DUW123 Intro for Communication

8/9/2019 DUW123 Intro for Communication

1/50

DUW123

Introduction toHuman Communication

by

ASSOC. PROF. ABDUL AZIZ MAHMUDDI

Uni!"r#iti Ma$a%#ia P"r$i# &UniMAP'


2/50

U(on com($"tion o) t*i# to(ic #tud"nt#*ou$d +" a+$" to

D",n" *uman communication.

Id"nti)% t*" mod"$# o) communication- and"($ain t*" (roc"## o) *uman communication.

D"#cri+" t*" "$"m"nt# o) *uman

communication.

D"#cri+" t*" )unction# o) communication.

Id"nti)% in /"n"ra$ t*" t%("0cont"t0,"$d o)*uman communication.


3/50

D",nition o) Communication Communication a# d"ri!"d )rom Latin

t"rmino$o/% communicare *ic* m"an#“to make common or to share” .

Sam#uddin A. Ra*im &1'- #aid t*at

communication# d",nition can +"di!id"d into )our cat"/ori"#. 4*"% ar"d",nition t*at5

1. 6m(*a#i7" on di##"mination or#"ndin/ 2. 6m(*a#i7" on #*arin/ o) m"anin/. 3. "m(*a#i7" on ("r#ua#ion.

8. "m(*a#i7" on +"*a!ioura$ a#("ct.


4/50

4*"odor#on dan 4*"odor#on &19'

Communication i# t*" #"ndin/ o)in)ormation- t*in:in/- attitud" or

"motion o) on" indi!idua$ or /rou( to

ot*"r indi!idua$ or /rou( +% u#in/#%m+o$#.

&one way communication?'

D",nition t*at "m(*a#i7" ondi##"mination and #"ndin/


5/50

D",nition t*at "m(*a#i# on#*arin/ o) m"anin/Ro/"r# &19'

Communication i# a (roc"## *"n to(arti"# *o in!o$!"d in t*"communication )orm and #*ar"

m"anin/ o) #i/na$#

to ac*i"!" und"r#tandin/.

&on" a%0to a% communication;'


6/50

D",nition t*at "m(*a#i7" on ("r#ua#ion

Car$ Ho!$and &1


7/50

D",nition t*at "m(*a#i7" on+"*a!ioura$ a#("ct

Cart"r &13'

Communication i# an indi!idua$=# a% to#"": out and di##"minat" in)ormation

a+out r"a$it%- #o t*at it can contro$ *i# $i)"*"t*"r indi!idua$$% or in /rou(.

&i) %ou )ai$"d in t*" "amination#- *at do"#t*at m"an 0*at ar" %ou doin/'

&on" a% or to a% communication;'


8/50

>OS6PH A. D6?I4OHuman communication: The basic

course &1'

@...refers to the act, by one or

more persons, of sending andreceiving messages that aredistorted by noise, occur within acontext, have some eect, and

provide some opportunity forfeedback .


9/50

ROALD B. ADL6R 6IL 4OW6Looking out/looking in &23'

@...is a continous, transactional processinvolving participants who occupy

dierent but overlappingenvironments and create

relationships through the exchange

of messages, many of which areaected by external, physiological,and psychological noise.


10/50

CH6RL HAMIL4O CORD6LL PARE6RCommunicating for result &23'

“...the process of people sharing

thought and feelings

with each other

in common understandable ways.”


11/50

Mod"$ and Proc"## o)Human Communication

D",nition o)

MODEL

“Model is! simpli"ed representationsof complex interrelationships among

elements in the communication process, which allow us to visually

understand a sometimes complex process.”


12/50

D",nition o)

Communication rocess

Da!id B"r$o &19'

@I) " acc"(t t*" conc"(t o) (roc"##-

" !i" "!"nt# and r"$ation#*i(# a#d%namic- on/oin/- "!"r c*an/in/-continou#. W*"n " $a+"$ #om"t*in/

a# a (roc"##- " a$#o m"an t*at it

do"# not *a!" a +"/innin/- an "nd- a,"d #"u"nc" o) "!"nt#. It i# not

#tatic- at r"#t. It i# mo!in/. 4*"in/r"di"nt# it*in a (roc"## int"ractG

"ac* a"ct# a$$ t*" ot*"r#.


13/50

Linear Mo!el


14/50

"nteractional Mo!el

#ee!back #ee!back


15/50

Transactional Mo!el


16/50

Elements of Communication

6$"m"nt# i# t*" com(on"nt# t*at in!o$!"d incommunication (roc"##. 6$"m"nt# o) *umancommunication ar" 5

1. #ourc"

2. r"c"i!"r 3. m"##a/"

8. c*ann"$


17/50

Sourc"

I# t*" ("r#on *o initiat" &t*" initiator' t*"(roc"## o) m"##a/" d"$i!"r%. In 2Ja%communication (roc"## t*" #ourc" i# a$#ocon#id"r"d a# r"c"i!"r +"cau#" at t*" "ndo) t*" communication (roc"## " cannot

d"t"rmin" *o i# t*" #ourc" or r"c"i!"r.

Initiator i# "ntit% *o (o##"##mind- ("rc"(tion- "motion- anatom%-

(*%#ica$- attitud"- !a$u"- +"*a!iour-!"r+a$ com("t"nc%- )ram" o) r")"r"nc"-

("r#ona$ *a+it and a uniu" cu$tur".


18/50

R"c"i!"r

I# t*" ("r#on *o r"c"i!" t*" m"##a/"

t*at #"nt +% r"c"i!"r.

A r"c"i!"r i# a$#o an "ntit% *o(o##"##

mind- ("rc"(tion- "motion- anatom%-(*%#ica$- attitud"- !a$u"- +"*a!iour-

!"r+a$ com("t"nc%- )ram" o)r")"r"nc"-("r#ona$ *a+it and a uniu" cu$tur".


19/50

1. /rand)at*"r- /randmot*"r- mot*"r-)at*"r +rot*"r- #i#t"r- unc$"- cou#in

2. 4"ac*"r- $"ctur"r r"ctor-admini#trati!" oKc"r- c$"r:- oKc"a##i#tant- #(ort oKc"r.

3. )ri"nd#- $o!"r.

6am($"# o) r"c"i!"r accordin/ tocont"t#5


20/50

8. OKc" mat"- *"ad o) d"(artm"nt-com(an% on"r.


21/50

M"##a/"

i# id"a#- t*ou/*t- )""$in/# or"("ri"nc" t*at ant"d to +" #*ar"d

+% t*" #ourc" it* an indi!idua$ or a/rou( o) ("o($" in t*" )orm o) !"r+a$&ord#' and0or non!"r+a$ &)acia$"(r"##ion- +od% mo!"m"nt#-

touc*"#- !oic" ton"# "tc.' $an/ua/".


22/50


23/50

F""d+ac: 4*" #i/na$# t*at a r"c"i!"r continuou#$% /i!"#

to a #"nd"r indicatin/ *o "$$ t*" m"##a/"

i# +"in/ r"c"i!"d ar" :non a# )""d+ac:.

F""d+ac: i# "tr"m"$% im(ortant )or #"nd"r#-#inc" it a$$o# t*"m to di#co!"r #uc* matt"r#a# *"t*"r t*"% ar" #("a:in/ too )a#t- u#in/ord# t*at ar" too com($"- or "!"n *"t*"rt*"% ar" o"ndin/ or an/"rin/ t*"ir r"c"i!"r#.

F""d+ac: can con#i#t o) wor!s$ non%erbalsymbols$ or both. F""d+ac: ma:"# it(o##i+$" )or #("a:"r# to Nud/" *o "$$ t*"%

ar" communicatin/.


24/50

Cod"

Cod" i# a #%#t"matic #%m+o$arran/"m"nt t*at u#"d to cr"at"m"anin/ in #om"on"=# mind or /rou(

o) ("o($".

Word- (*ra#"- and #"nt"nc" +"com"#%m+o$# t*at u#"d to r"(r"#"ntima/"- t*in:in/- id"a and0or )""$in/#.

?"r+a$ cod" con#titut" #%m+o$# and/rammar arran/"m"nt.


25/50

on!"r+a$ cod"# inc$ud"5

1. Ein"#ic# (o#tur"- mo!"m"nt- /"#tur"#-

and )acia$ "(r"##ion.

2. Pro"mic# &t*" #tud% o) t*" *uman u#"o) #(ac"' t"rritoria$ and ("r#ona$

&intimat" di#tanc"- ("r#ona$ di#tanc"-#ocia$ di#tanc"- and (u+$ic di#tanc"'.

3. C*ron"mic# t*" a% t*at ("o($"or/ani7" and u#" tim".

8. 4acti$" t*" u#" o) touc* incommunication.


26/50

&continuation' on!"r+a$ cod"# inc$ud"5


27/50

6ncod"

4*" action o) ("rc"i!in/- int"r(r"tin/-tran#$atin/ and con#tructin/ m"anin/

into a )orm o) id"a#- t*ou/*t or

)""$in/# +% t*" r"c"i!"r or #ourc" i#ca$$"d "ncod".


28/50

D"cod"

M"anin/ ("rc"i!"d +% t*" r"c"i!"r or#ourc"

a+out t*" id"a#- t*ou/*t or )""$in/##"nt +% t*" #ourc" or r"c"i!"r.


29/50

oi#"

An% "$"m"nt# t*at di#tort t*" (roc"## o)"ncodin/ or d"codin/ m"##a/"#- and itr"duc"# or dama/in/ t*" m"##a/" c$arit%.

oi#" con#titut" c$imat"- *idd"n !i"-a+norma$ +"*a!iour- unc$"ar(ronunciation- na#a$it%- ord# t*at " do

not und"r#tand- and (ain

oi#" con#titut"# an%t*in/ t*at (r"!"nt u#)rom r"c"i!in/- acc"(tin/- int"r(r"tin/

m"##a/"#

or )""d+ac:.


30/50

Fram" o) R")"r"nc"

It m"an# "!"r%t*in/

#uc* a#"("ri"nc"# - :no$"d/"-

)""$in/#0"motion and (rior in)ormation

*ic* +"$on/# to t*" #"nd"r orr"c"i!"r.


31/50

6n!ironm"nt0Situationa$0Cont"t

r")"r to t*" (*%#ica$ $ocation&"n!ironm"nt t*at can +" #""n or

touc*"d J co$d or *otin a c$"an roomor #ta$$# +"#id" t*" roadG

("r#ona$ "("ri"nc"#- tim"

&mornin/0ni/*t- toda% 01 %"ar#

+")or"'G and cu$tur" &norm#- ru$"#-+"$i")# and attitud"# '*ic* inu"nc"d *uman

communication.


32/50

FUC4IOS OF

HUMA COMMUICA4IO 4*" )unction# o) *uman communication"($ain t*" u"#tion *% *uman n""d to

communicat".

Accordin/ to Ad$"r 4on" &23'-

man communicat" +"cau#" o)5Socia$ n""d# Id"ntit% n""d#

Practica$ (ur(o#"# P*%#ica$ n""d#


33/50

Socia$ ""d#

Socia$ n""d# i# d",n"d a# t*" n""d to *a!"

r"$ation#*i( it* ot*"r ("o($" in ord"r )oru# to5

+" $i:"d and +" $o!"d .

On t*" ot*"r *and- communication i# a$#ou#"d to5

a!oid ot*"r#- to ,/*t- to a+andon

r"$ation#*i( and "tc.


34/50

Id"ntit% n""d#

4*rou/* communication- *uman$"arn# a+out *i#0*"r #"$)- id"ntit%&c$"!"r0#tu(id- (r"tt%0u/$%-#:i$$0dum+. A$$ t*"#" "r" id"nti,"dt*rou/* t*" a% " int"ract it*

ot*"r#. 6am($"#5

J OU *at i# %our r"action i) 88

("o($" #aid t*at %our )ac" i# #o (a$".

J 4ARZA *at i# t*" r"action o) 4ar7an i) 88 ("o($" t*at *" m"t #aid

*" $oo:"d $i:" a ci!i$i7"d ("r#on.


35/50

Wi#"man #a%#5

W" ar" attract"d to t*o#" *o $"/itimi7" ourid"ntit%.

4*o#" ("o($" *o *a!" *i/* $"!"$ o) #"$)J"#t""mr"$ati!"$% t"nd to ,nd )ri"nd# *o ar" r"ad% to$"/itimi7" t*"ir ("r#ona$it%. orma$$% t*"% i$$ tr%to a!oid t*o#" *o do not a((r"ciat" t*"ir#tr"n/t* or a+i$it%.

4*o#" ("o($" *o t*in: t*at t*"% ar" u#"$"##-u#ua$$% i$$ ,nd ("o($" *o tr"at t*"m in arou/*0rud" mann"r.

W*% do " n""d to $oo: #mart a$$ t*" tim";

4*"r")or"-

W" n""d to (ractic" #u((orti!" communication inord"r to c*an/" t*" im("r)"ct )""$in/ o) ot*"r# to


36/50

Practica$ Pur(o#"#

Practica$ (ur(o#" o) communication i#

communication it* t*" aim to ("r#uad" to("o($" &in ord"r to c*an/" t*"ir attitud"# and

+"*a!iour'

6am($"#5 Mar:"tin/ communication i# m"ant )or

inu"ncin/ ("o($" to +u% a (roduct *ic*#om"tim"# do"# not r"uir"d +% t*"m.

"/otiation u#"d to r"#o$!" conict &*ic*cau#"d +% a #tru//$" )or t*" #am" o+N"cti!"-or to ma:" t*" +"#t c*oic" *"n " )ac" a!ariou# num+"r o) #ourc"#.


37/50

Communication #:i$$# &a+i$it% tod"$i!"r #(""c* and $i#t"n ""cti!"$%'

i# a n"c"##it% )or No+ a(($icant#durin/ int"r!i" #"##ion.

Communication at or: i# to cr"at"+"tt"r or: "n!ironm"nt &*a((% and(roducti!"'.

Po$itica$ communication (ur(o#" i# toinu"nc" ("o($" )or !otin/.

I dditi


38/50

In addition-accordin/ to >"#"(* A. D"!ito &1'-

("o($" communicat" to5

O&er HEL- "am($"#5

J 4*"ra(i#t &*"$(in/ #om"on" to r"duc" t*"ir

(*%#ica$ or "motiona$ (ain'.

J 4"ac*"r# &*"$(in/ #tud"nt# to und"r#tandc"rtain :no$"d/"'-

J Coun#"$or# &*"$(in/ c$i"nt to ,nd t*" +"#ta% to r"#o$!" (ro+$"m# )ac"d +% t*" c$i"nt'-

J 4"am m"m+"r# &*"$( t*" t"am in (ro+$"m

#o$!in/'.


39/50

4o PLA

Communication i# an act o) ($a% m"an# "communicat" in ord"r to *a!" )un- tr%in/to a!oid (ro+$"m#- or a# a m"an o)r"$ain/.

6am($"#5

$i#t"nin/ to No:"# +% a com"dian or No:"#

#*ar"d +% ot*"r#.

#*ar" #om"t*in/ t*at can ma:" t*"$i#t"n"r# )""$ *a((% or "#ca(" )rom an%

)orm o) (r"##ur".

P*%#ica$ ""d#


40/50

P*%#ica$ ""d#

S"!"ra$ r"#"arc*"# #*o t*at*uman communication c$o#"$% r"$at"d to5

4*" *"a$t* #tat" o) a ("r#on . Human $i)" #(an

6am($"#5

Morta$it% rat" amon/ di!orc"d ("o($" &+")or"t*"% r"ac* %"ar o$d' +"cau#" o) *"artdi#"a#"- canc"r- and #tro:" i# dou+$" com(ar"dto t*o#" *o ar" marri"d. 4ri(($" +"cau#" o)*%("rt"n#ion- ,!" )o$d +"cau#" o) commitin/

#uicid"- #"!"n )o$d +"cau#" o) $i!"r di#"a#"'- andt"n )o$d +"cau#" o) tu+"rcu$o#i#.

H"nc" -" n""d to communicat" it* ot*"r#5 our )ami$%

m"m+"r#- )ri"nd#- n"i/*+our- co$$"a/u"- orcommunit% m"m+"r#.


41/50

FI6LDS OF HUMA COMMUICA4IO

'(iritual Communication

r")"r# to communication (roc"## it*

ALLAH0QOD durin/ #o$a*- 7i:r- (ra%in/- r"("ntin/ -

"tc.


42/50

"ntra(ersonelCommunication

Intra("r#ona$ communication i#t*" acti!" int"rna$ in!o$!"m"nt

o) t*" indi!idua$ in #%m+o$ic(roc"##in/ o) m"##a/"#.

4*" indi!idua$ +"com"# *i# or *"ron #"nd"r and r"c"i!"r-

(ro!idin/ )""d+ac: to *im or*"r#"$) in an on/oin/ int"rna$

(roc"##.


43/50

"nter(ersonalCommunication

I# t*" (roc"## t*rou/* *ic* ("o($"cr"at" and mana/" t*"ir r"$ation#*i(#-""rci#in/ mutua$ r"#(on#i+i$it% incr"atin/ and #*arin/ m"anin/

&t*ou/*t- )""$in/# or "("ri"nc"'.

Int"r("r#ona$ communication a$#or"co/ni#"d a# d%adic communication

*ic* i# t*" (roc"## a$mo#t don"t*rou/* )ac" to )ac" in ord"r to"#ta+$i#*- maintain- r"(air- ord"t"riorat" int"r("r#ona$ r"$ation#*i(.

' ll )


44/50

'mall )rou(Communication

r")"r# to t*" natur" o) communicationt*at occur# in a /rou( &+"t""n 3

and 1< to 2 indi!idua$#' *o #*ar"

id"a#- t*ou/*t- and )""$in/# in ord"rto r"#o$!" (ro+$"m#- to ma:"d"ci#ion &"am($"#5 m""tin/-

di#cu##ion- t"am +ui$din/ or tru#t+ui$din/ #"##ion'.


45/50

Organi*ational Communication

Occur# in or/ani7ation "at*"r in a d%adic

communication u("rior and #u+ordinat"- or m"m+"r#in t*" #am" d"(artm"nt'- #ma$$ /rou( communication&in a m""tin/'- or (u+$ic communication (""c* )romC6O'G

*"t*"r it*in m"m+"r# in or/ani7ation &int"rna$

communication' or indi!idua$# or /rou(# )rom out#id"or/ani7ation &"t"rna$ communication'G

to #*ar" t*ou/*t and )""$in/# t*at ar" r"$at"d to("r#ona$ matt"r#- ta#:# &,nd n" id"a#- (ro+$"m

#o$!in/- d"ci#ion ma:in/' or: &in#truction#-coun#"$in/- ("r)ormanc" "!a$uation- int"r!i"-moti!ation- n" #ta induction (ro/ramm"- conictr"#o$ution' (roduct- or (roc"dur"# &ru$" and r"/u$ation-(o$ic% and act# ' in or/ani7ation-

*"t*"r in a )ac"JtoJ)ac" mann"r or t*rou * c*ann"$#


46/50

Cor(orate Communication

A ,"$d o) #tud% t*at in!o$!"dcommunication a#("ct in cor(orat"

uc* a# mu$tinationa$ com(an% +a#"d

on (ro,t ori"ntation'.

4*" ,"$d i# r"$at"d to ima/" +ui$din/-cor(orat" r"(utation- +randin/-

,nancia$ r"(ort- cor(orat" cu$tur" andcom(an% ("r)ormanc" r"(ort.


47/50

ublic Communication

Communication occurr"d in $ar/" /rou(&mor" t*an 2 ("o($"'

it* t*" aim

to #*ar" in)ormation or )""$in/#it* t*" *o(" to c*an/" t*" !a$u"#-

attitud"- and0or +"*a!iour o) t*"audi"nc" or to ma:" t*"

r"c"i!"r#0audi"nc" a/r""d it* t*"#ourc"0#"nd"r (att"rn o) t*ou/*t.


48/50

Mass Communication

A )orm o) communication +% *ic*m"##a/"# ar" cr"at"d +% #"nd"r and

di#tri+ut"d to audi"nc" t*rou/*traditiona$ m"dia ton"- $"a!"#'G

(rint"d m"dia &+oo:#- r"(ort#-ma/a7in"'G or "$"ctronic m"dia

&radio- t!- int"rn"t #at"$$it"'.

Ma## m"dia i# an% m"dium u#"d totran#mit m"##a/"#.


49/50

"ntercultural Communication

Communication +"t""n *umanit* di"r"nt cu$tur" &r"$i/ion-

norm#- ru$"# and ro$"#'+ac:/round.


50/50

46RIMA EASIH

DUW123 Intro for Communication

Documents

Transcript of DUW123 Intro for Communication