DSS 311 Practical Class

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Computer Application to PopulationComputer Application to Population

Studies Practical ClassStudies Practical ClassBY

ABATAN S. MATTHEWDEMOGAPHY AND SOC!A"

#EDEA" $N!%ES!TY OYE&E'!T!



Definition of PopulationDefinition of Population

ConceptsConcepts What is Demography and Population

Study(

T)e ori*in o+ t)e ,ord -demo*rap)/ 0demo 1people2 and -*rap)ein/ 1 to ,rite3 su**ests t)e*eneral nature and scope o+ t)e su45ect matter6

t)at is2 demo*rap) is concerned ,it) t)edescription2 analsis and understandin* o+ t)epopulation p)enomena. !t in7ol7es mat)ematicaland statistical description o+ )uman population. !tcan also 4e descri4ed as t)e scienti+ic stud o+)uman population2 includin* its si8e2 distri4ution2composition2 and t)e +actors t)at determine it2



ScopeScope of Studyof Study

Demo*rap) +ocuses 0scope3 on +i7e

aspects o+ )uman population90:3 si8e2

0<3 0<3 composition2

0=3 0=3 population dnamics2 and

0>3 0>3 socio&economic determinants andconse?uences o+ population c)an*e.



ContnContn Population size is simpl t)e num4er o+

persons in a *i7en area at a *i7en time.Population distribution re+ers to t)e ,a

t)e population is dispersed in *eo*rap)ic

space at a *i7en time. Populationcomposition re+ers to t)e num4ers o+

person in se@2 a*e and ot)er -demo*rap)ic/

cate*ories. Population dynamics re+ers tot)e role o+ 4irt)s2 deat)s and mi*ration in

population c)an*e 0Pt; 1 Pt: B&D M3.



Population, Census and SamplePopulation, Census and Sample

SurveySurvey T)is is *roup o+ o45ects or or*anisms o+ t)e same ind. !n demo*rap)ic

sense2 it re+ers to t)e -in)a4itants/ o+ a *i7en area at a *i7en time2 ,)erein)a4itants could 4e de+ined eit)er on t)e de +acto or de 5ure 4asis. !n

statistical sense2 t)e term -population/ re+ers to t)e entire set o+ persons0or p)enomenon3 o+ interest in a particular stud.

Census

T)is is t)e main source o+ demo*rap)ic statistics in man countries. !t isusuall de+ined as t)e total process o+ collectin*2 compilin* and pu4lis)in*emo*rap ic2 economic an socia ata pertainin* at a speci ie time or

times to all persons in a countr or ,ell&delineated area. Sample

T)is re+ers to a su4set o+ a population 0in statistical sense3 +or ,)ic) data aretpicall collected in a -sur7e/ ,)ic) is a ,a o+ pro7idin* respondents,it) ?uestions to 4e ans,ered 0t)rou*) personal inter7ie,s2 telep)one

inter7ie,s2 mail&outmail&4ac ?uestionnaires3. !t is t)e second mostimportant source o+ demo*rap)ic statistics in A+rica.



SPSS 0Statistical Paca*e +or t)eSPSS 0Statistical Paca*e +or t)e

Social Sciences3Social Sciences3 SPSS is a statistical analsis and data

mana*ement so+t,are paca*e. SPSS cantae data +rom almost an tpe o+ +ile and

use t)em to enerate ta4ulated re orts2

c)arts2 and plots o+ distri4utions andtrends2 descripti7e statistics2 and conduct

comple@ statistical analses.



Tutorial 1: SPSS WindosTutorial 1: SPSS Windos

T)ere are si@ di++erent ,indo,s t)at can 4e openedT)ere are si@ di++erent ,indo,s t)at can 4e opened

,)en usin* SPSS. T)e +ollo,in* ,ill *i7e,)en usin* SPSS. T)e +ollo,in* ,ill *i7e

a description o+ eac) o+ t)em.a description o+ eac) o+ t)em.

T)e Data Editor

T)e %aria4le %ie,

e u pu a7 *a orT)e Pi7ot Ta4le Editor

T)e C)art Editor

T)e Te@t Output EditorT)e Snta@ Editor



T)e Data EditorT)e Data EditorT)e Data Editor is a spreads)eet in ,)ic) ou de+ine our7aria4les and enter data. Eac) ro,corresponds to a case ,)ile eac) column represents a7aria4le. T)e title 4ar displas t)ename o+ t)e open data +ile or $ntitled i+ t)e +ile )as notet 4een sa7ed. T)is ,indo, opens automaticall ,)enSPSS is started.



T)e Output Na7i*atorT)e Output Na7i*ator

T)e Output Na7i*ator ,indo, displas t)e

statistical results2 ta4les2 and c)arts +rom t)eanalsis ou per+ormed. An Output

Na7i*ator ,indo, opens automaticall ,)en

ou run aprocedure t)at *enerates output. !n t)e

Output Na7i*ator ,indo,s2 ou can edit2

mo7e2delete and cop our results in a Microso+t

E@plorer&lie en7ironment.



T)e Output Na7i*atorT)e Output Na7i*ator



!ariable !ie!ariable !ie

The ma"or or# is done in this variable vie$n this indo u can define ur data name, specified

the type of data, label and coding variables



Creating a %e Data SetCreating a %e Data Set

ST&P 1: Defining !ariables in a %e Data Set

%aria4les are de+ined one at a time usin* t)e%aria4le 7ie, dialo* 4o@. T)is 4o@ assi*ns datade+inition in+ormation to 7aria4les. To access t)eDe+ine %aria4le dialo* 4o@2

T)ere are < ,as to do t)is9 Clic on t)e 4ottom o+ ,indo, ta**ed 7aria4le

7ie, or

Dou4le&clic top o+ column ,)ere t)e ,ord 7arFappears or

select De+ine %aria4le +rom t)e menu



%aria4le Name9%aria4le Name9T)is +ield descri4es t)e name o+ t)e 7aria4le

4ein* de+ined. To c)an*e t)e name2 place t)ecursor in t)is +ield and tpe t)e name. T)e

7aria4le name must 4e in ,it) a letter o+ t)e

alp)a4et and cannot e@ceed c)aracters.Spaces are not allo,ed ,it)in t)e 7aria4le name.

Eac) 7aria4le name must 4e uni?ue.



TpeTpe

T)is +ield descri4es t)e tpe o+ 7aria4le t)at is

4ein* de+ined.

To c)an*e t)is +ield2 clic on t)e Tpe 4utton.T)is ,ill open t)e De+ine %aria4le

T e9 dialo 4o@. Select t)e a ro riate t e o+

data.



%aria4le "a4el9%aria4le "a4el9T)ere are t,o tpes o+ 7aria4le la4els9

:. %aria4le "a4el9 A name +or t)e 7aria4let)at can 4e up to :;I c)aracters

names cannot3. !+ a 7aria4le

la4el is entered2 t)e la4el ,ill 4e printed on

c)arts and reports instead o+ t)e name2 main* t)em easier to

understand



%alue "a4el9%alue "a4el9Pro7ides a e +or translatin* numeric data.

To c)an*e t)e 7aria4le la4el2 clic on t)e"a4els 4utton. T)is ,ill open t)e

.

appropriate in+ormation into t)e +ields.

W)en done2 clic on t)e Continue 4utton.



Sample o+ %alue "a4elSample o+ %alue "a4el



ST&P ': &ntering Data in aST&P ': &ntering Data in a

%e Data Set%e Data SetOnce all o+ t)e 7aria4les are de+ined2 enter t)e data

manuall 0assumin* t)at t)e data is not

alread in an e@ternal +ile3. T)e data is tped intot)e spreads)eet one cell at a time. Eac)

cell re resents an o4ser7ation.

W)en in+ormation is tped into a cell2 it appears int)e edit area at t)e top o+ t)e ,indo,. T)e

in+ormation is entered into t)e cell ,)en t)e acti7e

cell is c)an*ed. T)e mouse and t)e ta42enter2 and cursor es can 4e used to enter data.



ST&P (: Saving a %e Data SetST&P (: Saving a %e Data Set

Wor per+ormed on a data set onl lasts durin* t)ecurrent session. To retain t)e current data set2 it

must 4e sa7ed to a +ile.:. Select Sa7e +rom t)e #ile menu. T)e Sa7e Data As

dialo* 4o@ opens. . & 20J.sa73.

<. #rom t)e Sa7e in drop&do,n list2 select t)e pat),)ere t)e +ile ,ill 4e sa7ed.

=. !n t)e #ile name 4o@2 enter a name +or t)e +ile.SPSS automaticall adds t)e e@tension .sa7.>. Clic Sa7e.



e+erencee+erence SPSS $nstruction )anual, $ni7ersit

o+ Waterloo2Department o+ Statistics andActuarial Science Septem4er :2 0:KK3

!nteracti7e Data Anal sis 4 Dr A i4o e

S.A 0#$TA2 ;I:<3

Disco7erin* Statistics T)rou*) SPSS 4

And

DSS 311 Practical Class

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