Duwamish Fishers Study - LDWG
Transcript of Duwamish Fishers Study - LDWG
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Duwamish Fishers Study
Meeting to Discuss Preliminary Results
June 2, 2016South Seattle College
LowerDuwamishWaterwayGroupPort of Seatt le / City of Seatt le / King County / The Boeing Company
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Agenda
LowerDuwamishWaterwayGroupPort of Seatt le / City of Seatt le / King County / The Boeing Company
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Noon – 12:10p Introductions12:10 – 12:40p Context
• Study overview• Project milestones and context• Meeting objectives• Key questions• Potential negative impacts
12:40 – 1:00p Study Overview• On-river survey• Key informant interviews
1:00 – 2:45p Preliminary Data Analysis• Part 1 questions (1:00 – 1:45p)• Break (1:45 – 1:55p)• Part 2 questions (1:55 – 2:45p)
2:45 – 3:00p Data Report and Next Steps
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Study Objectives• From the Implementation Plan:
The fishers study is designed to provide information that will help develop more effective institutional controls associated with EPA’s LDW Superfund Cleanup.
• From the Work Plan: Once the fishers study has been completed, EPA and the Ecology will be better able to answer the following questions:
• How could risk communication in general be improved?• How could the effectiveness of current seafood consumption advisories be
improved? • Are there alternative approaches to communicating risk that would be more
effective? • What communication venues would be most trusted and effective?
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Project Milestones
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Fishers Study Context
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Meeting Objectives• Q4 overview• Preliminary findings discussion
• Entire on-river survey• Key informant interviews
Goal is to ensure a correct understanding of responses and data prior to writing the data report
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Key Questions1. How is the Duwamish currently being used for the collection
and consumption of seafood, particularly resident seafood? a) Who is fishing on the river? Why? Where? When? b) What is being caught, and what is being done with the catch? c) Who is preparing and eating the seafood? d) How is it being prepared?
2. What are the perceived benefits of consuming seafood from the Duwamish? What is currently known by the community about the risk of consuming seafood from the Duwamish? a) What are the perceived benefits of fishing on the Duwamish?b) How do people understand risk? What are the perceptions/cultural models of risk
among the groups that fish for and consume Duwamish seafood?c) If people are continuing to fish, why?d) Do the fisher groups know about the seafood consumption advisories and risks? e) How are they currently getting their information?
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Fishers Study – Two Parts• Quantitative research – On-river survey
• Numerical data analyzed statistically • Generalizable results from sample to a population• Measures frequency of views, behaviors, etc.
• Qualitative research – Key informant interviews • Rich description and explanation of the way people
experience, act on, think about themselves and their world• Used to develop broad insights and deeper understanding of
topics of interest
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Coverage of Key QuestionsQuestion
On-River Survey?
Key Informant Interviews?
Part 1: How is the Duwamish currently being used for the collection and consumption of seafood, particularly resident seafood?
Who is fishing on the river? Why? Where? When? What is being caught? What is being done with the catch? Who is preparing and eating the seafood? How is it being prepared?
Part 2: What are the perceived benefits of consuming seafood from the Duwamish? What is currently known by the community about the risk of consuming seafood from the Duwamish?
What are the perceived benefits of fishing on the Duwamish? How do people understand risk? What are the perceptions/cultural models of risk among the groups that fish for and consume Duwamish seafood?
If people are continuing to fish, why? Do the various fisher groups know about the seafood consumption advisories and risks?
How are they currently getting this information? (and preferences for information sources)
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Potential Negative Impacts• Potential for bias in responses during on-river survey
• Possibility that fishers wouldn’t respond honestly out of fear of getting in trouble, etc.
• Example – Some fishers reported only fishing for salmon when first interviewed, but later said they were also targeting resident species
• Unintended consequences – ways in which results of fishers study could negatively impact communities• Switch from fish to less healthy diet choices• Decrease in fishing could impact social identity of fishers
(e.g., could lead to reduced fisher community cohesion, and reduced frequency of preferred leisure activity)
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On-River Survey Overview
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Overview of Survey Design• Development of survey design included input from:
• Various parties involved in fishers study• Past studies of Duwamish fishers• 54 pre-survey interviews conducted by ECOSS• Public access surveys
• Variables: • Locations visited
(Tier 1 and 2)• Time of day• Days of the week• Surveyor languages • “Tent days”
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On-River Survey Completed on September 30, 2015
Q1 (fall)19%
Q2 (winter)0%
Q3 (spring)6%Q4 (summer)
75%
Percent of Surveys by Quarter
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Overall Summary of Surveys
Statistic
First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
Overall TotalOc
t
Nov
Dec
Tota
l
Jan
Feb
Mar
Tota
l
Apr
May
June
Tota
l
July
Aug
Sept
Tota
l
Total no. surveys conducted 51 18 7 76 0 0 0 0 2 10 14 26 16 87 195 298 400
No. surveys with first-time respondents
40 10 7 57 0 0 0 0 2 9 8 19 6 83 160 249 325
No. unsuccessful survey attempts 49 27 0 76 0 1 0 1 1 8 13 22 14 72 192 278 377
Total survey attempts 100 45 0 152 0 1 0 1 3 18 27 48 30 159 387 576 777
Success rate 51% 40% 100% 50% na 0% na 0% 67% 58% 52% 54% 53% 55% 50% 52% 51%
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Surveys / Declines per Field Day
15
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept
First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
Fiel
d D
ays
per M
onth
Surv
eys
and
Dec
lines
per
Fie
ld D
ay
Surveys per field day Declines per field day Survey days per month
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Success Rate / Declines• 51% success rate overall in fishers agreeing to take
survey• Reasons for declines:
• “No time” or “not interested” accounted for majority (~90%) of declines• Other 10% of declines because “no common language” on that survey day;
self-administered survey available in most cases
Language Count Timing
Self-Administered
Survey AvailableChinese 3 all in Q4
English 5 all in Q4
Korean 1 all in Q4
Lao 1 all in Q4
Russian 7 all in Q4
Spanish 4 all in Q4
Tagalog 4 1 in Q3, 3 in Q4
Vietnamese 10 5 in Q3, 5 in Q4
not interested, 65%
no common language, 10%
other/no answer, 4%
no time, 21%
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Locations Where Surveys Were Conducted: 4th Quarter
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Surveys and Declines: 4th Quarter
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Business Outreach• Total of 30 businesses on Duwamish waterfront were
contacted by ECOSS• LDWG parties provided contacts for their properties / tenants• Also included ECOSS contacts
• ECOSS visited each business• Businesses were essentially the “gate-keepers.” • For most businesses, no way to determine if 1) no fishers at
business, 2) fishers didn’t want to take survey, or 3) if contact at business simply didn’t know whether people were fishing.
• Resulted in 3 additional surveys• All self-administered in English• All were salmon-only fishers
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Key Informant Interview Overview
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Key Informant Interviews • Goal was to have more in-depth discussions with:
• People who fish on the Duwamish• People who are preparers or consumers of Duwamish
seafood but do not necessarily fish themselves
• Recruitment • Fishers from on-river survey• Community connections• Challenge because most people are fishing for salmon
• Format• Discussion of key topics • Generally about 1 hour each
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Key Informant Interviews• Total of 11 interviews, 22 participants • Number of interviews by ethnicity:
African American, 2 interviews (3 participants, including
Filipina wife)
Khmer, 2 interviews (5 participants)
Latino, 1 interview (1 participant)
Mienh, 2 interviews (9 participants)
Vietnamese, 4 interviews (4 participants)
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Of the 22 participants:• Gender:
• 12 women• 10 men
• Fish for Salmon vs. Resident Species: • 14 fish for resident species but may also fish for salmon• 2 fish for salmon only• 20 consume resident species (at least once)
• 6 were preparers/consumers only (all women)• Age groups:
• 3 were 18-30• 11 were 31-60• 8 were 61+
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Saturation Assessment
• Purpose• Process• Conclusions
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Topics CoveredTopic 1: Benefits of and obstacles to fishing
• Benefits of eating fish• Benefits of fishing• What it takes to go fishing• Duwamish as a place to fish• Duwamish as source of food• Impact of closed Duwamish• Fishing as cultural tradition
Topic 3: Patterns of distribution and consumption of Duwamish resident seafood
• Distribution of seafood• Preparation and consumption• Role of fisher in the community• Fishing as social activity• Alternate ways to obtain seafood
Topic 2: Risk Assessment• Affect of eating contaminated seafood• Determining safety of fish• Safety/risk of eating fish• Water quality
Topic 4: Risk Communication• Advisories• Awareness of cleanup• Fishing alternatives• Information sources
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Preliminary Data Analysis
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Part 1:
How is the Duwamish currently being used for the collection and
consumption of seafood, particularly resident seafood?
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1a) Who is fishing on the river?All First Time
Respondents (n=325)
First Time Respondents, Fishers who Reported Catching
Resident Species (n=69)
Gender
Age Groups
Female,14%
Male, 86%
Female, 15%
Male, 85%
under 182%
18-3034%
30-5049%
over 5015%
18-3022%
30-5043%
over 5035%
Source: On-river survey (responses for repeat survey takers were excluded to avoid double-counting). Note that survey was not targeting individuals under 18 years of age.
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1a) Salmon-Only vs. Fishers Catching Resident Species
Q1 (76surveys)
Q2 (0surveys)
Q3 (26surveys)
Q4 (298surveys)
Total (400surveys)
Fishers who reportedcatching resident species 24 0 25 46 95
Salmon-only fishers 52 0 1 252 305
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%P
erce
nt o
f Sur
veys
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1a) Who is fishing on the river?
Source: On-river survey (responses for repeat survey takers were excluded to avoid double-counting)
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Asian
Pacific Islander
Eastern European
Mediterranean
American Indian / Alaskan Native
Black / African American
Latino
Multi-racial
White / Caucasian
Count of Survey Participants
Salmon-Only Fishers Fishers Who Reported Catching Resident Species
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1a) Summary of Languages Used: All fishers
Q1 (76 surveys) Q2 (0 surveys) Q3 (26 surveys) Q4 (298 surveys)Tagalog 0 0 0 1Chinese 0 0 3 0Mienh 3 0 0 0Spanish 5 0 0 4Khmer 6 0 0 13Vietnamese 3 0 12 6English/Vietnamese 0 0 0 4English 59 0 11 270
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Perc
ent o
f Sur
veys
by
Lang
uage
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1a) Summary of Languages Used:Excluding Salmon-Only Fishers
Q1 (24 surveys) Q2 (0 surveys) Q3 (25 surveys) Q4 (46 surveys)Tagalog 0 0 0 1Chinese 0 0 3 0Mienh 1 0 0 0Khmer 1 0 0 4Vietnamese 2 0 12 5English/Vietnamese 0 0 0 1English 20 0 10 35
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Perc
ent o
f Sur
veys
by
Lang
uage
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1a) Where are fishers coming from? (All respondents)
Source: On-river survey (responses for repeat survey takers were excluded to avoid double-counting)
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1a) Where are fishers coming from? Breakdown by ethnicity for all fishers
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1a) Where are fishers who reported catching resident species coming from?
Source: On-river survey (responses for repeat survey takers were excluded to avoid double-counting)
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1a) Where are fishers coming from?Breakdown by ethnicity for fishers who reported catching resident species.
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Source: On-river survey (all respondents)
1a) Where are people fishing?37
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Source: On-river survey (all respondents)
1b) What are you fishing for today?
Species Oct
ober
Nov
embe
r
Dec
embe
r
Janu
ary
Febr
uary
Mar
ch
Apr
il
May
June
July
Aug
ust
Sept
embe
r
Salmon 48 18 6 82 192Trout 1Flounder/Sole 3 1Rockfish 1 2 1Sculpin 1Perch 2 1 6 2 2 4Bait fish/small fish 2 5 10 3Herring 3 8 2 1Dogfish 1Crab 3 8Clams 1Squid 1 1Shrimp 2Anything I can catch 2 1
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1a) What are you fishing for today (by location)?
Source: On-river survey (all respondents)
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1b) What is done with the resident species that are caught?
Source: On-river survey (response are for resident fishers only, first-time respondents)
40
21/29
7/11
1/2
0/2
1/2
5/6
5/8
1/7
0/1
19/29
6/111/2
0/2
2/2
4/6
4/8
2/7
0/10%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%A
sian
(n=2
9)
Pac
ific
Isla
nder
(n=1
1)
Eur
opea
n(E
ast/W
est)
(n=2
)
Am
eric
an In
dian
/A
lask
an N
ativ
e(n
=2)
Bla
ck/A
frica
nA
mer
ican
(n=2
)
Latin
o (n
=6)
Mul
ti-R
acia
l (n=
8)
Whi
te/
Cau
casi
an (n
=7)
No
ethn
icity
spec
ified
(n=1
)
Eats catch
Shares catch
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1b) Sharing, Trading, Selling• Sharing commonly occurs as meal with immediate family• Extra fish may be shared by the river, given to extended
family/friends, or cooked up as communal meal or “fish fry”• Some fishers occasionally trade species to get more variety• Catch from the Duwamish generally not sold
• Fishers don’t catch enough to sell from Duwamish• People who sell fish generally go to further away locations to catch
fish (e.g., Columbia River, Snake River, Idaho, Oregon)• “Fish I caught in the Duwamish is for food for my family, and usually
it is just enough for my family, not for selling or sharing with others.” (Khmer)
Source: Key informant interviews
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1c & 1d) Preparing the Seafood
• Cleaning techniques vary among fishers• Who does the cooking?
• Cooking happens mostly within the fisher’s household• Women may predominate, but men also participate in cooking
• Preparation: • Varies by species and family culture• Recipes include making soup, deep frying, boiling, baking, smoking,
and making traditional dishes
• Source of seafood is known within fisher family, but not necessarily if fish was received as a gift or purchased
Source: Key informant interviews
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1c & 1d) Duwamish Fisher Culture
Social Identity*how leisure time is used*provide catch for social meal*knowledge of fishing and fishing
locations
Sharinggift exchange*
information and knowledge*companionship*
structures family meal/gathering*
Food*preparing traditional recipes
helps to maintain connection to ethnic background across generations
Learning to Fishinformal process*
friend-to-friend*family-to-family*
observation*
Duwamish Fisher Culture
Source: Key informant interviews
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Results, Part 2:
What are the perceived benefits of consuming seafood from the Duwamish? What is currently
known by the community about the risks of consuming seafood collected from the Duwamish?
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2a) Benefits of fishing• Leisure, activity, and hobby
• Respite from daily stress• Enjoying nature
• Social activity • Companionship• Sharing rides, information• Family outing
• Healthy food• Fresher than store-bought seafood, though not free
Source: Key informant interviews and on-river surveys
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Benefits of FishingFun RelaxationHealthy, fresh food source
Companionship Family time
~ ~ ~ Duwamish River ~ ~ ~
Obstacles to FishingTime Transportation
Knowledge of where to fish
Rules/regulations
Cost of license/equipment
2a) Importance of Duwamish To Fishers
Access“Only river in town.”
“I just have to drive 5-10 minutes.”
“I have no reliable transportation.”
“The cost does not stop me from fishing. It’s just
because of my job.”
Source: Key informant interviews
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2b) Risk Perceptions:
Water Quality• Cleanliness based on empirical evidence
• Smell, color, presence of trash, oil from boats• Physical characteristics of river: fast moving, tides moving in and
out, narrowness of river• Duwamish is cleaner than rivers in Vietnam
• Polluted water is assessed by seeing oil on water, presence of industries along riverbank, and direct observation of chemicals moving into the river
Source: Key informant interviews
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2b) Risk Perceptions, continued:
Visual inspection of fish• Dark color• Worms• Lives on the bottom of river
Experience of sickness• Limited to short-term, acute symptoms• Infrequent and only in others
Told by others• Advisories (rather than bans), other authorities, media• Other fishers• Sees older folks fishing and not sick• “God’s creatures”
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Source: Key informant interviews
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2b) Ways to consume seafood safely
• Cleaning / preparation: • Scrub and clean fish well• Cook thoroughly, especially deep fry in oil to kill all
contaminants
• Don’t eat if it looks or smells bad; throw it back• What to eat:
• Eat only salmon and fish that swim through• Eat just a little
• Fish upstream to get away from industry
Source: Key informant interviews
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2c) Why are people continuing to fish?• Fishers share a lay model of pollution
• Based on empirical evidence that relies on what can be detected by the senses and personal experience of not getting sick
• Logic of this model suggests that thorough cleaning and cooking makes fish safe
• Many fishers are also aware of toxic contaminants in the river but no notion of long-term impact on health –modified lay model
• These fishers avoid catching some species or limit consumption
Source: Key informant interviews
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2d) Do the various fisher groups know about the advisories and risks?
Percent of fishers who indicated yes, they have heard something about how eating seafood caught from the Duwamish might affect people’s health
Source: On-river survey (responses for repeat survey takers were excluded to avoid double-counting)
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38/10916/41
0/8
3/5
8/1914/40
13/21 46/79
14/30
3/11
0/2
1/2
0/2
3/6
6/85/7
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Asi
an(n
=109
/30)
Pac
ific
Isla
nder
(n=4
1/11
)
Eur
opea
n (E
ast/
Wes
t) (n
=8/2
)
Am
eric
an In
dian
/A
lask
an N
ativ
e(n
=5/2
)
Bla
ck/A
frica
n A
mer
ican
(n=1
9/2)
Latin
o(n
=40/
6)
Mul
ti-R
acia
l(n
=21/
8)
Whi
te/
Cau
casi
an(n
=79/
7)
Ethnic Group (count of all fishers / count of resident fishers)
All fishers
Fishers who reported catching resident species (may also be fishing for salmon)
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2d) What do they know? What have you seen or heard about how eating seafood caught
from the Duwamish might affect people’s health?
Source: On-river survey (responses for repeat survey takers were excluded to avoid double-counting)
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67/143
33/143
97/143
17/33
7/33
18/33
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
River (or fish) iscontaminated/polluted
Fish advisory Some or all seafood fromriver are unsafe
Per
cent
of R
espo
nses
All fishersFishers who reported catching resident species (may also be fishing for salmon)
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2e) How are they currently getting this information?• Top sources of
information: • Signs at fishing locations• Other fishing-related
places• Media sources• Word-of-mouth, talking
with friends/family
• Differences by ethnicity and age
Source: On-river survey (responses for repeat survey takers were excluded to avoid double-counting)
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
All fishers Fishers whoreported
catching residentspecies
Signs at fishinglocations
Other fishing-relatedplaces/sources
Media (non-internet)
Media (internet)
Word of mouth,talking withfriends/family
Other
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2e) Preferred information sources• Generally similar to current information sources as
shown in previous slide• Some differences (based both on key informant
interviews and on-river surveys):• Current signs at fishing locations not viewed as good
information source• More interest in outreach (especially for resident fishers)• Less interest in internet media sources (especially for
resident fishers)
Source: On-river survey and key informant interviews
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Alternatives to Duwamish seafood –feelings and options• Many people said they would be sad or disappointed
if they couldn’t fish on the Duwamish• Options
• Buy seafood at store / market • Generally not as fresh, but more variety• Some perception that store-bought fish is safer because of
government inspection (e.g., Khmer community)• Seafood is more expensive in store than other meat options
• Eat less fish and more meat• Go to other locations to fish
• Obstacles are time and transportation• Probably wouldn’t fish as often
Source: Key informant interviews
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Source: On-river survey
Other places people reported fishing
• Popular locations in the Seattle-area: • Alki – Seacrest pier• Des Moines pier• Dash Point pier• Green River• Lake Washington• Lincoln Park beach (salmon)
• Popular locations outside of Seattle: • Columbia River• Puyallup River• Snohomish River• Other locations around Puget Sound
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Other places people reported fishing: all fishers
Source: On-river survey (all fishers)
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Other places people reported fishing: excluding salmon-only respondents
Source: On-river survey (excluding salmon-only fishers)
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Initial Impressions
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Key insights from ECOSS debrief interview (general)
• Duwamish is a convenient and welcoming location for fishers
• Fishing is an important activity for bonding, family interactions, recreation
• Duwamish is a very popular salmon-fishing location• May keep fishing unless see people getting sick
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Key insights from ECOSS debrief interview (communication)• Signs are not sufficient; current signs are seen as too
complicated• Better communication strategies:
• Need variety of methods to reach people (e.g., interactive presentations, outreach along river); more effort is required
• Word-of-mouth is important; people trust others in their community• Interactive conversation is effective; especially with new
immigrants
• Need to get information to wives / non-fishers regarding preparation methods and where it is better to fish
• Some communities (e.g., Cambodian) appreciate government giving them information and trying to keep them safe
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Important Reminders When Interpreting Results
• Increasing awareness of risk alone does not change behavior
• Information on how to reduce risk must connect to local knowledge, attitudes, and practice
• “Why don’t fishers follow advisories” should be thought of as “how can ICs better meet the needs of fishers”
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Addressing Lay and Expert Models of Risk• Fishers lay model of risk relies on:
• Experience• Accumulated knowledge of fish safety and illness• Empirical inspection to identify “bad” fish
• Most fishers did not have a model for unseen risk• Effective risk communication respects fisher
knowledge, provides an additional model for unseen risk, integrates local knowledge and lifestyles
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Including the Experience of Fishers
• In key informant interviews, two fishers who worked at businesses on the river had modified their fishing behaviors
• Informing effective ways to distribute information: • Build respectful relationships with fishers• Fishers share information on the river—include fishers in
communication strategies• Include respected community members who are fishers in
communications with fishers and seafood consumers
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Additional Insights
• Consumption is part of the experience• Catch and release may not be popular
• Many fishers • Perceive river bottom as a polluted place to avoid• Assume that if any fishing is allowed, then all seafood is safe• Expressed trust in experts and authorities
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Wrap Up
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Fishers Study Next Steps• Data report
• Draft to agencies by August 4• Finalize in late 2016
• Report to community on fisher study results• Fact sheet
• Produce draft after receive comments on data report• Finalize before community meeting
• Community meeting – late 2016
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Data Report: Draft Outline• Introduction (including key questions and objectives)• Project Overview• Methods
• On-River Survey• Key Informant Interviews• Community Involvement
• Results – organized around key questions• Discussion• Next Steps
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Handoff to Task 11• Per Task 11 of the Statement of Work (2016), LDWG
shall, as directed by EPA, support development and implementation of institutional controls for LDW seafood consumption by providing, funding, or participating in:• Planning group to develop and implement plan• Incentives for community participation (subject to legal authority
of public agencies to do so)• Technical materials• Pilot testing of IC tools, such as outreach campaigns• Assessment of pilot test and plan revisions• Assessment of plan’s success and recommendations
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Questions?
If you are interested in an electronic copy of this presentation, it will be posted on
ldwg.org following this meeting.
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Supplemental Information
(Included for reference only; not part of June 2 presentation)
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ECOSS Pre-Survey Interviews• Conducted in October/November 2013 • Purpose – community input on study design• 54 community representatives provided important
guidance on:• Languages• Fishing locations• When and how to best approach fishers
• Comments on why people fish and risk perceptions very similar to results from on-river survey and key informant interviews
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On-River Survey Ethnicities
Ethnicity Group Ethnicity AllResident Fishers
Percent of Fishers who Catch Resident Seafood
Asian
Asian 1Burmese 2Cambodian/Khmer 26 7 27%Cham 1Chinese 14 3 21%Hmong 3 1 33%Japanese 1Korean 5 1 20%Lao 9 1 11%Mienh 2 1 50%Nepali 3Thai 2 1 50%Vietnamese 40 15 38%
European (East)
Bosnian 1Poland 1Romanian 1 1 100%Russian 2Ukrainian 2
European (West) Mediterranean 1 1 100%
PacificIslanders
Fijian 1Filipino 22 8 36%Hawaiian 1Indonesian 1Other Pacific Islander 3 2 67%Samoan 12 1 8%Tongan 1
OtherGroups
American Indian/Alaskan Native 5 2 40%Black/African American 19 2 11%Latino 40 6 15%Multi-racial 21 8 38%White/Caucasian 79 7 9%
No answer 3 1 -Total: Asian Populations 109 30 28%
Total: Pacific Islanders 41 11 27%Overall Total 325 69 21%
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Key Informant Interviews: Participant Demographics
Interview ID
Interview Date
Ethnic or Community Group (relationship) Gender
Age Group Fishes?
Fishes for Resident Fish?
Fishes for Salmon?
Consumes Resident Fish?
E1.1 10/2/2015 P1: African American Male 31-60 only salmon
E2.2 10/8/2015 P1: African American (husband) Male 61+
P2: Filipino (wife) Female 31-60
K1.3 9/25/2015P1: Cambodian (friend) Male 31-60
P2: Cambodian (friend) Male 61+
P3: Cambodian (friend) Male 31-60
K2.2 12/13/2015 P1: Cambodian (friend) Male 31-60 (once)
P2: Cambodian (friend) Female 31-60 (once)
ME1.5 11/2/2015
P1: Mien (daughter) Female 18-30 only salmonP2: Mien (wife) Female 61+
P3: Mien (husband) Male 61+
P4: Mien (daughter) Female 31-60
P5: Mien (daughter) Female 31-60 unclear
ME1.4 11/9/2015
P1: Mien (wife) Female 61+
P2: Mien (husband) Male 61+
P3: Mien (other family) Male 18-30
P4: Mien (daughter) Female 18-30
S1.1 10/23/2015 P1: Latino Female 31-60
V1.1 9/22/2015 P1: Vietnamese Male 61+
V2.1 12/9/2015 P1: Vietnamese Female 31-60
V3.1 12/9/2015 P1: Vietnamese Female 31-60
V4.1 12/9/2015 P1: Vietnamese Female 61+
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