More and better services, More locations, 24/7,smaller Government, lower costs

13 April 2010 www.ega.ee

550 org.

5 110 DB

~ 400 000 ~ 45 000

500 DB1,100,000

Case: Estonia

Authentication for Interoperability Framework:Authentication for Interoperability Framework:

passwords Cryptographic smartcard ID-card Mobile-ID software certificates PIN calculators federated authentication (authentication service providers) 

Parameters:

 

• security level of the authentication scheme

• associated costs

• ease of deployment

ICT Infrastructure (example):• PKI•National chip-based Identity Cards

Issuing authority:Estonian Citizenship and Migration Board

Service contractor:TRÜB Switzerland

Start of issue:January 1, 2002

Conformance with:ICAO Doc. 9303 part 3 Inside 16 Kb RSA crypto chip are :

2 private keys; authentication certificate;digital signature certificate; personal data file

• ID-card is key component– e-police– e-health record– e-school– e-elections– ...

ID card as key

ID-tickets

Population registerPhone/GSM

Internet bank

Service points

ID-card is used to purchase ID-ticket and on validation

ID card based public transportation ticketsID card based public transportation ticketsID card based public transportation ticketsID card based public transportation tickets

Thank you for your attention!

Arvo Ott, PhDDirector eGovernance Academyarvo.ott@ega.ee www.ega.ee