DUAL, BINARY & RECOILING BLACK HOLES IN GAS-RICH GALAXY … · 2010-06-28 · BLACK HOLES ON THE...

MONICA COLPIDepartment of Physics G. Occhialini, University of Milano Bicocca, Italy

ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI 9- BLACK HOLES & REVELATIONSFerrara, 26 Maggio 2010

DUAL, BINARY & RECOILING BLACK HOLES

IN GAS-RICH GALAXY MERGERS

COLLABORATORS: CALLEGARI (Zurich), DOTTI (Munich), HAARDT (Como), KAZANTZIDIS (Ohio), MAYER (Zurich), PEREGO (Basel), VOLONTERI (Michigan)

Monday, June 28, 2010

ON THE ASTROPHYSICS OF BLACK HOLES

ON THE COSMIC ASSEMBLY OF GALAXIES

STANDARD SIRENSLUMINOSITY DISTANCE - REDSHIFT

RELATION

MONICA COLPIDepartment of Physics G. Occhialini, University of Milano Bicocca, Italy

ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI 9- BLACK HOLES & REVELATIONSFerrara, 26 Maggio 2010

DUAL, BINARY & RECOILING BLACK HOLES

IN GAS-RICH GALAXY MERGERS

COLLABORATORS: CALLEGARI (Zurich), DOTTI (Munich), HAARDT (Como), KAZANTZIDIS (Ohio), MAYER (Zurich), PEREGO (Basel), VOLONTERI (Michigan)


HUBBLE TIME

0. 1 HUBBLE TIME

log!

a

aGW

"

log!

t

tH

"

BINARY

THREE DYNAMICAL PHASES - THREE AGN PHASES

GW DOMAIN PAIRING

STALLING ?

BEGELMAN,BLANDFORD & REES 1980,MERRITT & MILOSAVLIEVICH 2005-8 (review)

COLPI & DOTTI 2009 (review)

kpcpcsub-pc

DUAL kpc AGN

pc/sub-pcAGN

RECOILINGRUN-AWAY

AGN

RAPID HARDENING?


CAN WE CORRELATE THE AGN SWITCH

DYNAMICAL STATEPHYSICS OF THE INSPIRALGAS-RICH ENVIRONMENT

?




?

MAJOR MERGERS




?

MINOR MERGERS

MAJOR MERGERS


MINOR MERGERS: LOWER MASS GALAXIES ARE RESCALED REPLICA OF THE MILKY WAY MODEL

DYNAMIC RANGE100 kpc to 2 pc

TRANSITION FROMPAIRING to BINARY PHASE

Mhalo ! 1012 M!

Mdisc ! 4" 1010 M!

Mstellar bulge ! 8" 109 M!

MBH ! 3" 106 M!

MAYER et al. 2007GASOLINE N-BODY/SPH CODE (Wadsley et al. 2004)

MAJOR MERGERS

MILKY WAY LIKE GALAXIES


60 kpc

120 kpc

8 kpc

n = 103-104 cm -3

FORMATION OF TWO NUCLEAR DISCS

AROUND THE BLACK HOLES

108 M❍

BAR DRIVEN INSTABILITY


ACCRETION

RBHL(t) ! GMBH(t)c2sound(t) + V 2

rel(t)

SUB-GRID PHYSICS DIRECTLY FROM THE SIMULATION

Mdisc = 3!"!c2sound

"

Jgas

Mgas

MBHL ! 4!G2M2

BH(t)"gas(t)[c2

sound(t) + V 2rel(t)]3/2


MBondi

Mvis;no feedback

Mvis; ! = 0.05

0.001

0.01

0.1

1

10

M[M

!yr

"1]

M[M

!yr

"1]

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3

t [Gyr]t [Gyr]

MEdd

Mc

Mvis; ! = 0.05

Mvis; ! = 0.150.001

0.01

0.1

1

10

M[M

!yr

"1]

M[M

!yr

"1]

AGN PEAK OF ACTIVITY @ PERIGALACTIC CENTERS

MAJOR MERGER by DEBHUR et al. 2010


60 kpc

120 kpc

8 kpc

n = 103-104 cm -3

FORMATION OF TWO NUCLEAR DISCS

AROUND THE BLACK HOLES

108 M❍

BAR DRIVEN INSTABILITY


CHAPON, TEYSSIER & MAYER in prep

SCENARIO CONFIRMED BY NEW AMR SIMULATIONS

BLACK HOLE RELATIVE SEPARATION

TIME (Gyr)

FORMATION OF A MASSIVE NUCLEAR DISC OF A BILLION SOLAR MASSES

THIS WILL BE CONDUCIVE TO THE BIRTH OF ANECCENTRIC BLACK HOLE BINARY

on 1-10 pc-scales


SELF-GRAVITATING GAS-DISC ROTATING COUNTERCLOCKWISE

ACCRETION DISC

BLACK HOLE GRAVITATIONAL SPHERE

OF INFLUENCE TRACE THE ANGULAR

MOMENTUM CONTENT OF THE ACCRETING FLUID

ELEMENTS

IN FALSE SCALE DOTTI et al.

2007,2009,2010

M

JGAS(RBHL)

TRACING BLACK HOLE MASS & SPIN EVOLUTION

IN CIRCUMNUCLEAR DISCS

RBHL(t) ! GMBH(t)c2sound(t) + V 2

rel(t)

Mgas Jgas


• AGN ACTIVITY CORRELATES WITH DYNAMICS

• BOTH BLACK HOLES SWITCH ON AFTER CIRCULARIZATION OF THE ORBIT on pc-SCALES

• SPIN ALIGNMENT - LOW RECOIL

BLACK HOLE DYNAMICSIN GASEOUS NUCLEAR DISCS

ECCENTRIC BINARY

CIRCULAR BINARY

MBHL ! 4!G2M2

BH(t)"gas(t)[c2



GENERAL RELATIVITY ESTABLISHES A LINK BETWEEN THESPINS PRIOR TO COALESCENCE & MAGNITUDE OF THE RECOIL

LOWEST KICK

LARGEST KICK

GRAVITATIONAL RECOIL

CAMPANELLI et al. 2007, SHNITTMANN et al. 2006, BACKER et al. 2008, LOUSTO et al 2009, REZZOLLA et al 2008

100 km/s1000 km/s

4000 km/s


BINARY HARDENING IN GASEOUS DISCS ON MILLI-PARSEC SCALES?

GAP OPENING

FORMATION OF A CIRCUM-BINARY DISC

ARMITAGE & NATARAJAN 2002IVANOV et al. 200?

LIU 2004CUADRA et al. 2009

HAYASAKY et al. 2008,9LODATO et al. 2009

EQUILIBRIUM BETWEEN GRAVITATIONAL TORQUES

FROM THE BINARY AND VISCOUS TORQUES IN THE DISC

BLACK HOLEMIGRATION

PLANET MIGRATION


BINARY HARDENING IN GASEOUS DISCS ON MILLI-PARSEC SCALES?

GAP OPENING

FORMATION OF A CIRCUM-BINARY DISC

ARMITAGE & NATARAJAN 2002IVANOV et al. 200?

LIU 2004CUADRA et al. 2009

HAYASAKY et al. 2008,9LODATO et al. 2009

EQUILIBRIUM BETWEEN GRAVITATIONAL TORQUES

FROM THE BINARY AND VISCOUS TORQUES IN THE DISC

BLACK HOLEMIGRATION

SPECTROSCOPIC DOPPLER-SHIFTS IN THE EMISSION LINE SYSTEMS ASSOCIATED TO KEPLERIAN MOTION

see..... MOUNTUORI’s POSTER! SDSSJ092712.65

PLANET MIGRATION


HARING & RIX

MINOR (UNEQUAL MASS) MERGERS OF DISC GALAXIES

CALLEGARI et al. 2010

DYNAMIC RANGE FROM 50 kpc to 20 pcPAIRING PHASE

SIMULATIONS OF DISC GALAXIES RESCALED REPLICA OF THE MILKY WAY

1:10 @ redshift 3

GAS FRACTION VARYING FROM 0-50%

MBH !MBULGE

Mdisc = 0.04Mdark Mbulge = 0.008MdarkMdark = 1011M!

MBH = 6! 104!5M"


ACCRETION FOLLOWING THE CIRCULARIZATION OF THE

BLACK HOLE ORBIT

MBHL ! 4!G2M2

BH(t)"gas(t)[c2


FACE ON VIEW OFGASEOUS DISC

OF THE PRIMARY GALAXY


EVIDENCE TIDAL PERTURBATIONS

CAN EXCITE AGN ACTIVITY IN MINOR MERGERS

ACTIVITY DEPENDS ONGEOMETRY OF THE ENCOUNTER

& AMOUNT OF GAS

WHETHER A KEPLERIAN BINARY FORMS IS STILL UNDER OF CONCERN




?

YES

MAJOR MERGERS: kpc & pc-AGN in ULIRGs, in OBSCURED-AGN

MINOR MERGERS: OFF-SET SECONDARY AGN IN SPIRALS

RECOILING/X-SHAPED RADIO GALAXIESIN GAS POOR ENVIRONMENTS.....MERGERS AMONG ELLIPTICALS


LISA-ITALY MEETING

29 November - 1 December 2010

MILANO

AGN & GRAVITATIONAL WAVES


COLOR CODED DENSITY MAP OF THE STARS IN THE DISC

EPISODECONCENTRATED STAR FORMATION DUE TO

INFLOWS BY DISSIPATIVE TIDAL SHOCKS

BLACK HOLE SEPARATION (kpc) versus TIME (Gyr)

GAS-RICH (WET) COPLANAR PROGRADE MERGER

1:10


COLOR CODED DENSITY MAP OF THE GAS

IN RESPONSE TO STAR FORMATION & SUPERNOVA FEEDBACK THE GASEOUS DISC DEVELOPS A CLUMPY IRREGULAR

MULTI-PHASE STRUCTURE AND LARGE TURBULENT VELOCITIES(NO BAR-INSTABILITIES)



1:10




1:10

RAM PRESSURE STRIPPING BY THE GAS OF THE PRIMARYEXPELS THE GAS PRESENT IN THE DISC OF THE SATELLITE

THE SATELLITE IS NOW A CUSPY GAS-POOR OBJECTWITH A CENTRAL BLACK HOLE


GROWING THE BLACK HOLES

ACCRETIONIN THE

GAS-RICHDISC OF THE

PRIMARY

STAR FORMATION

EPISODE

RAMPRESSURE STRIPPING


CHANGING THE GAS-FRACTION INTHE SATELLITE DISC

ASSOCIATED TO THESTAR BURST

DEEPER SINKING OF THE

SATELLITE IN THE DISC OFTHE PRIMARY

PROBING HIGHERDENSITIES


CHANGING THE GEOMETRYOF THE ENCOUNTER

NO GROWTHNO AGN ACTIVITY


MASSIMO DOTTI (MPI, Garching)ALBINO PEREGO (Basel)MARTA VOLONTERI (Michigan)SIMONE CALLEGARI (Zurich)STELIOS KAZANTZIDIS (Chicago)LUCIO MAYER (Zurich)CARMEN MONTUORI (Milano-Como)

THANKS


ON THE ASTROPHYSICS OF BLACK HOLES

ON THE COSMIC ASSEMBLY OF GALAXIES

STANDARD SIRENSLUMINOSITY DISTANCE - REDSHIFT

RELATION

MASSIMO DOTTI (MPI, Garching)ALBINO PEREGO (Basel)MARTA VOLONTERI (Michigan)SIMONE CALLEGARI (Zurich)STELIOS KAZANTZIDIS (Chicago)LUCIO MAYER (Zurich)CARMEN MONTUORI (Milano-Como)

THANKS


SUB-PARSEC BINARY AGN CANDIDATES

SPECTROSCOPIC DOPPLER-SHIFTS IN BOTH THE EMISSION LINE SYSTEMS ASSOCIATED TO KEPLERIAN MOTION

see..... MOUNTUORI’s POSTER!

Adelmman & McCarthy 2007Komossa, Zhou, Lu 2008

Bogdanovic, Eracleous, Sigurdsson 2009a,b Dotti et al. 2009

Heckman et al. 2009 Decarli, Reynolds, Dotti 2009

Vo!!set ! 2650 km s!1

b-BROAD LINES FROM THE ACCRETION DISC/CLOUDS AROUND THE SECONDARY

b-NARROW LINES FROM THE INNER RIM OF THE OUTER DISCTHE PRIMARY IS STARVING

MBH,T ! 109 M!

Porb ! 200 yr

SDSSJ092712.65+294344.0

WAVELENGTH

b-BROADb-NARROW

r-NARROW(rest frame of the galaxy)


RECOILING AGN CANDIDATES

ORBITAL CONFIGURATION RESULTING IN THE

LARGEST GW RECOIL VELOCITIES

BINARY HYPOTHESIS IS PREFERRED BEINGONE HUNDRED TIMES MORE PROBABLE THAN

THE EJECTION HYPOTHESISKOMOSSA et al. 2008

LOEB 2008DOTTI et al. 2010

BOGDANOVICH et al. 2009

SDSSJ092712.65+294344.0


GRAVITATIONAL RECOIL VELOCITIESBLACK LINE

completely aligned configuration

GREEN LINEspin isotropically

distributed

MONTE CARLOGENERATED SAMPLE OF BHs with

DIFFERENT “a” and ANGLES


DUAL, BINARY & RECOILING BLACK HOLES IN GAS-RICH GALAXY … · 2010-06-28 · BLACK HOLES ON THE...

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