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Vocabulary Review

Biochemistry Quiz II

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Monosaccharide

• A simple sugar; one sugar molecule

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Carbon

• Carbon has 4 valance electrons so it can form four covalent bonds.

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Lactose

• Disaccharide found in milk

• Glucose + galactose

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Fructose

• Very sweet monosaccharide that is found in friuts

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Isomer

• Molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural formulas.

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Galactose

• Monosaccharide found in milk

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Starch

• Polysaccharide produced by plants to store energy.

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Hydrolysis

• The process used to break large biomolecules (polymers) apart.

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Cellulose

• Polysaccharide produced by plants that is used to build its cell wall.

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Monomers

• Monomers are the small molecules that are used to construct larger molecules (polymers).

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Disaccharide

• Two simple sugars (monosaccharides) are joined together to form a Disaccharide.

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Sucrose

• Disaccharide found in sugarcane.

• Glucose + fructose

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Glucose

• Monosaccharide used by animals to make energy in a process called cellular respiration.

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Glycogen

• Glycogen is a polysaccharide produced in animals to store energy.

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Dehydration Synthesis

• Dehydration synthesis is the process where water is removed to join two monomers together.