Dutton, D. G., & Aron, A. P. (1974). Some evidence for heightened sexual attraction under conditions of high anxiety. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 30, 510-517.

Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação Universidade de Coimbra

PSICOLOGIA SOCIAL I & II Valentim R. Alferes, 1995, 2006, 2013

EXERCÍCIO DUTTON & ARON (1974)

Estudo 1 – Manipulação da activação

In 1889, a pioneering Scotsman, George Grant Mackay, suspended the original swinging bridge over the rushing waters of Capilano Canyon. The spectacular beauty of this wilderness location attracted many turn-of-the-century adventurers. As transportation improved, visitors flocked to the intriguing footbridge, establishing it as a world-renowned attraction.

Today, Capilano Suspension Bridge and Park invites you to relive those pioneer days. Join friendly costumed staff as they take you back in time....Grasp the cool, steel cable, step onto the gently swaying cedar plants and follow Mackey's footsteps 450 feet (136 metres) across and 230 feet (70 metres) above Capilano River!

Control Bridge:Constructed of heavy cedar10 feet above a small,shallow rivulethigh handrails and did not tiltor sway

Capilano Canyon SuspensionBridge:...a tendency to tilt, sway, andwobble, creating the impressionthat one is about to fall over theside......230-foot drop to rocks andshallow rapids below the bridge...

In the TAT, the test subject (the boy shown here) examines a set of cards that portray human figures in a variety of settings and situations, and is asked to tell a story about each card. The story includes the event shown in the picture, preceding events, emotions and thoughts of those portrayed, and the outcome of the event shown. The story content and structure are thought to reveal the subject's attitudes, inner conflicts, and views.

TAT – Item 3GF

Estudo 1 – Verificação da manipulação

t(28) = 9.7, p < .001 t(28) = 10.6, p < .001

Estudo 1 – Dados comportamentais e pontuações no TAT

TABLE 1. BEHAVIORAL RESPONSES AND THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST IMAGERY SCORES FOR EACH EXPERIMENTAL GROUP

Interviewer No. filling in

questionnaire No. accepting phone number

No. phoning Usable

questionnaires Sexual imagery

score

Female

Control bridge 22/33 66.7 16/22 72.7 2/16 12.5 18 1.41

Experimental bridge 23/33 69.7 18/23 78.3 9/18 50.0 20 2.47

Male

Control bridge 22/42 52.4 6/22 27.3 1/6 16.7 20 0.61

Experimental bridge 23/51 45.1 7/23 30.4 2/7 28.6 20 0.80

Cores = Percentagens

Bridge * Phone Crosstabulation

Phone

0 No phone 1 Phone Total

Count 14 2 16 1 Control

% within Bridge 87.5% 12.5% 100.0%

Count 9 9 18 Bridge

2 Experimental % within Bridge 50.0% 50.0% 100.0%

Count 23 11 34 Total

% within Bridge 67.6% 32.4% 100.0%

Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided) Exact Sig. (2-sided)

Exact Sig. (1-sided)

Pearson Chi-Square 5.443(b) 1 .020

Continuity Correction(a) 3.864 1 .049

Likelihood Ratio 5.796 1 .016

Fisher's Exact Test .030 .023

Linear-by-Linear Association 5.283 1 .022

N of Valid Cases 34

a Computed only for a 2x2 table b 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 5.18.

Estudo 1 – Comparação dos dados comportamentais nas duas condições (entrevistador = mulher)

2(1, N = 34) = 5.7, p < .02

FEMALE MALE

Estudo 1 – Dados comportamentais: Percentagem de sujeitos que telefonaram

FEMALE MALE

Estudo 1 – Dados imaginais: Médias no item do TAT

t(36) = 3.19, p < .01 t(38) = 0.36, ns

Dados comportamentais Dados imaginais

Estudo 2 – Dados comportamentais e pontuações no TAT Entrevistador = Mulher Ponte = Capilano Canyon Suspension Bridge

t(36) = 3.07, p < .01 2(1, N = 43) = 5.89, p < .02

Estudo 3 – Verificação da manipulação

TABLE 2. REPORTED ANXIETY IN EXPERIMENTAL CONDITION

Subject expects: Female confederate to get strong shock

Female confederate to get weak shock

Total No female confederate

Strong shock 3.17 3.05 3.11 3.80

Weak shock 2.42 2.28 2.35

Total 2.80 2.93

Subject expects:

TABLE 3. ATTRACTION RATINGS BY EXPERIMENTAL CONDITION

Subject expects: Female confederate to get strong shock

Female confederate to get weak shock

Strong shock 3.7 3.4

Weak shock 2.9 2.7

TABLE 4. SEXUAL IMAGERY SCORES BY EXPERIMENTAL CONDITION

Subject expects: Female confederate to get strong shock

Female confederate to get weak shock

Strong shock 2.27 2.19

Weak shock 1.52 1.69

• Subject expectation: F(1, 76) = 22.80, p

< .001• Female situation: F(1, 76) = 2.61, ns• Interaction: F(1, 76) = ?, ns

• Subject expectation: F(1, 76) = 4.73, p < .05• Female situation: F(1, 76) = ?, ns• Interaction: F(1, 76) = 4.22, p = .07

Estudo 3 – Atracção pela comparsa e pontuações no TAT

Subject expects: