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By-Products

The Meat We Eat ADSC 1050

By-Products

“We use all parts of the pig

except the squeal and the curl in its tail”

Mr. Tony Javurek John Morrell Inc. Sioux Falls, S.D.

History

• Native people used by-products! •  ____________ – Liver, heart, marrow •  _______ – clothing/shelter •  _________________ – tools/weapons • Teeth, Claws, and Feathers

• Ornaments/jewelry

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By-Products

• Portions of the meat animal that are not composed of mainly ________________.

•  _________ or ___________ • AKA: Offal • Other non-muscle portions

Offal

• By-products of animal harvest that do not leave the __________ ________ with the carcass. • Edible- Variety Meats

• ______ ___________

• Non-edible- ___________

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Other Non-muscle Portions • Other parts of the carcass that

are not primarily skeletal muscle.

• Are separated from the carcass during fabrication. •  _______ •  _______ •  __________________

Economics of By-Products

•  Percent of live animal weight •  Beef ______%

•  1200 lb. steer * 55% = 660 lbs. of By-Product •  24 Billion lbs. of by-products produced/year

•  Sheep ______% •  Pork _______%

•  Can be an asset or a liability to the meat industry. •  Saleable product •  Disposal cost •  Environmental issues

By-Product Value

• Total value of the live animal • Roughly _____%

• By-Product value • Offsets slaughter costs • May be the sole source of _______ • Offsets the cost of live animals

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Edible Offal Products

•  Referred to as “_______________” •  Livers, tongues, brains, sweetbreads,

lamb fries (testicles/ mountain oysters), kidneys, oxtails, tripe (beef rumen), chitterlings and natural casings (intestines), edible fats, blood, and head trimmings (cheek meat).

•  Contributes ______% of the value of the live animal.

•  Important to export markets •  Remember we are currently in a trade deficit!

History of Animal Fats

•  Waterproofing skins (tepee, shoes) •  Fuel for oil lamps •  Food source (fats are energy rich) •  In early California history, cattle

were harvested for their fat and hides. The meat was left to rot.

Animal Fats

• Must be “_________”. • Rendering separates fat from

other portions. • Edible - used as _____________ for

breads and pastries. •  _____ - Pork Fat •  _______ - Beef Fat

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Non-edible Fats

•  Present •  ________ (no phosphorus) •  _______________ (pet food for Rover) •  Industrial Lubricants •  _____________ •  ____________ – explosives and

pharmaceuticals (nitroglycerin) •  Future –

•  Energy source? •  Environmentally sound soaps?

Pharmaceuticals

•  __________ – human heart valves •  __________ – burn victims •  __________ from pigs – diabetics • Blood or blood fractions

• Cancer research • Manufacturing vaccines • Prevent blood clots • Microbiological media

Pharmaceuticals cont’d

•  ____________ derived from by-products •  Growth hormone (GH) •  Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) •  Adrenal cortex stimulating hormone

(ACTH) •  Many, many others! •  Most are not used directly on

humans but used as models to develop human hormones or other research needs.

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Other Pharmaceuticals

• Sheep and Hog intestines • Surgical sutures (Cat Gut)

• Enzymes- mostly digestive • Used to treat gastrointestinal

problems •  Liver – Vitamin B12

• Used to treat Pernicious Anemia

Other By-Products

•  ______ - Bone, Hide, and Blood •  ______ – Hide and Bone

•  Jell-O •  Manufacture of Ice Cream •  Medical capsules

•  ____________________ •  Animal Feed (more food for Rover) •  Fertilizers

Household Products

Candles Ceramics Crayons Paints Insulation Linoleum Floor Wax Tooth paste Plastics Mouthwash Textiles Perfume

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