Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV

DSM- IV TR

(Text Revision)

DSM is a categorical classification system.

It provides a diagnostic criteria for mental disorders

•DSM is concerned with the symptoms of mental disorders

It used by clinicians, researchers and pharmaceutical

and insurance companies.

HISTORY

DSM was created for the ennd to collect statistical information.

It was first published in 1952 with 130 pages and listed 106

mental dosorders.

•DSM IV was published in 1994 with

a text revision in 2000.

…Today DSM IV TR has 886

pages with 297 disorders listed…

CREATION DSM is created by a three step process.

1. Extensive literature reviews of diagnosis

2. Data analysis on research statistics

3. Field trials

 

“ the clinical significance criterion ”

A symptom should cause a clinically significant distress or impairment in functioning of the individual.

 

DSM IV TR (text revision)

is an update of text sections and codes to maintain consisitency with the ICD

USES

DSM IV is used by clinicians to establish a diagnosis or to categorize patients

•DSM IV is used by researchers in mental health researchers thru statistics

DSM IV is also used in formulating policies , terms and regulations of pharmaceutical and insurance companies

MULTI AXIAL SYSTEMS

AXIS I Clinical disorders including major disorders as well as developmental and learning disorders.

AXIS IIunderlying pervasive or personality conditions as well as mental retardations.

AXIS IIIAcute medical conditions and physical disorders

AXIS IVPsychological and environmental factors contributing to the disorder.

AXIS VGlobal Assessment of Functioning or Children’s Global Assessment scale for children and teens under the age 18.

CATEGORIZATION

Categories are prototypesPatients with close approximation to the prototypes is said to have the disorder.

Qualifyers like mild, moderate, and severe are used

Symptoms must cause significant distress on the functioning of the individual

SOURCEBOOKS

DSM IV has four volumes of sourcebooks it does not specifically citeSources are from literature reviews, data analysis and field trials

CRITICISMS

1. On its validity and construct reliability

2. On symptomatological basis

3. On reductionist bias