E-Commerce and E-Business
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Transcript of E-Commerce and E-Business
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Introduction to Computer Science2007-2008
E-Commerce andE-Business
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4626. Introd to Computer Science
Aims
• Describing the phases a company goes through using Internet for business
• Describing the forms of e-commerce
• Describing the purpose and uses of intranets and extranets
• Describing the use od web sites to support commercial transactions
• Describing the ethical issues of e-commerce
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4626. Introd to Computer Science
Contents
1. E-Commerce in perspective
2. Intranets: internal business processes
3. Extranets: business alliances
4. B2C: customer-centered web design
5. Technical requirements for e-commerce
6. Ethical issues of e-commerce
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4626. Introd to Computer Science
• Created in 1994
• Opened in July 1995as a virtual book-stores
• 20 mill. customersin 160 countries
• Survivor of .dot crises
• Powerful recommendation system
Jeff B
ezos. A
maz
on founder
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4626. Introd to Computer Science
E-commerce in Perspective
Sharing business information, maintaining business relationships and conducting business transactions through the use od telecomm. networks
Involves reorganising business processes
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4626. Introd to Computer Science
E-comm Transforms Business
• .com companies (virtual)
• Essential, or at least important for the rest
• Increases speed and efficiency of business processes
• Variants: e-commerce (electronic) i-commerce (internet) m-commerce (mobile)
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4626. Introd to Computer Science
E-Comm Models
B C
B
C
business-to-business(B2B)
business-to-consumer(B2C)
consumer-to-business(C2B)
consumer-to-consumer(C2C)
Put examples of each case
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4626. Introd to Computer Science
Intranets
• Basis for B2E: internet supporting internal activties
• Improve comm. inside the company
• Advantages
• cross-platform
• open standards
• minimal user training
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4626. Introd to Computer Science
Characteristics of a B2E Intranet
• physical tech: LAN with Ethernet
• middleware: software which handles physical comm. (TCP/IP based)
• firewall sw for security
• standard web applications:browsers, e-mail clients, file sharing
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4626. Introd to Computer Science
How To Use B2E Intranets
• Information access for employees: centralised databases with a common interface
• Collaboration and teamwork: distribute information, remote working groups
• Internal business transactions: increase efficiency and reduces paperwork
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4626. Introd to Computer Science
ExtranetsBusiness Alliances
• Link intranets of different companies(e-marketplaces)
• Activities between trusted business partners
Functionalities
• place orders
• check stock level
• confirm inoice status
• exchange business information
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4626. Introd to Computer Science
Extranets with Public Networks
• use public, open comm. lines without additional security mechanisms
• low cost, but low security (and high risk)
• protection: firewalls and logons
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4626. Introd to Computer Science
Extranets with VPN
• use public, open comm. lines
• an special protocol creates a virtual tunnel across the intranets
• VPNs are becoming the preferred method: economical and secure enough
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4626. Introd to Computer Science
Extranets with Private Networks
• physically attached lines (leased)
• high cost
• high security levels
• extent of access for external users (only business partners)
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4626. Introd to Computer Science
B2C
• Customer centered web design
• Often interactive features included
• CRM: customer relationship management
• critical without personal contact
• database with relevant information:preferences, past purchases, communications...
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4626. Introd to Computer Science
Features of Well Designed Sites
• Speed of transactions
• Large, up-to-date selection (the ‘Long Tail’)
• Ease of use
• Secure transations
• After-sale features
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4626. Introd to Computer Science
Technical Requirements:Web Server
• Hw&Sw to store pages and handle trafic
• Only large companies have the know-how and the capability to run their own server
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4626. Introd to Computer Science
Technical Requirements:Hosting Service
• Provide space in their own servers and tools to set up business web pages
• Handle almost all transactions steps (including payments)
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4626. Introd to Computer Science
Technical Requirements:Software
• Provides commercial services
• Database (catalogue) + front-end
• Capabilities: security, search engine, data analysis
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4626. Introd to Computer Science
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4626. Introd to Computer Science
Company PoliciesA Code of Ethics
• Privacy policy of the organisation
• Permission to transmit people data
• How company inform customers about the use of personal data
• Ownership about network posting and communications
• Tracking of user behaviours