During this lesson, you will explain: -The pattern atomic number, mass -Atomic radius -Ionization...
Transcript of During this lesson, you will explain: -The pattern atomic number, mass -Atomic radius -Ionization...
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During this lesson, you will explain:
- The pattern atomic number, mass- Atomic radius- Ionization energy- Electron affinity
Across a periodandDown a group
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Section 3 Trends in the Periodic Table
• Draw atomic models of lithium, magnesium, and fluorine.
• From the models, predict whether the ions of these elements will be larger or smaller than the atoms. Be sure to justify your predictions.
Chapter 4
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Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
ResourcesChapter menu
Ionization Energy, continued
Section 3 Trends in the Periodic TableChapter 4
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Variables in Trend changes: use these in your explanations (why)
1. Distance of electron from nucleus: The farther away, the lower the attraction.
2. Nuclear attraction- Electrostatic attraction of opposite charges (+ and -) More protons, more attraction to electron, at same distance.
3. Shielding- inner electrons blocking the attraction of the nucleus to outer electrons.
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Atomic Number•Increases across a period•Increases down a family
Atomic Mass•Increases across a period•Increases down a family
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Atomic Radius:•Decreases across a period
WHY?
due to increased attraction of more positive nuclei to negative electron•Increases down a family
WHY?
due to addition of an energy level (shell)
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Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
ResourcesChapter menu
Periodic Trends of Radii
Section 3 Trends in the Periodic TableChapter 4
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Electron Affinity
Amount of energy released when an atom gains an electron
•Increase across a period•Decrease down a family
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Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
ResourcesChapter menu
Section 3 Trends in the Periodic TableChapter 4
![Page 12: During this lesson, you will explain: -The pattern atomic number, mass -Atomic radius -Ionization energy -Electron affinity Across a period and Down a.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfc11a28abf838ca41b3/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Ionization Energy
Energy required to remove an electron from neutral atom.
What is the trend of the ionization energy?
Graph paper, your PT (use data of energy)
X –axis group number
Y-axis ionization energy
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Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Resources
Ionization Energy,
Section 3 Trends in the Periodic TableChapter 4
![Page 14: During this lesson, you will explain: -The pattern atomic number, mass -Atomic radius -Ionization energy -Electron affinity Across a period and Down a.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfc11a28abf838ca41b3/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Ionization Energy, continued
Section 3 Trends in the Periodic TableChapter 4
![Page 15: During this lesson, you will explain: -The pattern atomic number, mass -Atomic radius -Ionization energy -Electron affinity Across a period and Down a.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfc11a28abf838ca41b3/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Ion • Atom gain or lose electrons to become an ion.
• Atoms that lose electrons become + charged ions. Ii is called CATION.
• Atoms that gain electrons become - charged ions. It is called ANION.
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Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Periodic Trends of Radii
Section 3 Trends in the Periodic TableChapter 4
![Page 17: During this lesson, you will explain: -The pattern atomic number, mass -Atomic radius -Ionization energy -Electron affinity Across a period and Down a.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/5697bfc11a28abf838ca41b3/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Check your understanding (Quiz)
The lowest energy state of an atom is called _________.
a. Excited stateb. Ground statec. Independent stated. Configurational state
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Check your understanding (Quiz)
Use your PT to determine which of the following elements has the largest atomic number
a. Nab. Kc. Lid. Rb
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Check your understanding (Quiz)
Use your PT to determine which of the following elements has the largest atomic radius
a. Cb. Nc. Od. F
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Check your understanding (Quiz)
Use your PT to determine which of the following elements has the largest ionization energy
a. Ib. Fc. Cld. Br
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Check your understanding (Quiz)
Use your PT to determine which of the following elements has the largest electron affinity
a. Pb. Sic. Cld. S
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Check your understanding (Quiz)