Dynamic Ms Pc

OPEN INFORMATIONUSER DESCRIPTION 1 (17)

RM/TEI/CC/P Massimo Costa 839 72727 2000-02-16 B 74/1553-HSC 103 12 Uen

ERA/LVN/RAC (Lennart Blixt)

Uppgjord Prepared Datum Date Rev Dokumentnr Document no

Godknd Approved Kontr Checked Tillhr/referens File/reference

E

User Description, Dynamic MS Power Control

Copyright

Contents Page

1 Introduction 2

2 Glossary 22.1 Concepts 22.2 Abbreviations and Acronyms 2

3 Capabilities 23.1 Battery power consumption 23.2 Interference 23.3 Receiver saturation 33.4 Quality impact 3

4 Technical description 34.1 General 34.2 Algorithm 54.3 Power regulation example 124.4 Main changes in Ericsson GSM system R8/BSS R8.0 13

5 Engineering guidelines 135.1 Interactions with other features 135.2 Recommendations 14

6 Parameters 156.1 Main controlling parameters 156.2 Parameters for special adjustments 156.3 Value ranges and default values 16

7 References 17

SEIF v1.2,

OPEN INFORMATIONUSER DESCRIPTION 2 (17)2000-02-16 B 74/1553-HSC 103 12 UenDatum Date Rev Dokumentnr Document no

E

1 Introduction

The output power of a mobile station (MS) can be controlled during aconnection. The controlling strategy is that a desired signal strengthand quality shall be received in the base transceiver station (BTS).This User Description describes the MS Power Control algorithm forcircuit switched connections only.

2 Glossary

2.1 Concepts

Measurement Report

Message consisting of measurements done by the MS,which is sent from the MS to the BTS.

Measurement Result

Message consisting of the Measurement Report andmeasurements done by the BTS, which is sent from theBTS to the BSC.

2.2 Abbreviations and Acronyms

CNA Cellular Network Administration

C/I Carrier to Interference Ratio

DTX Discontinuous Transmission

SACCH Slow Associated Control Channel

SDCCH Stand-alone Dedicated Control Channel

3 Capabilities

3.1 Battery power consumption

The battery consumption is reduced in the MS, therefore rechargingis needed less frequently and the maximum possible speech time willincrease when MS Power Control is used.

3.2 Interference

The aim of MS Power Control is to increase the number ofconnections with sufficiently good C/I.


E

When MS Power Control is used by all MSs in the network, the totalamount of radiated power is reduced. This implies that the uplink co-and adjacent channel interference in the network is reduced. The C/Iwill be increased for connections with low signal strength or with badquality using full MS output power, since they experience a reducedinterference level. On the other hand, the C/I is decreased for con-nections with high signal strength and good quality since they aresubjected to a reduced MS output power. The C/I reduction will how-ever not affect the speech quality since these connections have amargin to the lowest tolerable C/I.

3.3 Receiver saturation

The high signal energy from MSs that are close to a BTS might satu-rate the receiver. The sensitivity of the receiver will then decreaseand the speech quality might become poor. If the output power of theconcerned MSs is limited, the risk for this kind of radio frequencyblocking is reduced. There is an initial mode of the MS Power Controlalgorithm (see 4.2.9) to handle this problem at call set-up. The re-ceiver might still be blocked by MSs very close to the base station,but the probability for this is significantly reduced.

3.4 Quality impact

In the BSS power control algorithm, quality is considered. Quality isthe estimated bit error ratio which is represented by rxqual. Badquality will increase the power and vice versa.

4 Technical description

4.1 General

The objective of the MS Power Control algorithm is to adjust the out-put power of the MSs so that a desired signal strength is received ineach BTS. The desired signal strength is however depending on thepathloss and quality, see figure 1 and figure 2. The power range,where regulation is possible, is limited by the transmitter of the MS.

Note that the algorithms in MS Power Control and BTS Power Controlare different (see User Description, Dynamic BTS Power Control).The graph in figure 1 shows the MS output power versus the pathloss between an MS and a BTS. An MS is only capable of transmit-ting at distinct power levels. figure 1 also shows schematically howthe signal strength received in the BTS varies with the path lossbetween the MS and the BTS.


E

Path lossRegulation area

MS output power

Maximumpower level

Minimumpower level

BTS received power

MS output power BTS received power

Figure 1 MS output power and BTS signal strength versus pathloss. Quality is not taken into account.

When a connection to a BTS have low path loss and good quality(the left part of the graph in figure 1), the MS transmits at its lowestpossible power level. Although the BTS receives a signal that ex-ceeds the desired value, the MS cannot reduce the transmitted powerany further. Conversely, when the BTS experience high path loss (theright part of the graph in figure 1), the MS transmits at the maximumallowed power level for the cell. The power cannot be increased evenif the received signal strength in the BTS is low.

Each segment of the graph in figure 1 is explained below.

1 The MS transmits at its lowest possible output power(left part of figure 1).

2 With Power Control not enabled the received signalstrength will decrease as the path loss increases. Thereceived power decreases linearly (in dB units) as pathloss increases.

3 With Power Control enabled, the MS output power willbe adjusted (Regulation area in figure 1).

4 The path loss is high and the MS transmits at itsmaximum power (right part of figure 1).

When quality is taken into account, the output power is regulated up ordown depending on the received quality and the quality compensationfactor, see 4.2.4. This is schematically shown in figure 2.


E

SSDES

Regulation area Path loss

Received signal strength in the BTS

Up- or down regulationdepending onthe quality

Figure 2 Received signal strength versus path loss when quality istaken into account

4.2 Algorithm

4.2.1 General

MS Power Control is performed for TCHs as well as for SDCCHs.

During a call, the BTS measures the uplink signal strength and qual-ity. These measurements are then added to the Measurement Reportand sent to the BSC in the Measurement Result message where theyare used for calculation of the new MS output power.

The measurements from the Measurement Result that are used in theMS Power Control algorithm are shown in table 1.

Table 1 Measurements used in the MS Power Control algorithm

Data description Sourcesignal strength uplink full set (1) BTSsignal strength uplink subset (1) BTSquality uplink full set (1) BTSquality uplink subset (1) BTS


E

power level used by MS MSDTX used by MS or not MS

(1) The BTS performs signal strength and signal quality measure-ments on the uplink. Measurements are made on the full set offrames (full set), as well as on the subset of frames where there is al-ways traffic (subset). Which of the sets that will be used depends onwhether the MS has used DTX or not, during the measurement pe-riod (see also User Description, Discontinuous TransmissionUserDescription, Discontinuous Transmission).The minimum time period between two consecutive power orders iscontrolled by parameter REGINT. REGINT can not be shorter thanone SACCH period (480 ms). The MS is able to change its outputpower every 13th TDMA frame. This equals 8 times every SACCHperiod. Each change is in units of 2 dB steps. This means that themaximum change is 8*2 dB = 16 dB during one SACCH period.

The MS Power Control algorithm consists of three stages:

1 Measurement preparation

Missing measurements are estimated and a decision istaken about which set of measurements (full set orsubset(1)) to use.

2 Filtering of measurements

Measurements are filtered in order to eliminatevariations of temporary nature.

3 Calculation of power order

The power order to the MS is calculated according tothe algorithm described in 4.2.4. Depending on the qual-ity received in the BTS, the power is adjusted. A numberof constraints are applied to the calculated power order.

MS Power Control algorithm can operate in two modes, or regulationphases. The two modes are:

Initial regulation

The algorithm will operate in this mode when a newchannel is assigned. The purpose with a special initialmode is to reduce a high MS power level as quickly aspossible. Quality is not taken into account. See 4.2.9.

Stationary regulation

This is the normal mode of the algorithm where thequality is taken into account. See 4.2.9.


E

4.2.2 Measurement preparation

In the measurement report, the MS sends information about whetherDTX has been used during the measurement period or not (User De-scription, Discontinuous Transmission). This information is used bythe BSC to decide which set of uplink measurements to use, the fullset or the subset.

When a handover is made from a cell where uplink DTX is activated,the MS will initially continue to use DTX in the new cell. Thus, thesubset of measurements are used in the new cell during a certaintime by the MS Power Control algorithm, even if the new cell do notuse DTX. This time is set by parameter DTXFUL. Note that the im-pact of this parameter is minor. For SDCCHs full set measurementsare always used.

Regulation is performed as long as information exists regarding theMS power level used and as long as the corresponding uplink signalstrength filter is not empty (see 4.2.3).If a Measurement Result is missing, no extrapolation of the signalstrength and quality measurements are performed. Thus, no regula-tion is performed. The missing signal strength and signal qualitymeasurements are interpolated when a Measurement Result is re-ceived again. The missing signal strength values are set to the lowestof the one received before the loss and the one received after theloss. The missing quality values are set to the highest (that is theworst quality) of the one received before the loss and the onereceived after the loss.

If the information about the latest MS power level used is missing inthe Measurement Result, the missing value is estimated. Thus, evenif the latest Measurement Report is missing, regulation might be per-formed. How this estimation is done depends on how many valuesthat are missing. Generally, the highest known value is used as anestimate.

All estimations are performed so that the risk of too low MS outputpower, which may result in decreased quality, is reduced.

4.2.3 Filtering of measurements

For the initial phase, the signal strength is filtered in a separate filterand used to decide whether the desired initial signal strength(INIDES) is received or not. The filter lengths are set by the INILENparameter for the initial mode (4.2.9).SScomp defined as follows is the filtered signal strength compen-sated for down regulation. This is the signal strength that would havebeen received by the BTS if no Power Control was used. SScomp isdefined as:


E

SScomp = (SS + (MSTXPWR - PWRused )) (1)1SSLEN

where SS represents the signal strength received by the BTS,PWRused the output power used by the MS during the measurementperiod and MSTXPWR the maximum output power of the MS. Thesesignal strength values are filtered as a straight average over anumber of samples determined by the filter length parameter SSLEN.

Quality filtering is performed as a straight average over a number ofsamples which is set by parameter QLEN. Quality is measured inrxqual units.

Q_AVE in eq. 2 is the filtered rxqual value in dtqu units (deci-transformed quality units). Quality in dtqu is obtained by multiplyingthe received rxqual by 10. The range of dtqu is from 0 to 100.QDESUL is also given in dtqu units.

Q_AVE_dB and QDES_dB are given as estimated C/I values in eq. 2and eq. 3. The transformation from rxqual to C/I is given by thefollowing expressions:

Q_AVE_dB = 32 - 10 * Q_AVE/25 (2)QDES_dB = 32 - 10 * QDESUL/25 (3)

This is a linear rxqual to C/I mapping where each rxqual represent 4dB.

4.2.4 Calculation of power order

Calculation of the power order is made in two steps. First an uncon-strained power order (pu) is calculated. Then certain constraints areapplied before the power order is finally transmitted to the MS. Theconstraints concern power step size limitation and MS power range,see 4.2.5.

The actual information sent to the MS is the power level, PL, see fur-ther GSM Technical Specification 05.05. The power level representsa fixed output power, not as in the downlink case where the PL is thepower level in relation to BSTXPWR, see further User Description,Dynamic BTS Power Control.

In the initial phase the unconstrained power order, pu, is given by thefollowing expression:

pu = MSTXPWR - (SScomp - SSDES) (4)

In the initial phase only down regulation is performed.


E

In the stationary phase quality is also taken into consideration and theunconstrained power order is given by the following expression:

pu = MSTXPWR - (SScomp - SSDES)- (Q_AVE_dB - QDES_dB) (5)

The parameters and are the defined as follows: = LCOMPUL/100 (pathloss compensation) (6) = QCOMPUL/100 (quality compensation) (7)

Parameters and control the compensation of path loss and thedeviation from the desired quality.

By introducing the tuneable parameters into the formula and taking thedifference between the max power (MSTXPWR) and the calculatedunconstrained power order (pu) we obtain the down regulation in dB:dpu = LCOMPUL/100 * (SScomp - SSDES)

- QCOMPUL/100 *4/10 *(Q_AVE - QDESUL) (8)

The first term corresponds to a power reduction based on the SSDESvalue. If for instance SSDES is set to -92 dBm and a signal level of -60 dBm is measured, the difference will be 32 dB. LCOMPUL nowsets the amplification or weight of this factor. For example if LCOM-PUL = 50, the unrestricted power order will require a power reductionof 16 dB for this case.

The maximum signal strength that can be reported by the BTS is -47dBm (rxlev = 63) which means that the maximum value for SSCOMP is-47 dBm plus the down regulation.

The second term introduces compensation for bad quality. Assumingwe use QDESUL = 0 (rxqual = 0) and measure an rxqual value of 4(Q_AVE = 40), the second term will counteract the power reduction.Using QCOMPUL = 60 this term will be 9.6 dB. The total unrestrictedpower order will thus ask for a power reduction of 16 - 9.6 = 6.4 dB.

4.2.5 Power order constraints

Dynamic power range limitation is applied if the unconstrained powerorder is outside the dynamic range. The constraints are the following.

Power step size limitation.

Since the largest possible change of the power level ofthe MS is 16 dB during one SACCH period, this value isthe maximum ordered power change at any regulationevent. This is valid for up as well as down regulation.


E

MS power range limitation.

Independently of the calculated power order, it is the MSpower class that determines the highest and lowestpossible transmit power levels of the MS.

The MS power capability depends on the MS power class. The powerclass is given by the MS in the call set-up procedure. According toGSM Technical Specification 05.05, the lowest power level for a GSM900 mobile is 13 dBm (all classes, phase 1) and 5 dBm (all classes,phase 2). For GSM 1800 and GSM 1900 mobiles the lowest powerlevel is 10 dBm (class 1, phase 1), 4 dBm (class 2, phase 1) and 0dBm (all classes, phase 2). The upper limit is set by the MS powerclass. If the class is not available the MS is assumed to be of powerclass 1.

The true regulation interval depends on the constraints mentionedabove, and extends from the maximum allowed power MSTXPWRdown to the lowest level. Note that MSTXPWR may be less than themaximum output power according to the MS power class.

4.2.6 Quantization of the power order

The power order is quantisized in steps of 2 dB according to GSMTechnical Specification 05.05. The power is always truncated to thehigher value (low power level). The influence of this quantization isshown in figure 3.

4.2.7 Power orders with extra margin

In three different traffic cases, the ordered power level is alwaysincreased by a power margin, PMARG:

At assignment of a TCH.

Since the new channel may have a higher interferencelevel, the MS is ordered to start transmitting on the trafficchannel with the last power order increased by PMARG.

At assignment failure or handover failure.

When the old channel in the original cell is made activeagain, the MS Power Control algorithm is resumed. It ispossible that the radio environment of the old channelhas changed during the time of the failure. Thereforethe next ordered power level is increased by PMARG.

At intra-cell handover and subcell change.

The MS Power Control algorithm is not restarted as for anormal inter-cell handover but instead continues withoutinterruption. However the first power order sent on the


E

new channel is increased by PMARG, compared to theone used for the old channel.

The new power order is valid until the signal strength filter is filled.

4.2.8 Handover Power Boost

With Handover power boost, the handover command is sent by theBSC/BTS to the MS on maximum configurative power. Handovercommand includes information about which uplink power the MS shalluse in serving cell. The MS then acknowledges the handover com-mand using maximum configurative power. In case of a HO failure,the HO failure message is also sent on maximum configurativepower. When handover power boost is triggered, normal regulation isinhibited until the MS has received the handover command. The BTSignores all BTS or MS power orders sent by the BSC in the servingcell until the MS has acknowledged the handover command.

The speech/channel coding and interleaving in GSM is very robust. Asmall number of bursts/frames can be lost without speech degrada-tion (the number depends on the error distribution). Power Controlshould therefore also be used for connections close to the cell border.Since the signaling for the handover procedure (e.g. Handover Com-mand) is more critical and error-sensitive, it should be sent onmaximum power in order to maximise the handover performance.

HOPB is useful when the SS quickly drops, for example when the MSmoves around a street corner. In this case, due to the system delayand the limited up-regulation speed, the signaling would be sent on atoo low power without HOPB. Thus in order to maximise the probabil-ity of a successful handover, Handover Power Boost should be used.

Since the maximum configurative power is only used for a short timebefore the handover, activating HOPB has a minor impact on theoverall interference level in the network.

Note that HOPB only improves the HO performance if power controlis activated.

Handover power boost is activated by setting the state variableHPBSTATE.

4.2.9 Regulation procedure

Initial regulationAt immediate assignment and at handover, the MS Power Control al-gorithm is restarted. It is then possible that the received signalstrength in the BTS is quite high, especially when the MS is locatedclose to the BTS. This high signal strength may block the BTS or re-duce its sensitivity. The quality of other calls served by the samereceiver in the BTS might be affected. Therefore it is important thatthe MS reduces its output power as quickly as possible. This is why a


E

shorter filter is used initially. The length of the initial signal strength fil-ter is set by INILEN. No regulation is done until the initial filter is filled,i.e. until INILEN measurement reports are available.

In the initial mode only down regulation is performed. The quality isnot taken into account during the initial phase, see eq. 4.

A new power order may be sent every SACCH period.

Stationary regulationThe stationary regulation always begins when the stationary filter isfilled. Note that the stationary filtering is started at the same time asthe initial filtering.

If measurement results are missing during a connection the stationaryfilter might become empty. When measurement results are receivedagain, the initial filter will be filled first and, initial regulation is thenperformed.

When a power order has been sent it takes REGINT SACCH periodsbefore the next power order can be sent. If this power order differsfrom the previous one, it is sent. If it does not differ from the previousone, a new order is calculated every SACCH period until a differentpower order is obtained. Then that order is sent, and REGINTSACCH periods must elapse before a new order can be sent again.

4.2.10 Multislot configuration

If the TCH channel is a part of a channel combination, it can be eithera main, bi-directional or a uni-directional channel.

If the channel is a main channel in a multislot configuration, the differ-ence between the computed power order and the previous powerorder must exceed a hysteresis (2 dB) before a new power order issent.

MS power regulation on bi-directional channels is done independentlyof the other channels.

In a multislot configuration only the main channel is affected by thehandover power boost, see 4.2.8. See further User Description,Channel Administration.

4.3 Power regulation example

The most important information that is needed for good comprehen-sion of the MS Power Control algorithm is how much the output powercan be down regulated at a certain signal strength. The output powerwill vary between this minimum power and full power depending onthe quality received by the BTS. Note that the up compensationperformed at bad quality is very dependent on the parameter setting.


E

In figure 3 an example of the maximum possible down regulation ver-sus signal strength is shown for the recommended MS Power Controlsetting for a GSM 900 (phase 1, class 4) or a GSM 1800 (phase 1,class 1) mobile.When there is bad quality in the filter, the power is upregulated 2.4 dBper rxqual unit according to eq. 8 (page 9 ) when QCOMPUL = 60.

-90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40

-47 dBm

SScomp in the BTS [dBm]

Down regulation [dB]

SSDES=92, LCOMPUL=50, QDESUL=0

-2-4-6-8

-10-12-14-16-18-20

-30

Figure 3 Maximum down regulation of the MS output power versusreceived SS in the BTS

The SS in the BTS in figure 3 is the SS without any down regulationcorresponding to SScomp defined in 4.2.3. Thus, the measured signalstrength reported to the BSC will be lower, since the BTS experiencea down regulated signal. This is then compensated for by the BSC.

4.4 Main changes in Ericsson GSM system R8/BSS R8.0

No changes from Ericsson GSM system R7/BSS R7.1.

The GPRS MS Power Control feature in described in UserDescription, GPRS Dynamic MS Power Control.

5 Engineering guidelines

5.1 Interactions with other features

It is recommended to always use MS Power Control due to the signifi-cant effect on battery power consumption. The other important


E

reason is the influence on the interference environment. It is very effi-cient to use a combination of Dynamic BTS Power Control, MSPower Control, Frequency Hopping and DTX. The mutual interactionsbetween these features provides a very powerful method to increasesystem performance. This yields that the system can utilize a tighterreuse and thereby higher system capacity. See further User Descrip-tion, Discontinuous Transmission, User Description, Dynamic BTSPower Control and User Description, Frequency Hopping.

Preferably, power regulation should be performed before an intracellhandover occurs. Power regulation should always occur before a badquality urgency handover is attempted.

The desired power regulation performance can be achieved through awell balanced combination of the following:

the MS Power Control parameters SSDES, LCOMPULand QDESUL determine how much a connection shouldbe down regulated for a certain signal strength.

the quality compensation factor QCOMPUL.

the intracell handover area defined by QOFFSETUL(User Description, Intra Cell Handover).

the threshold triggering bad quality urgency handovers,QLIMUL (User Description, Locating).

the length of the locating quality filter QLENSD (UserDescription, Locating), and the Power Control qualityfilter, QLEN.

5.2 Recommendations

When introducing MS Power Control into a system it is recommendedto begin with moderate settings for the controlling parameters. Themajority of the gain obtained from using Power Control, both regard-ing reduced interference and lowered power consumption, originatesfrom the first decibels of regulation. Therefore, a good strategy is todown regulate many connections with a few dB.

The uplink signal (C) and Interference (I) is non-correlated. Thisyields in general that the C/I for a connection is high (good quality)when the signal strength (C) is high. This impose that it is beneficalto use a rather SS based regulation. It has been shown in both theo-rethical studies and by practical experiences that using LCOMPUL =50 is a good approach. Note that this is not the case for BTS PowerControl. The downlink has slightly different characteristics whichyields that a different regulation strategy should be used.

It is important that the INILEN filter length is shorter than the SSLENfilter length so that the MS output power is reduced as quickly as pos-sible during the initial regulation period. Suggested values are 2


E

SACCH periods for INILEN and 5 SACCH periods for SSLEN. Also,the value of the initial desired signal strength INIDES, should still beset to a higher value than SSDES.

It is recommended to use QDESUL set to 0. This makes it more easyto understand how the algorithm regulates. A higher value will havethe same effect as lowering SSDES.

The setting REGINT = 1 is recommended in order to make the upregulation quick in a bad quality situation.

A more aggressive setting can be achieved by setting SSDES to aslightly lower value than the recommended -92 dBm. If a more agres-sive value is used for SSDES, e.g. -95, it is recommended to lowerLCOMPUL to 40. This setting yields that even mobiles with fairly lowSS down regulate a few dB in case of very good quality (rxqual = 0).

6 Parameters

6.1 Main controlling parameters

SSDES is the desired signal strength at the outerrim of the regulationarea. The parameter is set per subcell.

LCOMPUL is the parameter that determines how much of the pathloss that shall be compensated for. The parameter is set per subcell.

QCOMPUL is the parameter that determines the weight of the qualitycompensation. The parameter is set per subcell.

6.2 Parameters for special adjustmentsSSLEN is the length of the stationary signal strength filter. Theparameter is set per subcell.

INILEN is the length of the initial signal strength filter. It is recom-mended to set the value of INILEN lower than SSLEN. Theparameter is set per subcell.

QLEN is the length of the quality filter. The parameter is set persubcell.

QDESUL is the desired quality level measured by the receiver in theBTS. The parameter is set per subcell.

INIDES is the desired initial signal strength measured by the receiverin the BTS. The parameter is set per subcell.

REGINT is the regulation interval. The parameter is set per subcell.


E

PMARG is the power margin used on the new channel at assignmentof a TCH, on the old channel at assignment failure or handover fail-ure, and on the new channel at intra-cell handover and subcellchange. The parameter is set per subcell. DTXFUL is the number ofmeasurement periods, after a call has been established on a TCH,before the full set measurements shall be used. The parameter is setper subcell.

MSTXPWR is the maximum allowed power level for MSs in the cur-rent subcell. The parameter is also used in Locating, UserDescription, Locating.

6.3 Value ranges and default values

Table 2 Parameter summary

Parametername

Defaultvalue

Recommendedvalue

Value range Unit

SSDES (1) -85 -92 -110 to -47 dBmLCOMPUL 70 50 0 to 100 %QCOMPUL 30 60 0 to 60 %SSLEN 5 5 3 to 15 SACCH

periodsINILEN 2 2 0, 2 to 5 SACCH

periodsQLEN 8 6 1 to 20 SACCH

periodsQDESUL 20 0 0 to 70 dtquINIDES (1) -70 -70 -110 to -47 dBmREGINT 5 1 1 to 30 SACCH

periodsPMARG 8 6 0 to 20 dBDTXFUL 5 5 0 to 40 SACCH

periodsMSTXPWR (2) 13 to 43 dBm

(1) SSDES and INIDES take the corresponding positive value in MMLcommands and CNA.

(2) The value of this parameter is highly dependent on the cellplanning. No default value is provided.


E

7 References

1 User Description, Discontinuous Transmission

2 GSM Technical Specification 05.05

3 User Description, Locating

4 User Description, Intra Cell Handover

5 User Description, Dynamic BTS Power Control

6 User Description, Frequency Hopping

7 User Description, Channel Administration

8 User Description, GPRS Dynamic MS Power Control

Dynamic Ms Pc

Documents

Transcript of Dynamic Ms Pc