DWDM OVERVIEW SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM...

24
30-05-’01 DAQ DWDM system 1 ANTARES DAQ DWDM OVERVIEW SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM filters FIBER generals, handling and endface preparation NOTIFICATIONS on SPLICES AND CONNECTORS

Transcript of DWDM OVERVIEW SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM...

Page 1: DWDM OVERVIEW SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM ...jelle/antareswebdocuments/spli_conn/antspl_… · SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM filters FIBER generals,

30-05-’01 DAQ DWDM system1

ANTARES DAQ

DWDM OVERVIEW

SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM filters

FIBER generals, handling and endface preparation

NOTIFICATIONS on SPLICES AND CONNECTORS

Page 2: DWDM OVERVIEW SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM ...jelle/antareswebdocuments/spli_conn/antspl_… · SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM filters FIBER generals,

30-05-’01 DAQ DWDM system2

e/o transmitter

o/e receiver

MLCM-DWDMGbEswitch

e/o transmitter

o/e receiver

MLCM-DWDMGbEswitch

e/o transmitter

o/e receiver

MLCM-DWDMGbEswitch

e/o transmitter

o/e receiver

MLCM-DWDMGbEswitch

e/o transmitter

o/e receiver

MLCM-DWDMGbEswitch

e/o transmitter

o/e receiver

MLCM-DWDMGbEswitch

SCM-DWDMλx0

λy0

λx6

λy6

λx1

λx2

λx3

λx4

λx5

λy1

λy2

λy3

λy4

λy5

DW

DM

-mux

DW

DM

-dem

ux

MLCM container SCM container

e/o transmitter

o/e receiver

submarine- connector ( )

10 x on JBone for each string

junction box

to/from shore station

basic DWDM outline

NIKHEFAntares

Project nr. 45000Januari 4, 2001/jh/rev2

sea side

chxo

chyo

chy1

chy2

chy3

chy4

chy5

chx1

chx2

chx3

chx4

chx5

LCMLCM

LCMLCM

LCM

LCMLCM

LCMLCM

LCM

LCMLCM

LCMLCM

LCM

LCMLCM

LCMLCM

LCM

LCMLCM

LCMLCM

LCM

LCMLCM

LCMLCM

LCM

EMC physical installationtrunk with all fibres cumulative number off splices on

EMC

EMC

n+1

n+1

n+1n+2

n+3n+4

n+9

n+14

n+19

n+24

n+29

JB EOCconn.

SPM

100 MHz Ethernetfor detector control

IC

?

?

Page 3: DWDM OVERVIEW SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM ...jelle/antareswebdocuments/spli_conn/antspl_… · SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM filters FIBER generals,

30-05-’01 DAQ DWDM system3

basic DWDM outline

NIKHEFAntares

Project nr. 45000Januari 4, 2001/jh/rev2

shore side

e/o transmitter

o/e receiver

e/o transmitter

o/e receiver

e/o transmitter

o/e receiver

e/o transmitter

o/e receiver

e/o transmitter

o/e receiver

e/o transmitter

o/e receiver

λx6

λy6

λx0

λy0

λx1

λx2

λx3

λx4

λx5

λy1

λy2

λy3

λy4

λy5

100 MHz Ethernetfor detector control

e/o transmitter

o/e receiver

DW

DM

-mux

GbEswitch

GbEswitch

GbEswitch

GbEswitch

GbEswitch

GbEswitch

Dataprocess

50km seacablefrom/to detector

monitor

monitor

chxo

chyo

chy1

chy2

chy3

chy4

chy5

chx1

chx2

chx3

chx4

chx5

5 km SMF28

SWBC

SWBC

Page 4: DWDM OVERVIEW SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM ...jelle/antareswebdocuments/spli_conn/antspl_… · SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM filters FIBER generals,

30-05-’01 DAQ DWDM system4

ANTARES DAQ

DWDM OVERVIEW

SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM filters

FIBER generals, handling and endface preparation

NOTIFICATIONS on SPLICES AND CONNECTORS

Page 5: DWDM OVERVIEW SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM ...jelle/antareswebdocuments/spli_conn/antspl_… · SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM filters FIBER generals,

30-05-’01 DAQ DWDM system5

Worst Case String design for 10 years end of lifetime

DWDM tolerances and channel spacing 400 GHZ

direct modulated DFB LASERS

APD receiver

Costs of the optical parts:

laser ~ € 1700 APD receiver ~ € 900DWDM filter ~ € 5100

> € 50 0000ne string2 x 7 lasers

2 x 7 receivers4 DWDM filters

Page 6: DWDM OVERVIEW SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM ...jelle/antareswebdocuments/spli_conn/antspl_… · SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM filters FIBER generals,

30-05-’01 DAQ DWDM system6

Laser Initial: 0.1nmλ0 ±Laser with Aging: 0.1nmλ0 ±

DWDM Filter bandwidth: 0.8nm(min)Center wavelength accuracy λ0 ± 0.1nm

Temperature drift 3pm/K0C-65C included

i.e. ~0.2nm

λ0 λ0 +1.6nmλ0 -1.6nm

Laser

Filters

Optical Component Matching

3.2nm=400GHz

Laser with Aging and Modulation Chirp:λ0 ± 0.1nm

Laser total: λ0 ± 0.3nm

400GHz DWDM Systemexample: use ITU CHs: 21-25-29-33-37-41-45-49

1560nm------1538nmAlcatel cable: 1570nm-----1535nm

Worstcase Tolerances and Effects

nom+max

-max

@1550nm

full match=OK

IF

&

THEN

Laser Inital = +/- 50pm (tuning)

Filter BW = 0.9nm (20C-50C)

Laser Aging can be +/-0.2nm

NIKHEFAntares

26-02-01/pr

Wavelength accuracy 0.02 nmWavelength linearity 0.01 nmWavelength resolution 0.05 nm or less settings 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0 nm

Result > 10 years mean time to failure

Page 7: DWDM OVERVIEW SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM ...jelle/antareswebdocuments/spli_conn/antspl_… · SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM filters FIBER generals,

30-05-’01 DAQ DWDM system7

Passive networkAttenuationMaximum of inserted laser light power (~ 6 mW ~ 7dBm)

Loss of signal over the entire network (~ 26 dB)

Minimum S/N ratio for receiver (PIN based receiver sensetivity ca -24 dBm)(APD based receiver sensetivity ca: -32 dBm)

Reflectionparticular on connections (so called one time events)

First connection near Laser mainly introduces wavelength andamplitude instability

(not harmful for laser itself due to the optical isolator inside the butterfly case)

Reflections cause laser mode hopping and jitter in the network )

Page 8: DWDM OVERVIEW SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM ...jelle/antareswebdocuments/spli_conn/antspl_… · SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM filters FIBER generals,

30-05-’01 DAQ DWDM system8

ANTARES DAQ

DWDM OVERVIEW

SYSTEM SPEC’s: particular Laser and DWDM filters

FIBER generals, handling and endface preparation

NOTIFICATIONS on SPLICES AND CONNECTORS

Page 9: DWDM OVERVIEW SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM ...jelle/antareswebdocuments/spli_conn/antspl_… · SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM filters FIBER generals,

30-05-’01 DAQ DWDM system9

Article from http://www.tpub.com/

Page 10: DWDM OVERVIEW SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM ...jelle/antareswebdocuments/spli_conn/antspl_… · SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM filters FIBER generals,

30-05-’01 DAQ DWDM system10

Fiber specific

Fiber specific

Windshield effect(vibration)

Lateral displacement

Angular misalignment

Air gap/end separation

End angle

Concentricity,

Fiber specific

Core mismatch

Numerical aperture mismatch

Cleave quality

Contamination (dirt or debris)

oval and radial misalignment125,00 µ

9,00 µ

Scaled

Core tolerances <1 µm

Pictures used from

Page 11: DWDM OVERVIEW SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM ...jelle/antareswebdocuments/spli_conn/antspl_… · SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM filters FIBER generals,

30-05-’01 DAQ DWDM system11

Example of factory connector endface control

Optical Return Loss is a critical parameter to patch

cord manufacturing. One way that affect the optical

return loss of a connector is the vertex offset. Picture

above is interferometric fringes form from the ferrule

within the connector, it can show the vertex (apex) offset

of the fiber relative with the ferrule, under cut or

protrusion. With the help of our sophisticated

equipment, the quality of the connector made are under

control.

(splices require a cleave with 90º angle +/- 1º)

http://www.dctechnologies.com/Also control with a fiber microscope (200X to 400X) is possible

Page 12: DWDM OVERVIEW SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM ...jelle/antareswebdocuments/spli_conn/antspl_… · SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM filters FIBER generals,

30-05-’01 DAQ DWDM system12

Fiber handling

Micro bending

Cracks

R > 40 mm

Micro bending

Many turns of minimum radiusdecrease the optical loss budget

Permanent knick

Optical loss and can finally break by fibration

Page 13: DWDM OVERVIEW SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM ...jelle/antareswebdocuments/spli_conn/antspl_… · SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM filters FIBER generals,

30-05-’01 DAQ DWDM system13

PSU

150 mm

21 21

fiber handling and storage in Antares?

??

?

?

?

?

Prescription of fiber handling andfiber housing-prototyping is work for specialists!

How to strip and handle the entire cable

Selection of end sleeves

The length of fiber to be manipulated depends onthe connections to be used

Selection of the fiber storage tray

Beware of the Arc Fusion Splicer set up and calibration

etc.??

?

Page 14: DWDM OVERVIEW SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM ...jelle/antareswebdocuments/spli_conn/antspl_… · SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM filters FIBER generals,

30-05-’01 DAQ DWDM system14

ANTARES DAQ

DWDM OVERVIEW

SYSTEM SPEC’s: particular Laser and DWDM filters

FIBER generals, endface preparation and handling

NOTIFICATIONS on CONNECTORS AND SPLICES

Page 15: DWDM OVERVIEW SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM ...jelle/antareswebdocuments/spli_conn/antspl_… · SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM filters FIBER generals,

30-05-’01 DAQ DWDM system15

Statement ?

Optical connector

125,00 µ

9,00 µ

Scaled

Ideal connector does not solve alignment offiber specific tolerances(Exception the E2000 type)

Reflections (With APC better)

fiber cladding

F = 90 N

Page 16: DWDM OVERVIEW SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM ...jelle/antareswebdocuments/spli_conn/antspl_… · SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM filters FIBER generals,

30-05-’01 DAQ DWDM system16

Optical connector

alignment sleeve to wide alignment sleeve

loss loss

reflection reflection

mechanical mismatch

dust, scratchesthus cleaning and/orprotected disconnections

also to manyinsertions

Alignment: besides the attribute of fiber tolerances, connector tolerances attribute to miss alignment and thermal expansion too

Page 17: DWDM OVERVIEW SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM ...jelle/antareswebdocuments/spli_conn/antspl_… · SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM filters FIBER generals,

30-05-’01 DAQ DWDM system17

Optical connector

Figure 3. These endface imperfections may have no initial

adverse impact, but may grow over time and interfere with

optical performance.

Page 18: DWDM OVERVIEW SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM ...jelle/antareswebdocuments/spli_conn/antspl_… · SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM filters FIBER generals,

30-05-’01 DAQ DWDM system18

Optical connector

Pushback or fiber pistoningcaused by shear force from two primary forces.

Glass deformation under pressureAdditional concern is that under stress silica bonds weaken in the presence of moisture

Vibration

Glass is very brittle (car wind shield effect)

Open fiber

sensitive to contamination

endface and contaminantsmainly in epoxy applied

connectors

Page 19: DWDM OVERVIEW SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM ...jelle/antareswebdocuments/spli_conn/antspl_… · SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM filters FIBER generals,

30-05-’01 DAQ DWDM system19

Optical connector

Fiber core is not lined upThis results in not a maximum transfer. (more reflections and loss of light)

Faster aging referring to the fiber itself ? (extra if endface is not perfect)

Waterproof (example: dew point problems, glass softens with damp)

Once a connection is made, its specification can change

Respectful handling a fiber with an optical connector is easy

Need of a skilled technician for do’s and the don'ts with fiber!

Costs?

☺☺

Page 20: DWDM OVERVIEW SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM ...jelle/antareswebdocuments/spli_conn/antspl_… · SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM filters FIBER generals,

30-05-’01 DAQ DWDM system20

Arc Fusion Splice

Page 21: DWDM OVERVIEW SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM ...jelle/antareswebdocuments/spli_conn/antspl_… · SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM filters FIBER generals,

30-05-’01 DAQ DWDM system21

Arc Fusion Splice

Page 22: DWDM OVERVIEW SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM ...jelle/antareswebdocuments/spli_conn/antspl_… · SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM filters FIBER generals,

30-05-’01 DAQ DWDM system22

Arc Fusion Splice

☺ Fiber core is lined up by fusion splicer control. (Inserting light in the fiber).This results in a maximum transfer. (Hardly no reflections and loss of light)

No extra aging referring to the fiber itself (ref: reliability of optical fibers andcomponents final report of cost 246)

Waterproof (example: no dew point problems, glass softens with damp)

Once a connection is made, its specification does not change anymore(after a splice failure easy to reconnect)

A fused fiber is less flexible in handling

Needs of a more skilled fiber technician c.q. engineer c.q. specialist !

Costs?

☺☺

Page 23: DWDM OVERVIEW SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM ...jelle/antareswebdocuments/spli_conn/antspl_… · SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM filters FIBER generals,

30-05-’01 DAQ DWDM system23

MY CONCLUSIONFIBER CONNECTOR FUSION SPLICE

☺ +☺☺☺

+,

Page 24: DWDM OVERVIEW SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM ...jelle/antareswebdocuments/spli_conn/antspl_… · SYSTEM SPEC’s: in particular Laser and DWDM filters FIBER generals,

30-05-’01 DAQ DWDM system24

CONCLUSIONFIBER CONNECTOR FUSION SPLICE

☺ we are low on optical budget(Laser spec’s)

Transfer

☺ DWDM system designend of life > 10 yearsReliability

☺Waterproof

☺to riskyone point failure

Connection reliability

☺ Handling, testing

☺ Skills in fiber handling