Dynamical control of ozone transport and chemistry from satellite observations and CCMs Mark Weber...
-
Upload
sybil-peters -
Category
Documents
-
view
214 -
download
0
Transcript of Dynamical control of ozone transport and chemistry from satellite observations and CCMs Mark Weber...
Dynamical control of ozone transport and Dynamical control of ozone transport and
chemistry from satellite observations and CCMschemistry from satellite observations and CCMs
Mark Weber1, Ingo Wohltmann2, Veronika Eyring3, Markus Rex2,
Sandip Dhomse1, Folkard Wittrock1, and Martin Dameris3
(1)Institute of Environmental Physics, University Bremen, Bremen(2)Alfred-Wegner Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Potsdam
(3)Institute of Atmospheric Physics, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen
Visit also Poster 4a-4 Wohltmann et al.
[email protected] Process-oriented Validation of GCMs, Garmisch-Partenkrichen, 16-19 Nov 2003
Overview
Diagnostics:
Planetary wave driving and total ozone (OClO)
Data sources:
GOME (O3 and OClO), TOMS, TOMS-SBUV merged dataset,
sondes
Met Analyses: ERA40, NCEP, UKMO
Topics:
Planetary wave driving and ozone/temperature (introduction)
Tropospheric forcing and winter ozone gain
Dynamical control of summer ozone
Chlorine activation/chemical ozone loss (polar vortex)
Annual cycle in total ozone
Annual cycle in total ozone
Interannual variability
Winter/spring ozone
Photochem. summer decay
Photochem. summer decay
GOME 1996-2002
r= 0.74
Tro
pic
s -d
O3/d
t [D
U/m
onth
]
Ozone tendency in tropics and high latitudes
after Fusco & Salby, 1999, Randel et al. 2002
K
Temperature and zonal winds
Cold tropical lowermost
stratosphere/tropopause cold polar vortex
Strong polar jet
Link between T variability in tropics to planetary wave driving (Yulaeva et al. 1994) Link between planetary wave driving and Arctic T variability (Newmann et al. 2001)
EP (Heat) Flux and Residual Circulation
ozoneproduction
cold/warm winters heterogenous/gasphase
chemistry
Meridional circulation ~2-4 y
EP (heat) fluxPlanetary scale
wave activityExtratropical Pump
Brewer-Dobson circulation
Residual circulation
Ozone & T variabilitychemistry/transport
EP (Heat) Flux and Residual Circulation
Annual cycle of GOME and E39/C TOZ
NH
SH
SH
Tropospheric forcing and spring/fall ozone ratio
GOME ozone ratio
50°-90°
Sep over Mar (SH)
Mar over Sep (NH)
Winter heat flux
43°-70°
100 mbar
Sep-Mar (Mar-Sep) integrated and averaged
SH anomaly 2002 Cold Arctic winter/spring seasons
Weber et al. 2003
See Poster (Wohltmann et al.) for other met analyses and TOMS data
+5 m +6 m
+8 m
+7 m
spring/fall ratio for different months
+10 m
+11 m
+9 m
+ 1 y
Ozone winter gain and summer transition
ERA40 vs UKMO
Interannual variability of winter heat flux correlates well with winter ozone gain
Winter heat flux higher in ERA40 (too much transport)
E39/C vs GOME
lower interannual variability in winter (NH)
weaker wave driving in SH (cold bias?)
Photochemical decay about 3m (>50°N) and 2.5 m (>62°N)
Good agreement between GOME and E39/C
33
[ ][ ]/
d OO
dt
Early 80s vs. late nineties
Correlation with ERA40 in early 80s and SH very poor
ERA40
EP-Flux and polar ozone
TOMS/SBUV O3:
March 65°-70°N
NCEP EP-Flux:
15 Nov -28 Mar
100hPa
45°-75°N
1 98 0 1 98 5 1 99 0 1 99 5 2 00 0-0 .2
0
0 .2
Ye a r
EP
Flu
x [1
05 k
g/s
2 ]
r = 0 .7 4
1 98 0 1 98 5 1 99 0 1 99 5 2 00 0-5 0
-2 5
0
2 5
5 0
Ozo
ne
Col
um
n [D
U]
T O M S /S B U V O z o ne a n d N C E P E P flu x
r=0.74
Lower correlation (0.69) in 80s less O3 change for a given EP flux anomaly
Higher correlation (0.84) in 90s more ozone transport for a given EP flux
anomaly
Tropospheric forcing and chlorine activation
OClO
BrO+ClO –> OClO + O
Measured in twilight inside the polar vortex
Maximum vertical column at 90° solar zenith angle integrated over the winter
Below 92°SZA OClO is a measure of chlorine activation
UKMO Weber et al. 2003
High chlorine activation persisted during SH anomaly 2002
Dynamical control of chemical ozone loss
-0 ,2 0 0 ,2 -0 ,2 0 0 ,2
Dyna m ic a lsup p ly
C hem ic a llo ss
To ta l c ha ng e
20 0
10 0
0
-10 0
E P -flu x a no m a ly[10 5 kg s 2 ]
E P -flux a no m a ly[10 5 kg s 2 ]
Cha
nge
of to
tal o
zone
col
umn
durin
gw
inte
r[D
U] 20 0
10 0
0
-10 0
EP-Flux Anomaly
[105 kg /s2]
Dec
-Mar
tot
al o
zone
cha
nge
[DU
]
See Poster (Wohltmann et al.) for detrailed transport & chemistry diagnostics of E39/C and ERA40
Sonde total columns
NH pol. vortex average
Chemical depleted column
Dec-Mar difference
Corrected for diabatic descent
Dynamical supply
Observed minus chemical depeleted column
Summary & Conclusion
Compact relationship between winter ozone gain and seasonal heat flux for both hemispheres (late nineties/early 2000)
Connection between chlorine activation/chemical loss to planetary wave driving can be explored
Summer ozone levels are tied to wave activity of the previous winter (see also Fioletov et al. 2003)
Met. Analyses
good measure of interannual variability
differences in strength of high latitude ozone transport varies (ERA40 higher than NCEP/UKMO)
Correlations between wave driving & ozone particularly well in 90s
E39/C (and possibly other CCMs)
less interannual variability in winter
Summer bias of 20% to observations at mid- to high latitude
No summer minimum in SHData still to be explored: GOME NO2 and ENVISAT