e-Crash Course...Page | 1 CBSE Math Class 12th Preface to the First Edition This book is an effort...

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Page | 0 CBSE Math Class 12 th https://www.marksadda.com/ e-Crash Course Math Complete Course at a Glance for Class XII [Prepared strictly according to the latest syllabus issued by the Central Board of Secondary Education, New Delhi for 2020 Examination of Class XII] By Marksadda.com (A Unit of Ultra Creations) ISBN 978-81-943778-7-0

Transcript of e-Crash Course...Page | 1 CBSE Math Class 12th Preface to the First Edition This book is an effort...

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    e-Crash Course

    Math

    Complete Course at a Glance for Class XII

    [Prepared strictly according to the latest syllabus issued by the Central Board of

    Secondary Education, New Delhi for 2020 Examination of Class XII]

    By

    Marksadda.com

    (A Unit of Ultra Creations)

    ISBN 978-81-943778-7-0

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    Preface to the First Edition

    This book is an effort to provide basic concepts and explanations in a concise way.

    The topics have been explained through the examples.

    Some main features of this book are:

    1. The language used in this particular book is simple, lucid and easily

    understandable by the students.

    2. Essential graphs and diagrams have been correctly drawn and labeled well.

    3. The concepts and explanations are provided in a concise manner.

    Improvement is a consistent process to make the things better. Ultra Creations will

    add more values to this particular work regarding betterment and upgradation of

    content and quality in further editions. Suggestions and feedbacks are always

    welcomed from teachers and students on [email protected]

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    Copyright ยฉ 2019 Marks Adda

    All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed or transmitted in any

    for or by any means, including photocopying, recording, uploading, scanning, sharing on social

    media or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the written permission of the publisher.

    For permission request write to [email protected]

    Disclaimer:

    The information provided in this book is to help the students preparing for the examination. All

    efforts have been done to terminate errors in the content provided in this book. Neither the

    publisher nor the author shall be responsible for any errors, omissions or damages arising out of

    this information. Neither the publisher nor the author do not take any guarantee for any success in

    the examination.

    Jurisdiction:

    The jurisdiction area for any legal dispute will be Nainital, Uttarakhand, India only.

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    CONTENTS

    CHAPTER 1 โ€“ RELATIONS AND FUNCTION .โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ.โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ..โ€ฆ5

    CHAPTER 2 โ€“ INVERSE TRIGNOMETRIC FUNCTIONS .โ€ฆโ€ฆ.โ€ฆ..โ€ฆโ€ฆ17

    CHAPTER 3 โ€“ ALGEBRA OF MATRICESโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ.โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ...29

    CHAPTER 4 โ€“ DETERMINANTSโ€ฆโ€ฆ..โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ.โ€ฆโ€ฆ.โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ..โ€ฆ.โ€ฆ.41

    CHAPTER 5 โ€“ ADJOINT AND INVERSE OF A MATRIX โ€ฆ.โ€ฆ.โ€ฆโ€ฆ.โ€ฆ.52

    CHAPTER 6 โ€“ CONTINUTY AND DIFFERENTIABILITY โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ.66

    CHAPTER 7 โ€“ APPLICATIONS OF DERIVATIVES โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ.โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ.โ€ฆ.82

    CHAPTER 8 โ€“ INTEGRALS โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ.โ€ฆ.โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ..โ€ฆโ€ฆ.โ€ฆโ€ฆ.93

    CHAPTER 9 โ€“ APPLICATION OF INTEGRALS โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ.โ€ฆโ€ฆ 112

    CHAPTER 10โ€“ DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ..โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ.โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ120

    CHAPTER 11 โ€“ VECTOR ALGEBRAโ€ฆโ€ฆ..โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ.132

    CHAPTER 12 โ€“THREE DIMENSIONAL GEOMETRY โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ.โ€ฆโ€ฆ..149

    CHAPTER 13 โ€“ LINEAR PROGRAMMINGโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ.โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ...โ€ฆโ€ฆ159

    CHAPTER 14 โ€“ PROBABILITY..โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ. โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ..โ€ฆโ€ฆ.โ€ฆ.โ€ฆ172

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    1. STANDARD INTEGRALS:

    i. โˆซ ๐ฑ๐ง dx=๐’™๐’+๐Ÿ

    ๐’+๐Ÿ, nโ‰  โˆ’๐Ÿ

    ii. โˆซ๐Ÿ

    ๐ฑ dx=๐ฅ๐จ๐ |๐’™| +๐’„

    iii. โˆซ ๐’Œ ๐’…๐’™ =kx+๐’„

    iv. โˆซ ๐ฌ๐ข๐ง ๐’™ dx= โˆ’ ๐œ๐จ๐ฌ ๐’™ + ๐’„

    v. โˆซ ๐œ๐จ๐ฌ ๐’™ dx= ๐ฌ๐ข๐ง ๐’™ +c

    vi. โˆซ ๐’•๐’‚๐’ ๐’™ ๐’…๐’™ = โˆ’ ๐ฅ๐จ๐ |๐œ๐จ๐ฌ ๐’™ | +c

    vii. โˆซ ๐œ๐จ๐ญ ๐’™ dx =๐ฅ๐จ๐ |๐’”๐’Š๐’๐’™|

    viii. โˆซ ๐’”๐’†๐’„๐’™ dx =๐ฅ๐จ๐ |๐’”๐’†๐’„๐’™ + ๐’•๐’‚๐’๐’™| +C

    ix. โˆซ ๐’„๐’๐’”๐’†๐’„๐’™ ๐’…๐’™ = ๐ฅ๐จ๐ |๐’„๐’๐’”๐’†๐’„๐’™ โˆ’ ๐’„๐’๐’•๐’™| + ๐’„

    x. โˆซ ๐’”๐’†๐’„๐Ÿx dx = ๐ญ๐š๐ง ๐’™ +๐’„

    xi. โˆซ ๐’„๐’๐’”๐’†๐’„๐Ÿx dx = โˆ’ ๐œ๐จ๐ญ ๐’™ +๐’„

    xii. โˆซ ๐ฌ๐ž๐œ ๐’™ ๐ญ๐š๐ง ๐’™ dx = ๐’”๐’†๐’„๐’™+c

    xiii. โˆซ ๐œ๐จ๐ฌ๐ž๐œ ๐’™ dx= โˆ’ ๐œ๐จ๐ฌ๐ž๐œ ๐’™ +c

    xiv. โˆซ ๐’†๐’™ dx= ๐’†๐’™ +c

    xv. โˆซ ๐’‚๐’™ dx=๐’‚๐’™

    ๐ฅ๐จ๐  ๐’‚ +c

    xvi. โˆซ๐Ÿ

    โˆš๐’‚๐Ÿโˆ’๐’™๐Ÿ dx=๐ฌ๐ข๐งโˆ’๐Ÿ(

    ๐’™

    ๐’‚) + ๐’„

    xvii. โˆซ๐Ÿ

    ๐’‚๐Ÿ +๐’™๐Ÿ dx=

    ๐Ÿ

    ๐’‚ ๐ญ๐š๐งโˆ’๐Ÿ(

    ๐’™

    ๐’‚) +c

    8 INTEGRALS

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    xviii. โˆซ๐Ÿ

    ๐’™โˆš๐’™๐Ÿโˆ’๐’‚๐Ÿ dx=

    ๐Ÿ

    ๐’‚๐ฌ๐ž๐œโˆ’๐Ÿ(

    ๐’™

    ๐’‚)+c

    xix. โˆซ๐Ÿ

    ๐’™๐Ÿโˆ’๐’‚๐Ÿ dx=

    ๐Ÿ

    ๐Ÿ๐’‚ ๐ฅ๐จ๐  |

    ๐’™โˆ’๐’‚

    ๐’™+๐’‚|+c

    xx. โˆซ๐Ÿ

    ๐’‚๐Ÿโˆ’๐’™๐Ÿ dx=

    ๐Ÿ

    ๐Ÿ๐’‚ ๐ฅ๐จ๐  |

    ๐’‚+๐’™

    ๐’‚โˆ’๐’™| +c

    xxi. โˆซ๐Ÿ

    โˆš๐’‚๐Ÿ+๐’™๐Ÿ dx=๐ฅ๐จ๐ |๐’™ + โˆš๐’™๐Ÿ + ๐’‚๐Ÿ| +c

    xxii. โˆซ๐Ÿ

    โˆš๐’™๐Ÿโˆ’๐’‚๐Ÿ dx=๐ฅ๐จ๐ |๐’™ + โˆš๐’™๐Ÿ โˆ’ ๐’‚๐Ÿ| +c

    xxiii. โˆซ โˆš๐’‚๐Ÿ โˆ’ ๐’™๐Ÿ dx= ๐Ÿ

    ๐Ÿ xโˆš๐’‚๐Ÿ โˆ’ ๐’™๐Ÿ +

    ๐Ÿ

    ๐Ÿ ๐’‚๐Ÿ ๐ฌ๐ข๐งโˆ’๐Ÿ

    ๐’™

    ๐’‚ +c

    xxiv. โˆซ โˆš๐’™๐Ÿ โˆ’ ๐’‚๐Ÿdx= ๐Ÿ

    ๐Ÿxโˆš๐’™๐Ÿ โˆ’ ๐’‚๐Ÿ โˆ’

    ๐Ÿ

    ๐Ÿ ๐’‚๐Ÿ ๐ฅ๐จ๐ |๐’™ + โˆš๐’™๐Ÿ โˆ’ ๐’‚๐Ÿ|+c

    xxv. โˆซ โˆš๐’‚๐Ÿ + ๐’™๐Ÿdx=๐Ÿ

    ๐Ÿxโˆš๐’™๐Ÿ + ๐’‚๐Ÿ+

    ๐Ÿ

    ๐Ÿ๐’‚๐Ÿ ๐ฅ๐จ๐ |๐’™ + โˆš๐’™๐Ÿ + ๐’‚๐Ÿ|+c

    2. Method of integrate special type:

    Type1. โˆซ๐’…๐’™

    ๐’‚+๐’ƒ ๐œ๐จ๐ฌ ๐’™ , โˆซ

    ๐’…๐’™

    ๐’‚+๐’ƒ ๐ฌ๐ข๐ง ๐’™ ,โˆซ

    ๐’…๐’™

    ๐’‚ ๐œ๐จ๐ฌ ๐’™+๐’ƒ ๐ฌ๐ข๐ง ๐’™ , โˆซ

    ๐’…๐’™

    ๐’‚ ๐ฌ๐ข๐ง ๐’™+๐’ƒ ๐œ๐จ๐ฌ ๐’™+๐’„

    Step1: put sin ๐‘ฅ=1โˆ’๐‘ก๐‘Ž๐‘›2

    ๐‘ฅ

    2

    1+๐‘ก๐‘Ž๐‘›2 ๐‘ฅ

    2

    and cos ๐‘ฅ=2 tan

    ๐‘ฅ

    2

    1+๐‘ก๐‘Ž๐‘›2 ๐‘ฅ

    2

    Step 2:put tan๐‘ฅ

    2 =t and dx=

    2๐‘ก

    1+๐‘ก2

    Type2. โˆซ๐’…๐’™

    ๐’‚+๐’ƒ๐’”๐’Š๐’๐Ÿ๐’™ , โˆซ

    ๐’…๐’™

    ๐’‚+๐’ƒ๐’„๐’๐’”๐Ÿ๐’™ ,โˆซ

    ๐’…๐’™

    ๐’‚๐’”๐’Š๐’๐Ÿ๐’™+๐’ƒ๐’„๐’๐’”๐Ÿ๐’™,

    โˆซ๐’…๐’™

    ๐’‚+๐’ƒ๐’”๐’Š๐’๐Ÿ๐’™+๐’„๐’„๐’๐’”๐Ÿ๐’™ ,โˆซ

    ๐’…๐’™

    (๐’‚ ๐ฌ๐ข๐ง ๐’™+๐’ƒ ๐œ๐จ๐ฌ ๐’™)๐Ÿ

    Step1: Divide numerator and denominator by ๐‘๐‘œ๐‘ 2๐‘ฅ

    Step 2: Put tan ๐‘ฅ=t and ๐‘ ๐‘’๐‘2๐‘ฅdx= dt.

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    Type3. โˆซ๐Ÿ

    ๐’‚๐’™๐Ÿ+๐’ƒ๐’™+๐’„dx, โˆซ

    ๐Ÿ

    โˆš๐’‚๐’™๐Ÿ+๐’ƒ๐’™+๐’„dx,โˆซ โˆš๐’‚๐’™๐Ÿ + ๐’ƒ๐’™ + ๐’„ dx

    Step 1: Make coeff. Of ๐‘ฅ2 ๐‘Ž๐‘  ๐‘ข๐‘›๐‘–๐‘ก๐‘ฆ.

    Step 2: Make perfect square by adding and subtracting (๐‘๐‘œ๐‘’๐‘“๐‘“.๐‘œ๐‘“ ๐‘ฅ

    2)2.

    Type4. โˆซ๐Ÿ

    ๐’™(๐’™๐’+๐’Œ) dx

    Step 1: Multiply numerator and denominator by๐‘ฅ๐‘›โˆ’1.

    Step 2: put ๐‘ฅ๐‘›+K =t so that

    n๐‘ฅ๐‘›โˆ’1dx=dt

    Type5. โˆซ๐’‡โ€ฒ(๐’™)

    ๐’‡(๐’™) dx or โˆซ(๐’‡(๐’™))

    ๐’๐’‡โ€ฒ(๐’™)๐’…๐’™

    Step 1: put f(x)=t so that ๐‘“โ€ฒ(x)dx=dt

    Step 2: Apply โˆซ1

    ๐‘ก dt =log|๐‘ก|+c or

    โˆซ ๐‘ก๐‘›๐‘‘๐‘ก = ๐‘ก๐‘›+1

    ๐‘›+1 +c

    Type6.โˆซ๐’‘๐’™+๐’’

    ๐’‚๐’™๐Ÿ+๐’ƒ๐’™+๐’„dx orโˆซ

    ๐’‘๐’™+๐’’

    โˆš๐’‚๐’™๐Ÿ+๐’ƒ๐’™+๐’„dx

    Step 1: Put px+q=A๐‘‘(๐‘Ž๐‘ฅ2+๐‘๐‘ฅ+๐‘)

    ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ +c

    Step 2: Equate coeff. Of x and constant term to get A and B.

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    Type7.โˆซ๐‘ฅ2ยฑ1

    ๐‘ฅ4ยฑ๐‘˜๐‘ฅ2+1 dx

    Step 1: Divide numerator and denominator by ๐‘ฅ2.

    Step 2: Make a perfect square in the denominator.

    Step 3: Put x ยฑ1

    ๐‘ฅ= t so that

    (1 โˆ“1

    ๐‘ฅ2) dx=dt

    Type8. โˆซ๐‘Ž sin ๐‘ฅ+๐‘ cos ๐‘ฅ

    ๐‘ sin ๐‘ฅ+๐‘‘ cos ๐‘ฅ dx,

    Where cโ‰ 0, dโ‰  0 and at least one of a and b is non-zero.

    Step 1: Put asin ๐‘ฅ+bcos ๐‘ฅ=A๐‘‘(๐‘ sin ๐‘ฅ+๐‘‘ cos ๐‘ฅ)

    ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ + B(csin ๐‘ฅ + ๐‘‘ cos ๐‘ฅ)

    Step 2: Apply formula

    โˆซ๐‘“โ€ฒ(๐‘ฅ)

    ๐‘“(๐‘ฅ) dx =log|๐‘“(๐‘ฅ)|+c

    Type9. โˆซ ๐‘“(๐‘ฅ)๐‘”(๐‘ฅ)๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    Step 1:choose first function and second function according to ILATE

    Iโ†’Inverse trigonometric function

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    Lโ†’Logarithmic function

    Aโ†’Algebraic function

    Tโ†’Trignometric function

    Eโ†’Exponential function

    Step 2:Let f(x) is first function and g(x) is second function. Write as

    f(x)โˆซ ๐‘”(๐‘ฅ)dx-โˆซ(๐‘“โ€ฒ(๐‘ฅ).โˆซ ๐‘”(๐‘ฅ)๐‘‘๐‘ฅ)๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    Type10.โˆซ๐‘ฅ2

    (๐‘ฅ2+๐‘Ž2)(๐‘ฅ2+๐‘2)dx

    Step 1:Let ๐‘ฅ2=y to get ๐‘ฆ

    (๐‘ฆ+๐‘Ž2)(๐‘ฆ+๐‘2)

    Step 2:Resolve it into partial fraction.

    Step 3: Replace y by ๐‘ฅ2๐‘Ž๐‘›๐‘‘ integrate.

    Type11. โˆซ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    ๐‘ƒโˆš๐‘„

    a) If โ€˜Pโ€™ is linear or quadratic and โ€˜Qโ€™ is linear then put โˆš๐‘„=t

    b) If โ€˜Pโ€™ is liner and โ€˜Qโ€™ is quadratic then put P=1

    ๐‘ก

    c) If โ€˜Pโ€™ and โ€˜Qโ€™ are both pure quadratic then put x=1

    ๐‘ก and then โˆš๐‘„ =z

    Note: To integrate โˆซ๐’™ ๐’…๐’™

    ๐‘ท โˆš๐‘ธ

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    If โ€˜Pโ€™ and โ€˜Qโ€™ are both pure quadratic then put โˆš๐‘„=t

    Type 12: โˆซ ๐‘’๐‘ฅ[f(x)+๐‘“โ€ฒ(๐‘ฅ)]dx

    Step 1: Write it as โˆซ ๐‘’๐‘ฅ ๐‘“(๐‘ฅ)๐‘‘๐‘ฅ + โˆซ ๐‘’๐‘ฅ๐‘“โ€ฒ(๐‘ฅ)๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    Step 2: Apply integration by parts in โˆซ ๐‘’๐‘ฅ๐‘“(๐‘ฅ)๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    Type13. Integration using partial fraction:

    INTEGRAND FORM OF PARTIAL FRACTION

    a) ๐‘๐‘ฅ+๐‘ž

    (๐‘ฅโˆ’๐‘Ž)(๐‘ฅโˆ’๐‘)

    ๐ด

    ๐‘ฅโˆ’๐‘Ž +

    ๐ต

    ๐‘ฅโˆ’๐‘

    b) ๐‘๐‘ฅ2+๐‘ž๐‘ฅ+๐‘Ÿ

    (๐‘ฅโˆ’๐‘Ž)(๐‘ฅโˆ’๐‘)(๐‘ฅโˆ’๐‘)

    ๐ด

    ๐‘ฅ โˆ’ ๐‘Ž+

    ๐ต

    ๐‘ฅ โˆ’ ๐‘+

    ๐ถ

    ๐‘ฅ โˆ’ ๐‘

    c) ๐‘๐‘ฅ+๐‘ž

    (๐‘ฅโˆ’๐‘Ž)2

    ๐ด

    ๐‘ฅโˆ’๐‘Ž +

    ๐ต

    (๐‘ฅโˆ’๐‘Ž)2

    d) ๐‘๐‘ฅ2+๐‘ž๐‘ฅ+๐‘Ÿ

    (๐‘ฅโˆ’๐‘Ž) (๐‘ฅโˆ’๐‘)2

    ๐ด

    ๐‘ฅ โˆ’ ๐‘Ž+

    ๐ต

    ๐‘ฅ โˆ’ ๐‘+

    ๐ถ

    (๐‘ฅ โˆ’ ๐‘)2

    e) ๐‘๐‘ฅ2+๐‘ž๐‘ฅ+๐‘Ÿ

    (๐‘ฅโˆ’๐‘Ž) (๐‘ฅ2+๐‘๐‘ฅ+๐‘)

    ๐ด

    ๐‘ฅโˆ’๐‘Ž+

    ๐ต๐‘ฅ+๐ถ

    ๐‘ฅ2+๐‘๐‘ฅ+๐‘

    Type14.

    a) โˆซ ๐‘ ๐‘–๐‘›๐‘š๐‘ฅ ๐‘๐‘œ๐‘ ๐‘›๐‘ฅ ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    i. If โ€˜mโ€™ is positive odd integer then put cos ๐‘ฅ=t

    ii. If โ€˜nโ€™ is positive odd integer then put sin ๐‘ฅ=t

    iii. If both m, n are positive even integer then apply

    ๐‘ ๐‘–๐‘›2๐‘ฅ =1โˆ’cos 2๐‘ฅ

    2 and ๐‘๐‘œ๐‘ 2๐‘ฅ =

    1+cos 2๐‘ฅ

    2

    iv. If m+n is negative even integer then put tan ๐‘ฅ = t

    b) โˆซ ๐‘ ๐‘–๐‘›๐‘›๐‘ฅ dx; If โ€˜nโ€™ is positive odd integer then put cos ๐‘ฅ = t

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  • Page | 10 CBSE Math Class 12th https://www.marksadda.com/

    c) โˆซ ๐‘๐‘œ๐‘ ๐‘› ๐‘ฅ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ; If โ€˜nโ€™ is positive odd integer then put sin ๐‘ฅ =t

    d) โˆซ ๐‘ ๐‘’๐‘๐‘›๐‘ฅ ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ; If โ€˜nโ€™ is positive even integer then put tan ๐‘ฅ =t

    e) โˆซ ๐‘๐‘œ๐‘ ๐‘’๐‘๐‘›๐‘ฅ ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ; If โ€˜nโ€™ is positive even integer then put cot ๐‘ฅ =t

    3. Properties of Definite integrals:

    i. โˆซ ๐’‡(๐’™)๐’ƒ

    ๐’‚ ๐’…๐’™ = โˆ’ โˆซ ๐’‡(๐’™)๐’…๐’™

    ๐’ƒ

    ๐’‚

    ii. โˆซ ๐’‡(๐’™)๐’ƒ

    ๐’‚๐’…๐’™ = โˆซ ๐’‡(๐‘ฟ)๐’…๐’™

    ๐’„

    ๐’‚+โˆซ ๐’‡(๐’™)

    ๐’ƒ

    ๐’„ ๐’…๐’™, for a< c

  • Page | 11 CBSE Math Class 12th https://www.marksadda.com/

    IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

    Find the integral of โˆซ๐‘ ๐‘’๐‘2๐‘ฅ

    ๐‘๐‘œ ๐‘ ๐‘’๐‘2๐‘ฅ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    Solution

    โˆซ๐‘ ๐‘’๐‘2๐‘ฅ

    ๐‘๐‘œ ๐‘ ๐‘’๐‘2๐‘ฅ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    1

    ๐‘๐‘œ๐‘ 2๐‘ฅ

    = โˆซ1

    ๐‘ ๐‘–๐‘›2๐‘ฅ ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    = โˆซ๐‘ ๐‘–๐‘›2๐‘ฅ

    ๐‘๐‘œ๐‘ 2๐‘ฅ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    = โˆซ ๐‘ก๐‘Ž๐‘›2๐‘ฅ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    = โˆซ(๐‘ ๐‘’๐‘2๐‘ฅ โˆ’ 1)๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    = โˆซ ๐‘ ๐‘’๐‘2๐‘ฅ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ โˆ’ โˆซ 1๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    = ๐‘ก๐‘Ž๐‘› ๐‘ฅ โˆ’ ๐‘ฅ + ๐‘

    Integrate the function 2๐‘ฅ

    1+๐‘ฅ2

    Solution

    = โˆซ2๐‘ฅ

    1+๐‘ฅ2 ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    ๐‘๐‘ข๐‘ก 1 + ๐‘ฅ2 = ๐‘ก โŸน 2๐‘ฅ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ = ๐‘‘๐‘ก

    โ‡’ โˆซ2๐‘ฅ

    1+๐‘ฅ2 ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ = โˆซ 1

    ๐‘ก๐‘‘๐‘ก

    = ๐‘™๐‘œ๐‘”|๐‘ก| + ๐‘

    = log(1 + ๐‘ฅ2) + ๐‘

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  • Page | 12 CBSE Math Class 12th https://www.marksadda.com/

    Integeate the function sin(ax+b)cos(ax+b)

    Solution

    sin(ax+b)cos(ax+b) = 2 sin(๐‘Ž๐‘ฅ+๐‘)cos (๐‘Ž๐‘ฅ+๐‘)

    2=

    ๐‘ ๐‘–๐‘›2(๐‘Ž๐‘ฅ+๐‘)

    2

    put 2(ax+b) = t

    โ‡’2adx = dt

    โ‡’โˆซ๐‘ ๐‘–๐‘›2(๐‘Ž๐‘ฅ+๐‘)

    2 ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ =

    1

    2โˆซ

    ๐‘ ๐‘–๐‘›๐‘ก๐‘‘๐‘ก

    2๐‘Ž

    =1

    4๐‘Ž[โˆ’ cos ๐‘ก] + ๐‘

    =โˆ’1

    4๐‘Ž๐‘๐‘œ๐‘ 2(๐‘Ž๐‘ฅ + ๐‘) + ๐‘

    Integrate the function ๐‘’2๐‘ฅโˆ’ ๐‘’โˆ’2๐‘ฅ

    ๐‘’2๐‘ฅ+ ๐‘’โˆ’2๐‘ฅ

    Solution

    Let ๐‘’2๐‘ฅ + ๐‘’โˆ’2๐‘ฅ = ๐‘ก

    โˆด (2๐‘’2๐‘ฅ โˆ’ 2๐‘’โˆ’2๐‘ฅ)๐‘‘๐‘ฅ = ๐‘‘๐‘ก

    โ‡’ 2(๐‘’2๐‘ฅ โˆ’ 2๐‘’โˆ’2๐‘ฅ)๐‘‘๐‘ฅ = ๐‘‘๐‘ก

    โ‡’ โˆซ (๐‘’2๐‘ฅโˆ’ ๐‘’โˆ’2๐‘ฅ

    ๐‘’2๐‘ฅ+ ๐‘’โˆ’2๐‘ฅ) = ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ โˆซ

    ๐‘‘๐‘ก

    2๐‘ก

    = 1

    2โˆซ

    1

    2๐‘‘๐‘ก

    =1

    2๐‘™๐‘œ๐‘”|๐‘ก| + ๐‘

    =1

    2๐‘™๐‘œ๐‘”|๐‘’2๐‘ฅ + ๐‘’โˆ’2๐‘ฅ| + ๐‘

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  • Page | 13 CBSE Math Class 12th https://www.marksadda.com/

    Find the integral of the function ๐‘ ๐‘–๐‘›4๐‘ฅ

    Solution

    ๐‘ ๐‘–๐‘›4๐‘ฅ = ๐‘ ๐‘–๐‘›2๐‘ฅ ๐‘ ๐‘–๐‘›2๐‘ฅ

    = (1โˆ’๐‘๐‘œ๐‘ 2๐‘ฅ

    2) (

    1โˆ’๐‘๐‘œ๐‘ 2๐‘ฅ

    2)

    =1

    4(1 โˆ’ ๐‘๐‘œ๐‘ 2๐‘ฅ)2

    =1

    4[1 + ๐‘๐‘œ๐‘ 22๐‘ฅ โˆ’ 2๐‘๐‘œ๐‘ 2๐‘ฅ]

    =1

    4[1 + (

    1+๐‘๐‘œ๐‘ 4๐‘ฅ

    2) โˆ’ 2๐‘๐‘œ๐‘ 2๐‘ฅ]

    =1

    4[1 +

    1

    2+

    1

    2๐‘๐‘œ๐‘ 4๐‘ฅ โˆ’ 2๐‘๐‘œ๐‘ 2๐‘ฅ]

    = 1

    4[

    3

    2+

    1

    2๐‘๐‘œ๐‘ 4๐‘ฅ โˆ’ 2๐‘๐‘œ๐‘ 2๐‘ฅ]

    โˆด โˆซ ๐‘ ๐‘–๐‘›4๐‘ฅ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ =1

    4โˆซ [

    3

    2+

    1

    2๐‘๐‘œ๐‘ 4๐‘ฅ โˆ’ 2๐‘๐‘œ๐‘ 2๐‘ฅ]dx

    =1

    4[

    3

    2๐‘ฅ+

    1

    2(

    ๐‘ ๐‘–๐‘›4๐‘ฅ

    4) โˆ’

    2๐‘ ๐‘–๐‘›2๐‘ฅ

    2] + ๐‘

    =1

    8[3๐‘ฅ +

    ๐‘ ๐‘–๐‘›4๐‘ฅ

    4โˆ’ 2๐‘ ๐‘–๐‘›2๐‘ฅ] + ๐‘

    =3๐‘ฅ

    8โˆ’

    1

    4๐‘ ๐‘–๐‘›2๐‘ฅ +

    1

    32๐‘ ๐‘–๐‘›4๐‘ฅ + ๐‘

    Integrate the retional function 3๐‘ฅ+5

    ๐‘ฅ3=๐‘ฅ2โˆ’๐‘ฅ+1

    Solution

    3๐‘ฅ+5

    ๐‘ฅ3โˆ’๐‘ฅ2โˆ’๐‘ฅ+1=

    3๐‘ฅ+5

    (๐‘ฅโˆ’1)2(๐‘ฅ+1)

    Let 3๐‘ฅ+5

    (๐‘ฅโˆ’1)2(๐‘ฅ+1)=

    ๐ด

    (๐‘ฅโˆ’1)+

    ๐ต

    (๐‘ฅโˆ’1)2+

    ๐‘

    (๐‘ฅ+1)

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  • Page | 14 CBSE Math Class 12th https://www.marksadda.com/

    โ‡’ 3๐‘ฅ + 5 = ๐ด(๐‘ฅ โˆ’ 1)(๐‘ฅ + 1) + ๐ต(๐‘ฅ + 1) + ๐ถ(๐‘ฅ โˆ’ 1)2

    โ‡’3๐‘ฅ + 5 = ๐ด(๐‘ฅ2 โˆ’ 1) + ๐ต(๐‘‹ + 1) + ๐ถ(๐‘ฅ2 + 1 โˆ’ 2๐‘ฅ) โ€ฆ โ€ฆ โ€ฆ . . (1)

    Substituting x=1 in equation (1). We obtain

    B=4

    Equating the coefficients of ๐‘ฅ2 and x , we obtain

    A + C = 0

    B โ€“ 2C = 3

    On solving, we obtain

    ๐ด = โˆ’1

    2 ๐‘Ž๐‘›๐‘‘ ๐ถ =

    1

    2

    โˆด 3๐‘ฅ+5

    (๐‘ฅโˆ’1)2(๐‘ฅ+1)=

    โˆ’1

    2(๐‘ฅโˆ’1)+

    4

    (๐‘ฅโˆ’1)2+

    1

    2(๐‘ฅ+1)

    โ‡’ โˆซ3๐‘ฅ + 5

    (๐‘ฅ โˆ’ 1)2(๐‘ฅ + 1)๐‘‘๐‘ฅ = โˆ’

    1

    2โˆซ

    1

    ๐‘ฅ โˆ’ 1๐‘‘๐‘ฅ + 4 โˆซ

    1

    (๐‘ฅ โˆ’ 1)2๐‘‘๐‘ฅ +

    1

    2โˆซ

    1

    (๐‘ฅ + 1)๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    = โˆ’1

    2๐‘™๐‘œ๐‘”|๐‘ฅ โˆ’ 1| + 4 (

    โˆ’1

    ๐‘ฅโˆ’1) +

    1

    2๐‘™๐‘œ๐‘”|๐‘ฅ + 1| + ๐ถ

    =1

    2๐‘™๐‘œ๐‘” |

    ๐‘ฅ+1

    ๐‘ฅโˆ’1| โˆ’

    4

    (๐‘ฅโˆ’1+ ๐ถ

    Integrate the function 1

    โˆš8+3๐‘ฅโˆ’๐‘ฅ2

    Solution

    8 + 3๐‘ฅ โˆ’ ๐‘ฅ2 = 8 โˆ’ (๐‘ฅ2 โˆ’ 3๐‘ฅ +9

    4โˆ’

    9

    4)

    =41

    4โˆ’ (๐‘ฅ โˆ’

    3

    2)2

    โ‡’โˆซ1

    โˆš8+3๐‘ฅโˆ’๐‘ฅ2๐‘‘๐‘ฅ = โˆซ

    1

    โˆš41

    4โˆ’(๐‘ฅโˆ’

    3

    2)2 ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    Let ๐‘ฅ โˆ’3

    2= ๐‘ก

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  • Page | 15 CBSE Math Class 12th https://www.marksadda.com/

    โ‡’โˆซ1

    โˆš41

    4โˆ’(๐‘ฅโˆ’

    3

    2)2 ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    โˆซ1

    โˆš(โˆš41

    2)2โˆ’๐‘ก2 ๐‘‘๐‘ก

    = ๐‘ ๐‘–๐‘› โˆ’ 1 (๐‘ก

    โˆš41

    2

    ) + ๐ถ

    ๐‘ฅ โˆ’3

    2

    = ๐‘ ๐‘–๐‘› โˆ’ 1 (โˆš41

    2) + ๐ถ

    = ๐‘ ๐‘–๐‘› โˆ’ 1 (2๐‘ฅโˆ’3

    โˆš41) + ๐ถ

    By using the properties of definite intregals, evaluate the intergral โˆซ |๐‘ฅ + 2|๐‘‘๐‘ฅ5

    โˆ’5

    Solution

    Let ๐ผ = โˆซ |๐‘ฅ + 2|๐‘‘๐‘ฅ5

    โˆ’5

    It can be see that (x + 2)โ‰ค 0 on [- 5, -2] and โ‰ฅ 0 on [- 2,5]

    โˆด ๐ผ = โˆซโˆ’2

    โˆ’5โˆ’ (๐‘ฅ + 2)๐‘‘๐‘ฅ + โˆซ

    โˆ’2

    โˆ’5โˆ’ (๐‘ฅ + 2)๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    = โˆ’ [๐‘ฅ2

    2+ 2๐‘ฅ] โˆ’2

    โˆ’5 +[

    ๐‘ฅ2

    2+ 2๐‘ฅ] โˆ’2

    โˆ’5

    = โˆ’ [(โˆ’2)2

    2+ 2(โˆ’2) โˆ’

    (โˆ’5)2

    2โˆ’ 2(โˆ’5)] + [

    (5)2

    2+ 2(5) โˆ’

    (โˆ’2)2

    2โˆ’ 2(โˆ’2)]

    = โˆ’ [โˆ’2 โˆ’ 4 โˆ’25

    2+ 10]+[

    25

    2+ 10 โˆ’ 2 + 4]

    = โˆ’2 + 4 +25

    2โˆ’ 10 +

    25

    2+ 10 โˆ’ 2 + 4 = 29

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  • Page | 16 CBSE Math Class 12th https://www.marksadda.com/

    PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTION PAPER

    Evaluate โˆซ (2๐‘ฅ2 + 5๐‘ฅ)๐‘‘๐‘ฅ 3

    1as a limit of a sum.

    [CBSE 2010]

    Prove that โˆซ (โˆštan ๐‘ฅ + โˆšcot ๐‘ฅ)) ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ = โˆš2.๐œ‹/4

    0 ๐œ‹

    2

    [CBSE 2010]

    Evaluate : โˆซ2

    (1โˆ’๐‘ฅ)(1+๐‘ฅ2)๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    [CBSE 2010]

    Evaluate : โˆซ sin ๐‘ฅ sin 2๐‘ฅ sin 3๐‘ฅ ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    [CBSE 2010]

    Evaluate โˆซ(1 โˆ’ ๐‘ฅ)โˆš๐‘ฅ ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ.

    [CBSE 2010]

    Evaluate : โˆซ1

    ๐‘ฅ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    3

    2

    [CBSE 2010]

    Evaluate : โˆซsin ๐‘ฅ+cos ๐‘ฅ

    9+16 sin 2๐‘ฅ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    ๐œ‡

    40

    [CBSE 2011]

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  • Page | 17 CBSE Math Class 12th https://www.marksadda.com/

    Evaluate โˆซ (๐‘ฅ2 โˆ’ ๐‘ฅ)๐‘‘๐‘ฅ4

    1 as a limit of sums.

    [CBSE 2011]

    Evaluate : โˆซ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    1+๐‘ฅ2โˆš3

    11

    [CBSE 2011]

    Evaluate : โˆซ(1+log ๐‘ฅ)

    ๐‘ฅ

    2๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    [CBSE 2011]

    Evaluate: โˆซ (2๐‘ฅ2 + 5๐‘ฅ)๐‘‘๐‘ฅ3

    1 as a limit of a sum.

    [CBSE 2011]

    Evaluate: โˆซ3๐‘ฅโˆ’1

    (๐‘ฅ+2)2๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    [CBSE 2012]

    Prove that โˆซ (โˆštan ๐‘ฅ + โˆšcot ๐‘ฅ) ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ = โˆš2.๐œ‹/4

    0 ๐œ‹

    2

    [CBSE 2012]

    Evaluate: โˆซ2

    (1โˆ’๐‘ฅ)(1+๐‘ฅ2)๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    [CBSE 2012]

    Evaluate : โˆซ๐‘๐‘œ๐‘ 2๐‘ฅ

    ๐‘๐‘œ๐‘ 2๐‘ฅ+4๐‘ ๐‘–๐‘›2๐‘ฅ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    ๐œ‹/4

    0

    [CBSE 2012]

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  • Page | 18 CBSE Math Class 12th https://www.marksadda.com/

    Evaluate : โˆซ (๐‘ฅ2 + ๐‘ฅ)๐‘‘๐‘ฅ3

    1 as a limit of a sum.

    [CBSE 2012]

    Evaluate : โˆซ ๐‘ฅ2

    ๐‘ก๐‘Ž๐‘›โˆ’1๐‘ฅ ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    [CBSE 2012]

    Evaluate: โˆซ sin ๐‘ฅ sin 2๐‘ฅ๐‘ ๐‘–๐‘› 3๐‘ฅ ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    [CBSE 2012]

    If โˆซ 3๐‘ฅ2 ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ = 8,๐‘Ž

    0 write the value of โ€˜aโ€™

    [CBSE 2012]

    If โˆซ (๐‘ฅโˆ’1

    ๐‘ฅ2) ๐‘’๐‘ฅ ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ = ๐‘“(๐‘ฅ)๐‘’2 + ๐‘, then write the value of ๐‘“(๐‘ฅ).

    [CBSE 2012]

    Evaluate โˆซ(1 โˆ’ ๐‘ฅ)โˆš๐‘ฅ ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    [CBSE 2012]

    Evaluate : โˆซ1

    ๐‘ฅ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    3

    1

    [CBSE 2012]

    Evaluate : โˆซ (|๐‘ฅ| + |๐‘ฅ โˆ’ 2| + |๐‘ฅ โˆ’ 4|)๐‘‘๐‘ฅ4

    0

    [CBSE 2013]

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  • Page | 19 CBSE Math Class 12th https://www.marksadda.com/

    Evaluate: โˆซ๐‘ฅ2

    (๐‘ฅ2+4)(๐‘ฅ2+9)๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    [CBSE 2013]

    Evaluate : โˆซ5๐‘ฅโˆ’2

    1+2๐‘ฅ+3๐‘ฅ2๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    [CBSE 2013]

    Evaluate : โˆซsin (๐‘ฅโˆ’๐‘Ž)

    sin (๐‘ฅ+๐‘Ž)๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    [CBSE 2013]

    Evaluate: โˆซ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    1+โˆšcot ๐‘ฅ

    ๐œ‹/3

    ๐œ‹/6

    [CBSE 2014]

    Evaluate : โˆซ(๐‘ฅ โˆ’ 3)โˆš๐‘ฅ2 + 3๐‘ฅ โˆ’ 18 dx

    [CBSE 2014]

    Evaluate : โˆซ๐‘ ๐‘–๐‘›6๐‘ฅ+๐‘๐‘œ๐‘ 6๐‘ฅ

    ๐‘ ๐‘–๐‘›2๐‘ฅ.๐‘๐‘œ๐‘ 2๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    [CBSE 2014]

    Evaluate : โˆซ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    9+๐‘ฅ23

    0

    [CBSE 2014]

    https://www.marksadda.com/https://www.marksadda.com/coursedetails/-Maths/1-6https://www.marksadda.com/

  • Page | 20 CBSE Math Class 12th https://www.marksadda.com/

    Write the antiderivative of ( โˆš๐‘ฅ3

    +1

    โˆš๐‘ฅ).

    [CBSE 2014]

    Find โˆซ๐‘ ๐‘–๐‘›โˆ’1๐‘ฅ

    (1โˆ’๐‘ฅ2)3/2๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    1

    โˆš2

    0

    [CBSE 2015]

    Find โˆซ๐‘ฅ

    (๐‘ฅ2+1)(๐‘ฅโˆ’1)๐‘‘๐‘ฅ.

    [CBSE 2015]

    Evaluate : โˆซ (1 + tan ๐‘ฅ) ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ๐œ‹/4

    0

    [CBSE 2015]

    Find : โˆซ๐‘ฅ ๐‘ ๐‘–๐‘›โˆ’1๐‘ฅ

    โˆš1โˆ’๐‘ฅ2๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    [CBSE 2016]

    Find โˆซ(๐‘ฅ2+1)(๐‘ฅ2+4)

    (๐‘ฅ2+3)(๐‘ฅ2โˆ’5)๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    [CBSE 2016]

    Find โˆซ(2๐‘ฅ + 5)โˆš10 โˆ’ 4๐‘ฅ โˆ’ 3๐‘ฅ2๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    [CBSE 2016]

    https://www.marksadda.com/https://www.marksadda.com/coursedetails/-Maths/1-6https://www.marksadda.com/

  • Page | 21 CBSE Math Class 12th https://www.marksadda.com/

    Find โˆซ3๐‘ฅ

    3๐‘ฅโˆ’1๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    [CBSE 2017]

    Find โˆซ๐‘ฅ

    โˆš32โˆ’๐‘ฅ2๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    [CBSE 2017]

    Evaluate : โˆซ๐‘ฅ sin ๐‘ฅ

    1+๐‘๐‘œ๐‘ 2๐‘ฅ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    ๐œ‹

    0

    [CBSE 2017]

    Find โˆซ๐‘ฅ2+๐‘ฅ+1

    (๐‘ฅ+1)2(๐‘ฅโˆ’2)๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    [CBSE 2017]

    Find โˆซ(๐‘ฅ โˆ’ 3)โˆš3 โˆ’ 2๐‘ฅ โˆ’ ๐‘ฅ2 ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    [CBSE 2017]

    Evaluate : โˆซcos 2๐‘ฅ+2๐‘ ๐‘–๐‘›2 ๐‘ฅ

    ๐‘๐‘œ๐‘ 2๐‘ฅ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    [CBSE 2018]

    Find โˆซ2 cos ๐‘ฅ

    (1โˆ’sin ๐‘ฅ)(1+๐‘ ๐‘–๐‘›2 ๐‘ฅ)๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    [CBSE 2018]

    https://www.marksadda.com/https://www.marksadda.com/coursedetails/-Maths/1-6https://www.marksadda.com/

  • Page | 22 CBSE Math Class 12th https://www.marksadda.com/

    Evaluate : โˆซ sin ๐‘ฅ+cos ๐‘ฅ

    16+9 sin 2๐‘ฅ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ

    ๐œ‹/4

    0

    [CBSE 2018]

    Evaluate: โˆซ (๐‘ฅ2 + 3๐‘ฅ + ๐‘’2) ๐‘‘๐‘ฅ,3

    1 as the limit of the sum.

    [CBSE 2018]

    https://www.marksadda.com/https://www.marksadda.com/coursedetails/-Maths/1-6https://www.marksadda.com/

  • Page | 23 CBSE Math Class 12th https://www.marksadda.com/

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