Duty´s first

Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje - SENA. Reservados todos los derechos 2013.

A1 First levelDuty´s fi rst

Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje - SENA. Reservados todos los derechos 2013. 2 /12

Warm-up

Welcome!

Welcome, dear apprentices!

I am Amanda Robinson and I am

your guide throughout this learning

material.

This material includes useful

information about the following topics:

• Affi rmative and negative sentences

in simple present

• -s endings for verbs in third person

• Occupations and related activities

• Workplaces

• Prepositions of time

• Time expressions

Enjoy it!

Let’s read the following conversation and answer the questions that follow.

Amanda: Hi, Stacey! Do you want to have lunch with me?

Stacey: Sure!

Amanda: What do you think about your new job as a receptionist?

Stacey: I think it is fi ne.

Stacey: Are you a math teacher?

Amanda: No, I am an art teacher.

Stacey: Is your husband a teacher too, right?

Amanda: No, he is a journalist. His name is John and he works in a news channel.

Stacey: Do you have children?

Amanda: Yes, I have two. Tim is 14 years old and Linda is 24 years old. My

daughter studies Business Administration at San Andrés university.


Warm-up

Stacey: Does she know how to speak English?

Amanda: Yes, she speaks English and Spanish.

Stacey: Wow! And what about your son?

Amanda: He is at school. He is a good student and he exercises, too. He swims

and jogs. He also likes to play basketball and volleyball.

Stacey: And what does he want to study after he fi nishes school?

Amanda: He wants to be a doctor.

Stacey: What do you usually do on weekdays?

Amanda: I get up at 5:00 in the morning. I prepare breakfast for my family. We

seat and eat together.

Amanda: I also prepare my husband’s clothes. Then, after my son, my husband

and my daughter leave, I take a walk from 6:00 am to 7:00 am. Sometimes, I run

for half an hour. I usually arrive at school at 8:00 am.

Stacey: What do you do when you get home?

Amanda: Before I get home, I drive to a near restaurant and buy some takeout

dinner. Then, we eat together and my husband washes the dishes.

Amanda: How about you? What do you do during the day?

Stacey: When I wake up in the morning, I like to drink coff ee and watch the

morning news. In the evening, I come home from the offi ce at 6:30 pm and go

out for dinner with my boyfriend. Sometimes, we stay and cook at home. On

weekends, we go to dance.

Amanda: Oh! By the way, I need to take my car to the mechanic. Can you give me

a ride after work?

Stacey: Sure! Let me know when you leave.

Amanda: Well, lunchtime is over. Nice to speak with you. See you later.

Stacey: Ok. See you.

Warm-up


Warm-up

Now, let’s study some important concepts.

Affi rmative and negative forms in present simpleWe use the present simple to talk about habits, routines and general facts.

Habits or routines:

She drinks coff ee every morning.

General facts:

Birds sing.

To form affi rmative sentences with the fi rst and second subject pronouns

singular or plural (I, you, we, they) in present simple, take into account the

following structure:

Subject + Main verb + Complement

I

You

We

They

Let’s analyze

get out at 5 pm


Let’s analyze

To form affi rmative sentences with the third subject pronoun singular (she, he, it)

in present simple, add –s or -es to the main verb. Take into account the following

structure:

Subject + Main verb + -s or -es ending + Complement

She jogs every morning.

He washes the dishes in the evening.

The dog / it runs in the yard.

The spelling of the verbs in the third person varies according to the ending of

each verb.

1.In general, add -S to most of the verbs in the third person.

Speak Speaks

2. Add -es to verbs that end in -o, -ch, -sh, -ss, -x or –z.

Go Goes

3. For verbs that end in a consonant + y, remove the y and add -ies.

Study (Study) studies

4. For verbs that end in a vowel + y, add -s.

Play plays


Let’s analyze

To form negative sentences in present simple use auxiliary verbs do or does and

add not. Short form for do + not is don’t and for does + not is doesn’t. Take into

account the following structure:

Subject + do/does + no t + main verb + complement

I

you

we

they

He

She

It

Occupations, workplaces and related activitiesNow, let’s learn some vocabulary related to workplaces, occupations and their

related activities.

don’t

doesn’t

like mushrooms.

I am a teacher. I teach arts at a school.

She is a secretary. She does offi ce work

for her supervisor in a

company.

She is a student. She studies Business

Administration at a

university.

He is a journalist. He makes reports and

interviews famous

people for a news

channel.

He is a waiter. He serves people in a

restaurant.

He is a chef. He cooks meals for

his customers in a

restaurant.

He is a musician. He sings rock songs

and gives concerts in

auditoriums.


Let’s analyze

Prepositions of timeUse in, at and on to talk about the time. Here, there are some examples.

At On In

AtUse at to talk about precise time:

• At 4 o’ clock

• At noon / night /midday / midnight

• At lunchtime

• At bedtime

• At the moment

• At present

OnUse on to talk about days and dates:

• On Monday

• On weekdays / the weekends

• On Tuesday morning

• On April the 7th

• On December the 23rd, 2012

• On Christmas day

• On my birthday


Let’s analyze

InUse in for longer periods:

• In March

• In the summer

• In 1985

• In the 80’s

• In the next century

• In the past/future

Time expressionsNow, let’s learn how to ask for the time and the most common ways of telling the

time.

Asking for the time

There are several ways to ask for the time. You can use these options to ask

diff erent questions:

• Excuse me, what time is it?

• Sorry, what’s the time?

• Pardon, do you have the time, please?

Saying the time (fi rst option)

You say the hours fi rst and then the minutes. You can pronounce the ‘0’ as ‘oh’ for

minutes 1 to 9.

Examples:

2:35 pm It’s two thirty-fi ve

9:06 am It’s nine ‘oh’ six


Let’s analyze

Saying the time (second option)

You say the minutes fi rst and then the hours. Take into the following advice:

• For minutes 1 through 30 use the expressions ‘past’, ‘a quarter past’, ‘a quarter

after’, ‘half past’ or ‘after’, and the preceding hour.

• For minutes 31 through 59 use the expressions ‘to’ or ‘a quarter to’, and the

forthcoming hour.

• Use ‘o’clock’ for the exact hour.

• For times around 12:00 pm or 12:00 am use the expressions ‘midday’, ‘noon’ or

‘midnight’ instead of number 12.

• To make clear whether you mean a time before or after 12 o’clock you can use

the expressions ‘in the morning’, ‘in the afternoon’, ‘in the evening’ and ‘am’ or ‘pm’.

• The following watch will help you understand:

Examples

7:15 am ‘It’s fi fteen minutes past / after seven’, ‘It’s a quarter past / after seven’ or

‘It´s seven fi fteen (am / in the morning)’.

1:45 pm ‘It’s fi fteen minutes to two’, ‘It’s a quarter to two’ or ‘It’s one forty-fi ve (pm

/ in the afternoon)’.

7:30 pm ‘It’s thirty minutes past / after seven’, ‘It’s half past seven’ or ‘It’s seven thirty

(pm / in the evening)’.

12:00 am ‘It’s midnight’ or ‘It’s twelve (am) o’ clock’.

12:00 pm ‘It’s midday / noon’ or ‘It’s twelve (pm) o’ clock’.


Let’s talk

Let´s talkAs you know, when we form affi rmative sentences with the third person, we usually

add –s or -es at the end of verbs, as in plays, watches, or comes. The pronunciation

of these endings varies depending on the fi nal sound of the verb.

/S/ When the verb ends in sounds such as -p, -t, -k, -f or -th; pronounce the fi nal -s or

-es sound as /S/.

Examples:

Final -p: hope / hopes In context: She hopes she can get a better salary.

Final -t: get / gets In context: Gabriel gets out at 5:00 pm.

Final -k: walk / walks In context: Stacey walks in the morning everyday.

Final -f: laugh / laughs In context: He laughs a lot when he reads comic books.

Final -th: bathe / bathes In context: The child bathes her dog every week.

/Z/When the verb ends in vowel sounds or sounds such as -b, -d, -g, -v, -m, -n, -ng, or

-r; pronounce the fi nal -s or -es sound as /z/.

Examples:

Final -b: comb / combs In context: Clare combs her hair every morning.

Final -d: read / reads In context: Daniel reads the newspaper everyday.

Final -g: jog / jogs In context: She jogs in the park in the afternoon.

Final -v: drive / drives In context: The girl swims on Saturdays.


Let’s talk

Final -m: swim / swims In context: The girl swims on Saturdays.

Final- n: run / runs In context: John runs in the park on the weekends.

Final -ng: sing / sings In context: Bill sings rock songs in his free time.

Final -l: call / calls In context: Bryan works in a call center.

He calls customers all day.

Final -r: answer / answers In context: Cynthia is a receptionist. In her job,

S She answers emails and phone calls all

gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggday.

Final vowel sound -i: play / plays In context: Tim plays basketball every day.

/IZ/When the verb ends in sounds such as -sh, -ch, -ge or -x; pronounce the fi nal -s or

-es sound as /IZ/.

Examples:

Final -s: dance / dances In context: She dances with her workmates

o on Friday evenings.

Final -sh: wash / washes In context: Gabriel washes the dishes in the evening.

Final -ch: watch / watches In context: Michael watches the news in the mo

r morning.

Final -x: fax / faxes In context: He faxes documents all time in the offi ce.

Final -ge: change / changes In context: Maria changes checks in a bank. She is a

c cashier.

Final -z: frizz / frizzes In context: Loren worries a lot about her look.

s She frizzes her hair everyday.


ReferencesFábregas, P. Ejercicio de Ingles.com. Retrieved on May 21st, 2013, from,

http://www.ejerciciodeingles.com/curso-ingles-basico/

CreditsPedagogical Direction

Paul Cifuentes

Carlos Javier Amaya

Direction of Art

César Páez

ICT Leadership

Yeison Ospina

Quality management

Juan Carlos Rojas

Script Composition

Giovanni Martin

Content SupportErica May Bent

William Lever Gasca

Multimedia DevelopmentEdmundo Watts

Jose Mario Alzate

Felipe Becerra

Voices

Equipo Regional San Andrés

Duty´s first

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