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Drylands Development (DRYDEV) Program

A Farmer-led Programme to Enhance Water Management, Food Security, and Rural Economic Development in the Drylands of Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger,

Ethiopia, and Kenya

2016 ANNUAL NARRATIVE REPORT Mali

Period: January 2016-December 2016

Start of Project: 2013 End of Project: 2018

Project number 25548 dated August 27, 2013

April, 2017

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TABLE OF CONTENT

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .......................................................................................................................... 3

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY -1pg ..................................................................................................................... 4

1. INTRODUCTION- 1pg .................................................................................................................... 7

2. PROGRESS TOWARDS SUB-OUTCOMES ......................................................................................... 7

3. ASSESSMENT OF PROGRESSTOWARDS OUTPUTS ......................................................................... 10

3.1. OUTPUT TRACKING (EXCEL SHEET) .............................................................................................. 10

3.2. WHAT ACTIVITIES WERE UNDERTAKEN AND WHAT OUTPUTS WERE REALIZED 10 PG. ................... 10

3.2.1. WORK PACKAGE 1 SUB CATCHMENT LEVEL NRM ......................................................................... 10

3.2.2. WORK PACKAGE 2: ON-FARM WATER & SOIL MANAGEMENT....................................................... 17

3.2.3. WORK PACKAGE 3: AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY PRODUCTION ................................................... 24

3.2.4. WORK PACKAGE 4: ACCES AU MARCHE ....................................................................................... 29

3.2.5. WORK PACKAGE 5: ACCES AUX SERVICES FINANCIERS.................................................................. 35

3.2.6. WORK PACKAGE 6 LOCAL GOVERNANCE & INSTITUTIONAL STRENGTHENING ............................... 40

3.2.7. WORK PACKAGE 7 PLANNING, M&E, AND SCALING OF LEARNING ................................................ 46

3.2.8. WORK PACKAGE 8 POLICY ANALYSIS & INFLUENCING .................................................................. 49

4. KEY CHALLENGES AND CONSTRAINTS -1/2PG .............................................................................. 50

4.1. LIST DOWN ANY KEY CONSTRAINTS THAT YOU FACED IN THIS REPORTING PERIOD; WHAT YOU DID DO TO OVERCOME THEM .......................................................................................................... 50

4.2. LIST KEY OPPORTUNITIES YOU DISCOVERED AND HOW THE PROGRAM CAN CAPITALIZE ON THEM 50

5. LESSONS LEARNED ..................................................................................................................... 51

5.1. LIST DOWN ANY LESSON YOU HAVE LEARNED DURING THIS REPORTING PERIOD. ......................... 51

5.2. DESCRIPTION OF SITUATIONS TO DEMONSTRATE HOW YOU APPLIED THE FOLLOWING ................ 52

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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

AG Assemblée Générale (General Assembly) AEDD Agence pour l’Environnement et du Développement Durable (Agency for Environment

and Sustainable Development) AMEDD Association Malienne d’Eveil au Développement Durable (Malian Association for

Awareness on Sustainable Development) AMEPPE Association Malienne pour l’Education du Public et la Protection de l’Environnement

(Malian Association for Education of the Public and the Protection of the Environnement )

APS Avant-Projet Sommaire (Project Preliminary Design) AUSCOOP Acte Unifié des Sociétés Coopératives (Unified Law on Cooperative Society) CAP Community Action Plan CES Conservation des Eaux et des Sols (Water and Soils Conservations) CCOCSAD Commission Communale d’Orientation, de Coordination et de suivi des Actions de

Développement ( Local Committee for the Coordination of Development Actions at commune level)

CLOCSAD Commission Local d’Orientation, de Coordination et de Suivi des Actions de Développement (Local Committee for the Coordination of Development Actions at district level)

DIP Detailed Implementation Plan DGIS Directorate General for International Cooperation of the Netherland DNA Direction Nationale de l’Agriculture (National Directorate of Agriculture) DNH Direction Nationale de l’Hyrdraulique (National Directorate of Hydraulic) DNEF Direction Nationale des Eaux et Forets (National Directorate of Water and Forests) DRS Defense et Restauration des Sols (Defence and Restauration of Soils) DRYDEV Drylands Development Programme EPC Epargne Pour le Changement (Saving for Change) GIRE Gestion Integrée des Ressources en Eau (Integrated Water Resources Management) ha Hectare ICRAF World Agroforestry Research Centre IER Institut d’Economie Rurale (Rural Economic Institute) IMF Institution de Micro Finance (Micro Finance Institution) ONG Organisation Non Gouvernementale (Non-Governmental Organisation) OMO Organisation de Mise en Œuvre (Implementing Partner) RMCR Réseau de Micro Credit Rural (Network of Rural Micro Credit Institution) FMNR Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration RP SéFA Réseau de Plaidoyer sur la Sécurisation Foncière Agricole (Advocacy Network for the

Security of Farm Land Tenure) SB Sous Bassin (Sub-Catchments) UPA Unité de Production Agricole (Agricultural Production Unit)

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY1pg The year 2016 represents for DRYDEV Mali the first full year devoted to the implementation of activities in the field. The following key progress have been made in 2016. Work package 1: Sub catchment-level Natural Resource Management

Ten (10) integrated water resources management actions plans (IWRM) have been elaborated and adopted in the 10 sub-catchments. Three of the ten IWRM plans have been officially approved by the municipalities concerned.

Ten (10) committees have been established in the ten sub-catchment with the responsibility to spearhead the implementation and monitoring of the integrated water resources management plans developed by the communities.

A total of 146 people including (19 women) have been trained on the IWRM concept and the development of a plan to follow up the activities.

A total of 266 members of the IWRM committees, of which 42 were women, received training on their roles and responsibilities and the requirements for the sustainable functioning of these structures,

Twenty-four (24) members of the IWRM committees, of which 4 were women, are skilled about conflicts management process following training given by DRYDEV,

A total of 1 691 producers (of which 837 were women) have been trained on the forestry code of Mali which regulates the management and exploitation of forest resources in Mali.

Six (6) prospecting studies have been carried out for possible sites for the construction of water buffering structures in the sub-catchment of Kondala.

Three (3) technical feasibility studies for the construction water buffering structures in the villages of Minso, Kanian and Kanséné have been carried out. The 3 preliminary drafts plans for the development of these structures are available.

Two (2) studies for the construction of new water storage infrastructures at Kiffosso 1 and Koumbia have been carried out. The report is available.

Five (5) studies have been carried out for the maintenance and rehabilitation of five (5) ponds in the sub-catchments of Koumbia, Menamba and Kiffosso. The reports are available.

One study has been carried out for the maintenance and rehabilitation one (1) reservoir / water dam for the benefits of the villages of Ménamba, Barèna, Bagadina and Kiffosso. The report is available.

One environmental and social impact study has been carried out in the sub-catchments of Menanba, kiffosso and koumbia

Four (4) drinking water points have been rehabilitated in the villages of Faléma, Sonsorobougou, Perakuy, Bokuy, in the sub-catchments of Cinzana, and Mandiakuy. These water points are benefiting 1 579 people including 1 463 women of these four villages for drinking water and also animal watering,

Thirty (30) kilometers of livestock passage corridors have been marked in the sub-catchments of Koumbia, Menamba and Kiffosso for the benefits of 2551 producers.

A total of 245 hectares are under pastoral improved practices of which 95 hectares of livestock grazing area have been enriched by the addition of 10,000 cuttings of Panicum minimum C1.

In 2016 a total of 5 719 farmers including 1 934 women were reached by activities under workpackage1.

Work package 2: On-farm Water & Soil Management A total of 1882 farmers attended capacity building activities on rain water harvesting techniques

including (zai pits, stone lines, Earth bunds, Counter line). Out of this a total of 833 are applying these techniques on 1 133 hectares,

A total of 3 084 farmers have been trained on agroforestry and famer managed natural regeneration (FMNR) techniques. FMNR technique is applied by 814 farmers on a total farmland of 2559. Agroforestry (tree planting on farm) is applied by 1251 farmers on 414 hectares.

A total of 3 833 farmers have been trained in rapid compost production out of which 1 570 farmers have applied this technique to fertilize 2 230 hectares of their farmlands.

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A total of 526 farmers attended capacity building on small scale irrigation technique for gardening activities. A total of 875 farmers including the 526 who were trained are exploiting 9 hectares of gardening perimeters established by the support of DRYDEV and others existing perimeters.

A total of 3 833 farmers including (1 291 women) were reached by activities under work package 2 in 2016.

Work package 3: Agricultural Commodity Production

Following the training of 1 141 producers on climate smart farming practices (millet / sorghum association with legumes (beans for example), use of short-cycle seeds and adapted to the environment, use of weather information/rainfall to plan their agriculture calendar), a total of 773 producers have adopted these techniques, on a total farm land areas of 3 926ha.

A total of 115 lead farmers attended two events organised by DRYDEV to promote farmer led extension systems. These lead farmers are supporting additional 1 707 farmers to replicate the different techniques promoted by DRYDEV (rain water harvesting, conservation and fertilisation of soil, agroforestry and FMNR, climate smart farming practices).

Meetings have been organised in all the 10 sub-catchments to link producers to 41 inputs suppliers in order to facilitate access to inputs. Following these meetings and facilitation efforts carried out by DRYDEV team, a total of 380 producers had access to 71 tons of fertilizers provided by 7 input suppliers. This fertilizer was used to fertilize 2 294 hectares of farmland.

A total of 1 707 farmers including 521women were reached with improved technology under WP3, in 2016.

Work package 4: Enhancing Market Access Sixteen (16) value chains products have been identified in the ten sub-catchment (millet,

livestock/animal fattening, agroforestry, non-timber forest products processing, agro processing, shallot, fish breeding, corn, sesame, chilli, soybeans, niebe, sorghum, shea butter, fonio, and seed production).

8 317 producers/farmers (4 690 women) have been structured in29 platforms (Cooperative union) around the different value chains

A total of 848 actors in the different segments of these value chains in the ten sub-catchments benefited business training, advice, and/or mentoring support provided by DRYDEV

A total of 210 producers have been trained in post harvesting and grain conservation techniques. Thirteen (13) business plans have been elaborated for 13 unions of cooperatives in the ten cub-

catchments in the region of Sikasso, Segou and Mopti. A total of 8 of DRYDEV staff attended the market for the poor training conducted in June 2016 in

Ouagadougou. Work package 5: Financial Services Linking

A total of 8317 producers including 4690 women have been organised in 260 saving groups in the 10 sub-catchments. Through the saving for change approach, a total of 20 116 875 FCFA (34 985 USD1) have been mobilised of which 19 931 000 FCFA (34 662 USD) have been distributed as loan among 3 493 members of the savings groups. These loans are used for income generating activities.

Through the linking initiatives with microfinance institutions (MFIs) a total of 344 producers including 173 women got access to credit from MFI amounting to 8, 062,500 CFA (14 659 USD). This amount includes 4 812 000 FCFA (8369USD) for warrantage system promoted by DRYDEV in the villages of Sonsorobougou and Kansene for the following products (14050 kg of millet; 14 400 kg of peanuts and 7 600kg of fonio) and 3 250 000 FCFA (5 652 USD) which is used to support the implementation of 04 business plans developed in 2016 for the value chains cooperatives in the villages of Kominalo, Bokuy, Doundé and Mandoli.

In 2016 a total of 8 317 producers including 4 690 women were reached with the activities under workpackage 5

1Rate of USD used: 1USD =575FCFA

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Work package 6: Local governance & institutional strengthening 07 workshops for institutional and organizational capacity assessment were held with farmers'

organizations participating in the DRYDEV activities in seven sub-catchments. A total of 246 producers including 33 women participated in these workshops.

07 capacity building actions plans have been developed. The capacity building needs identified

include : i) improve knowledge about the legal rule regarding association and cooperative; ii) Leadership within a group; iii) Entrepreneurship; iv) administrative and financial management; v) planning and monitoring of activities; vi) mobilization of internal and external resources; vii) Technical capacity building in relation to the business domain of the groups,

Au total 403 personnes dont 43 femmes ont participé aux activités du WP 6s

DRYDEV facilitated the organisation of three meetings of the Local Committee for the Coordination of Development Actions at commune level and one meeting of the Local Committee for the Coordination of Development Actions at district level) in the three sub-catchments covered by DRYDEV in the district of Yorosso.

Work package 7: Planning, M&E, And Scaling Of Learning

A total of 5 719 farmers who attended the different training session have been identified as ‘scaling stakeholder’ for the uptake of evidence and learning generated under the programme

A total of 1 570 producers including 300 women are actively adopting the uptake of the different techniques promoted by DRYDEV. This represent a percentage of 27% of the farmers who have been trained by DRYDEV in 2016.

Work package 8: Policy Analysis & Influencing

13 personnes dont 1 femme ont participé à l’atelier de préparation de l’argumentaire de positionnement du RP SéFA à la CNOP le 29 mars 2016

62 personnes dont 5 femmes des organes de la presse écrite et des radios, des ONG membres du RP SéFA ont participé à la conférence de presse organisée le 12 avril 2016 pour informer la presse et l’opinion nationale sur le positionnement du réseau sur la loi sur le foncier agricole au Mali.

The pace of activities implementation on the ground is still very slow. The investments for water buffering infrastructures construction are slowly taking place as the various preliminary studies required for their construction are being completed. In order to produce a lasting impact, the activities of the WP4 and WP5 should be integrated with the other activities under the other work packages, which in turn should be scaled up in the different sub-catchments for the benefit of the different communities. The year 2017 is a critical year for the DRYDEV team in Mali to accelerate the implementation of the activities while ensuring their integration and intensification.

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1. INTRODUCTION- 1pg Short introduction to program and implementation arrangements 1/2pg DRYDEV is a five-year initiative (August 2013-July 2018) funded by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MAE) of the Netherlands. The programme is coordinated by the World Agroforestry Centre and ICRAF. The DDRYEV program is designed to provide useful and contextually appropriate support to smallholder farmers in selected drylands areas in Burkina Faso, Kenya, Niger, Ethiopia and Mali. It seeks to contribute significantly to achieving a vision that households residing in these areas have transitioned from subsistence agriculture and emergency food relief to sustainable rural development. The program has defined an intervention approach that seeks to support farmers' options, informed by local realities and responding to their own priorities (option by context). To achieve this objective, it is necessary to establish an optimal balance between farmers' knowledge and the experts' priorities. Identifying and implementing appropriate interventions to bring lasting change to a particular community requires the involvement of local people. Equally important are the principles of bottom-up inclusion and process. In Mali, the DRYDEV program is implemented by SAHEL ECO, AMEPPE, AMEDD and OXFAM AMERICA and currently benefits from the support and guidance of government technical services including: DNEF, AEDD, IER, DNA, and DNH. This report provides an update on the achievements made by the DRYDEV programme in Mali in 2016. It is structured around the progress made during the year, activities implemented, challenges, constraints and lessons learned. 2. PROGRESS TOWARDS SUB-OUTCOMES (Give summary overview of progress towards outcome 1 pg.)

Sub-Outcome Indicator Progress (2015+2016) Sub-Outcome 1: Appropriate landscape/watershed level NRM initiatives undertaken

Proportion of sub-catchments covered by expected ‘foot prints’ of the sub-catchment level NRM initiatives

At the end of 2016 NRM initiatives cover 769 Ha

which represent 6,63 % of the total area targeted (11 600 ha) over the period 2015-2018

Sub-Outcome 2: Improved & climate smart on-farm water & soil management practiced

# of farmers practicing promoted practices on-farm water and soil management practices

1570 producers/farmers have adopted the on-farm water harvesting techniques promoted by DRYYDEV in Mali

Proportion of farmers practicing promoted practices on-farm water and soil management practices

41 % (1570) of the 3833 producers/farmers involved in capacity building event in 2016 on on-farm an soil management are practicing these techniques

# of farmers participating to on-farm water and soil management practices training event

3 833 producers including 1 955 women were involved in in capacity building event related to on-farm water and soil management techniques

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Hectares of land with improved technologies for rainwater collection

1 133 hectares are covered by improved rainwater collection technique

Sub-Outcome 3: Improved & inclusive & climate-smart production options pursued

Number of farmers practicing promoted production practices

773 producers including 300 women are practicing climate-smart agriculture production practices (use of improved seeds, use of weather information to plan the agricultural calendar)

Percentage of producers/farmers practicing the production options promoted by DRYDEV

773 producers representing 45% of the 1707 producers (including 521 women) who participated in capacity building/ training event on the production practices promoted by DRYDEV have applied these techniques.

Number of Producers/farmers participating in a capacity -building event on promoted production options

1707 producers of which 521 women participated in capacity building/training events on climate smart agriculture production technique (use of improved seeds, use of weather information to plan the agricultural calendar), farmer led extension systems and input supply system.

Hectares farmlands covered by the production options promoted by DRYDEV are applied

3 926 hectare covered by climate smart agriculture production techniques

Sub-Outcome 4: Increased participation of male, female and disadvantaged farmers in lucrative value chains

Number of men and women in HH participating in targeted value chains

8 317 producers/farmers (4 690 women) have been structured around the different value chains

Percentage of men and women in HH participating in targeted value chains

151% (3627/2400)of men and 195% (4690/2400) of women active in the different segments of the promising value chains

Sub-Outcome 5: Increased numbers of famers linked to credit & financial services

Number of loans accessed by men & women in HH in last 12 months

3,837 borrowers including 2,185 women benefited loans provided by the microfinance institutions and the saving groups

Value of loans accessed by men & women in HH in last 12 months

8 062 000 FCFA (14021 USD) of funds have been mobilised through the linking initiatives with microfinance institutions (MFIs)

A total amount of 19 931 000 FCFA (34 662 USD mobilised by the savings groups have been lend to 3 493 members of these groups.

Number of male & female HH members provided with business training, advice, and/or mentoring support in last 12 months

848 actors in the different segments of these value chains in the ten sub-catchments benefited business training, advice, and/or mentoring support provided by DRYDEV

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Sub-Outcome 6: Capacity of local duty-bearers and farmer organizations developed and/or ‘duty fulfilment’ pressure applied

Extent to which targeted local duty bearers and institutions have skills, knowledge, resources, and/or motivation to fulfil functions

A total of 146 people including (19 women) have been trained on the IWRM concept and the development of a plan to follow up the activities.

A total of 266 members of the IWRM committees, of which 42 were women, received training on their roles and responsibilities and the requirements for the sustainable functioning of these structures,

Twenty-four (24) members of the IWRM committees, of which 4 were women, are skilled about conflicts management process following training given by DRYDEV

Percentage of key local officials and institutions with a score ≥4 on an index of 5 with increased ability, knowledge, resources and / or motivation to perform these functions

No information yet. The institutional profile tool

will be used to assess this score during the annual survey

Capacity building or advocacy actions undertaken by local FOs / institutions/ meetings etc.

A total of 246 persons representing farmers organisations including 33 women participated seven workshops organised to evaluate the capacity building needs. This led to the elaboration of capacity building actions plans for 07 sub-catchments,

Capacity building needs assessment workshops regrouping the municipal and administrative authorities were organised in all the ten sub-catchments. These workshops were attended by 157 persons including 4 women.

A total of 195 people including 61 women attended the stakeholder mapping workshops.

DRYDEV facilitated the organisation of three meetings of the Local Committee for the Coordination of Development Actions at commune level and one meeting of the Local Committee for the Coordination of Development Actions at district level) in the three sub-catchments covered by DRYDEV in the district of Yorosso. These structures have been set up by the government in the frame of the decentralisation policy. The aim of these frameworks is to allow local stakeholders to coordinate and monitor the development agenda within their municipalities.

Sub-Outcome 7: Key ‘scaling stakeholders’ identified, find evidence/learning credible and relevant, and actively

Number of identified ‘scaling stakeholder’ actively promoting uptake of evidence and learning generated under the programme.

A total of 5 719 farmers who attended the different training session in 2016 have been identified as ‘scaling stakeholder’ for the uptake of evidence and learning generated under the programme

Percentage of identified ‘scaling stakeholder’ actively promoting

A total of 1 570 producers including 300 women are actively adopting the uptake of the different techniques promoted by DRYDEV. This represent a percentage of

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promote its uptake

uptake of evidence and learning generated under the programme.

27% of the farmers who have been trained by DRYDEV in 2016.

Sub-Outcome 8: Awareness raised and attitudes improved among key policy makers/ other stakeholders, resulting in their taking desired action

Number of targeted policy makers and other policy relevant stakeholders meaningfully seeking to bring about targeted policy and institutional reforms

13 persons including 1 women participated to the workshop organised by the agriculture land tenure security network of Mali (RP SéFA) on 29 March 2016 to analyse the new agriculture land law proposed by the government of Mali

62 people, including 5 women from the media, and member NGOs members of RP SéFA participated in a press conference held on 12 April 2016 to share the views and analysis of the network on the Agricultural Land Law being passed by the government of Mali.

3. ASSESSMENT OF PROGRESSTOWARDS OUTPUTS 3.1. OUTPUT TRACKING (EXCEL SHEET) For the major activities undertaken during the reporting period, what outputs have been generated or developed and how many farmers were reached by the intervention

OUTPUTS SHEET_DRYDEV MAL

3.2. WHAT ACTIVITIES WERE UNDERTAKEN AND WHAT OUTPUTS WERE REALIZED 10 PG. (Present per Key activity area; Provide narrative description of the activities providing numbers of people reached, inputs provided and training conducted; Illustrate with pictures, tables and graphs) 3.2.1. WORK PACKAGE 1 SUB CATCHMENT LEVEL NRM Under work package 1 the following activities were carried out in 2016: Activity Area 1.1: Sub catchment action plan development 1.1.1 Facilitate consultation meetings to agree on priorities, strategies and rules for NRM

Seven (7) Workshops were organized in the various sub-catchments to diagnose the status of water resources in the sub-catchments (identify the different natural resources in the sub-catchments, their status at that moment, the existing management initiatives, conflicts around these resources). These workshops were attended by 432 participants (including 143 women) representing the local administration (sub-prefect), technical services (agriculture, livestock, forestry and rural infrastructures development service), village representatives, forest users, farmer’s organizations, municipality officials, the umbrella organization of women (CAFO), and youth Council. The inclusive nature of the IWRM planning process was explained to the participants. The criteria for the designation of the representatives of the different socio economic groups that should participate to the different meetings throughout the IWRM planning process were discussed. The types of persons that should be chosen as member of the of the IWRM committees was also explained to the participant of the first consultation workshop.

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Animation of the IWRM diagnostic workshops with the representatives of the communities

Meetings were further organized in each village to give feedback of the discussions of the diagnostic

workshop. These meeting were attended by a total of 1 399 participants including 369 women. These meetings allowed each community to choose their delegate that will represent the village for the next meetings that were organised for the elaboration of the sub-catchment actions plans.

1.1.2 Facilitate the formulation and approval of ten (10) sub-catchment actions plans (SCAPs)

Ten (10) planning workshops have been organized in 2016 in all the sub-catchments targeted by DRYDEV to facilitate the participatory consultative process and agree on priorities actions for the development of ten (10) integrated water resources management actions plans (IWRM). Following the design of the sub-catchment actions plans, workshops were organized to present the plans to the stakeholders (different socioeconomic categories) in each sub-catchment, to seek theirs feedbacks and validation of the IWRM plan. Out these meetings, the IWRM documents have been adopted by the stakeholders. All these workshops were attended by a total of 2 876 participants including 1165 women representing the different socio economic groups.

Ten Meetings were organized in each municipality with the elected counsellor’s to present the IWRM plans for official endorsement. Three of the ten IWRM plans have been officially approved by the municipalities concerned. The remaining plans will be submitted in 2017 to the municipal council for official approval of the document. It is further planned in the DIP 2017 to support the communes for the formulation of the five-year development plans to insure that priorities in the SCAP, developed by DRYDEV support, are integrated in the five-year plans.

Under this activity area key progress achieved in 2016 includes the development of (10) integrated water resources management actions plans (IWRM) for the 10 sub-catchments targeted by DRYDEV in Mali.

Activity Area 1.2: Local capacity strengthening in sub catchment management. 1.2.1: Establish ten (10) committees for the management / monitoring of the SCAPs

Ten (10) local water committees (LWC) that oversee the implementation of the IWRM plans were established in each sub-catchment. In addition 16 committees have been established at village level to oversee IWRM activities in the sub-catchments of Kifosso, Menamba and Koumbia.

1.2.2: Build the capacity of ten (10) committees for the management and monitoring of SCAPs

Different training sessions were organized to strengthen the capacity of the members of the ten IWRM committees in charge of the implementation of the IWRM actions plans. The themes covered by these training sessions and the number of persons who attended these trainings are presented in the following table.

Themes of the training session Locality/Venue Participants Total Women

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Training on the concept of IWRM, elaboration of IWRM action plan and monitoring of it implementation for the members of the IWRM committees in the 3 sub-catchments in the district of Yorosso.

3 sub-catchments in the district of Yorosso

146 19

Training on the roles and responsibility of the IWRM committees

Bankass, Bandiagara, Yorosso, Mouina, and Fambougou (Cinzana). These training were attended by 266 persons including 42 women, Training on

266 42

Training on conflicts management Mouina 24 4 Information/sensitization on the forestry code of Mali

Mouina (628), Fambougou (482), Kondala (581) 1691 837

Training on the role of forest surveillance/monitoring brigades

sub-catchment of Fambougo (Cinzana), Kondala and Mouina

78 52

1.2.3: Train ten (10) groups of local artisan on construction/maintenance of water harvesting structures

This activities was postponed to 2017 when the water buffering structures construction will begin.

1.2.4 Facilitate the establishment, training and equipment of 83 local forest brigades Training was provided to the members of the IWRM committees in the sub-catchments of Cinzana,

Kondala and Mouina on the role of forest monitoring brigades. The next step which was the establishment of the forest brigades was not carried out. This is planned in the DIP 2017.

Under Local capacity strengthening in sub catchment management key progress achieved in 2016 includes:

Ten (10) committees have been established, A total of 146 members of IWRM committees trained on various topics including their roles and

responsibility in the management and monitoring of the IWRM actions plans,

Activity Area 1.3: Development/maintenance of water buffering 1.3.1 Conduct technical feasibility, engineering designs and environmental and social impacts studies

Before embarking into any water buffering infrastructures construction, it is necessary to gather technical, socio-economic information that justifies and underlies the appropriateness, as well as the sustainability of the investment. In this regards, the DRYDEV programmes conducted the following feasibility studies in 2016 to determine the type of water buffering infrastructures to be constructed.

i. Feasibility study for the construction of 02 dams in the sub-catchments of Kiffosso 1 and Koumbia

ii. Feasibility studies for the management of 05 ponds in the villages of : Menamba 1, Menamba 2, Barèna, Bagadina et Kiffosso,

iii. Feasibility study for the maintenance and rehabilitation of one (1) threshold / water dam in the village of Menamba

iv. Environmental impact study for the management of the 05 ponds in the villages of : Menamba 1, Menamba 2, Barèna, Bagadina et Kiffosso,

v. Feasibility studies for the development of 03 water basins in the villages of Minso, Kanian and Kanséné

vi. Feasibility studies on the development of 03 water basins in the villages of Kogo in the commune of Ségué (district of Bankass), village of Mandoli in the commune of Bara Sara and village of Tintimbolo in the commune of Soroly (district of Bandiagara)

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The reports of eight (8) feasibility studies and the environmental study for the construction of rain water storage infrastructures in the sub-catchments in the Segou and Sikasso regions are completed. The draft report of the preliminary management options for sites in Bankass and Bandiagara districts in the region of Mopti is also available. Base on the technical, socio-economic and environmental impacts analysis carried out, the study confirm the feasibility of the water buffering structures to be constructed in the three regions. Only one site in the sub-catchment of Mandoli in Mopti region is found economically not profitable compared to the cost of the investment required. Based on the results of these studies the team will mobilise the community for the construction of these infrastructures in 2017 with DRYDEV support.

1.3.2 Support the maintenance and rehabilitation of twenty (20) existing water buffer structures Excavation of Ponds in Menamba: In order to increase the water storage capacity in the structure

constructed some years ago by another project in the villages of Menamba 1 and 2, excavation works were carried out. The DRYDEV program hired heavy duty machines to support the communities in this work. The communities provided youths who contributed with their physical labour to the excavation and the settlement of the banks of the structures. The size of the area excavated is as follows: Length 50 meters, width: 25 meters; depth 1 meters; volume of water: 1250 m3. This structures will allow rain water to stay for longer period hence allowing for vegetable production, fish farming and livestock watering during the dry season. A derivation from the main water stream was constructed which will bring water to fill a reservoir that was dig out. This reservoir will served for fish breeding.

Excavation of ponds in the village of Tonaworo and Kouakolounou: Two ponds were excavated in

the villages of Taonworo and Kouakolounou. The size of the area excavated in Taonworo is as follows: Length 65 meters, width: 25 meters; depth 1 meters; volume of water: 1625 m3). The size of the area excavated in Kouakolounou is as follows: Length 55 meters, width: 25 meters; depth 1 meters; volume of water: 1375m3). The excavation works are meant to enhance water storage which will be used use by the communities for various production activities (vegetable garden production, livestock and fish breeding).

This investment (the 4 ponds constructed) will benefit directly a total of 3 622 inhabitants including 1 839 women living the village around the sites.

Launching of the exaction work of the threshold of Menamba 1 and 2

Maintenance of four potable water infrastructures: Four (4) drinking water infrastructures have

been rehabilitated in the villages of Faléma, Sonsorobougou in the sub-catchments of Cinzana and Perakuy, Bokuy, in the sub-catchments of Mandiakuy. The rehabilitation work includes the installation of news water pumps and construction of concrete walls around the pump. DRYDEV provided the pumps and accessories and cement for the construction and the communities contributed with sand and gravel and labour for the construction works. This investment is benefiting 1 579 inhabitants including 1 463 women for drinking water and also animal watering.

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Rehabilitation works of the potable drinking water points

Treatment of ravines in the sub-catchment of Kani-Bonzon: The programme contributed to the treatment of gullies along the road linking the village of Kani-Komolé to Kani-Bonzon. DRYDEV provided laterite (10 loadings of tipper vehicle) that was used by the community to repair the segment of the road that was destroyed by runoff water. This investment allows the passability of this road for the transport of the population and socio economic exchanges between the communities. The inhabitants of the two villages: Kani-Komolé (881 inhabitants including 436 women) and Kani-Bonzon (1 934 inhabitants including 907 women) are the first direct beneficiaries of this investment.

Construction of stone line at sub-catchment level for water retention: Twenty six communities2 in the 04 sub-catchments of Kogo, Mandoli, Soroly, Sadia Dogon have been supported by DRYDEV for the construction of stone line at sub-catchment level to reduce erosion of the soil by runoff water during raining season.The project provided training and small materials necessary to carried out this techniques (wheel barrows, spades, shovels, measurement ribbon). The communities use these equipments to collect and transport the stones to build the stones lines. A total of 52 hectares at communal land were concerned by these initiatives which involve 100 producers including 35 women.

Stone line technique applied for the restoration of severely degraded land in the sub-

catchment of Bara Sara

2 Village of : Gani, Garoudow, Mandoli, Soroly, Dologou, Tintimbolo, Bagourou, Dianwely, Ende Guinekanda, Ende Ogo Dengou, Ende Ouo, Ende Toro, Kani-Bonzo, Sadia Habbe, Sadia Peulh, Kani-Kombole, Telly, Oulia, Bentegue, Dome, Dounde, Guille Dogon, Guille Peulh, Kobolagado, Kogo, Thy.

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1.3.3 Support investment for ten (10) new water buffer structures using 3R approach

The water buffer infrastructures are yet to be constructed. Hence the 3R approach (retention, recharge and reuse) have not been experimented yet in the field.

Key progress achieved in 2016 under the development/maintenance of water bueffering structure includes:

The implementation of technical feasibility studies The rehabilitation of four drinking water pumps in four villages The management of two water ponds destined to fish production, rice cultivation, vegetable

production and for livestock watering, Restoration of 52 hectares of communal degraded land using water erosion control techniques.

Activity Area 1.4: Sub catchment-level Afforestation and FMNR 1.4.1 Organize FMNR video projection in 83 villages

Video animations on agroforestry and FMNR were organised in the 16 villages of the sub-catchment of Kiffosso 1, Menamba, and Koumbia. This activity was attended by 3 162 producers.

1.4.2 Practical training sessions on FMNR (in 10 sub-catchments)

Practical trainings on FMNR in ‘field school demonstration’ were organised in the 26 villages of the sub-catchments of Sadia-Dogo, Soroly, Mandoli, and Kogo in Mopti region. A total of 1994 producers including 521 women participated to these trainings.

FMNR training were also conducted in the sub-catchments of Fambougou, Kondala, Mouina (Segou region). A total of 480 farmers including 85 women attended the training in these sub-catchments.

1.4.3 Organise trees (3) exposure visits to successful FMNR sites in another region

An exposure visit, which gathered farmers from the four sub-catchments where DRYDEV intervenes in the region of Mopti (Sadia-Dogo, Soroly, Mandoli, and Kogo), was organized on 24 July 2016 to visit agroforestry and FMNR fields owned by a farmer called Peba Arama in the village of Ama in the commune of Bara Sara region of Mopti. The visit was attended by 53 people, including 11 women. The purpose of the visit was to share experiences of champions’ farmers on agroforestry and FMNR techniques with other producers in order to encourage them to adopt these techniques.

1.4.4 Conduct enrichment and planting on 90 ha degraded land identified in each sub-catchment 15 hectares of degraded collective land was enriched through the planting of trees by 408

producers including 30 women in the Kogo sub-catchments of Mandoli, Soroly and Sadia dogon. A total of 5840 trees comprising (195 grafted jujubes, 1980 balanzans, 600 Eucalyptus, 450 caïcedrats, 150 mango trees, 115 simple jujubes, 1000 baobabs, 450 moringa, 900 bauhinia rufescens) were planted.

20 347 plants comprising the following species (eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp.), Mahogany (western Anacardium), Nere (Parkia biglobosa), Boaboab (Adansonia digitata), neem etc) were planted on 102 hectares by 492 producers, Women in the three sub-catchments in the region of Segou (Kondala: 7 513 plants on 32.5 hectares), (Mouina: 9 503 plants on 57.5 hectares), (Fambougou: 3 331 plants on 12 hectares).

A total of 53 producers, including 11 women in the sub-catchments of Koumbia, Menamba 1 and Kiffosso have established agroforestry plantation on 33 hectares of farmland. Seven different species of trees were planted including (Eucalyptus spp.), Mahogany (western Anacardium), Nere (Parkia biglobosa), Boaboab (Adansonia digitata, caïlcedrats, mango trees, balanzans etc. The density used was 26 plants per hectare. This activities was carried by farmers following the video animation in the 16 villages of the sub-catchments of Koumbia, Menamba 1 and Kiffosso.

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206 hectares were recorded in the sub-catchment of Kiffosso 1, Menamba, and Koumbia, where FMNR technique has been applied at landscape level by the efforts of 351 producers, including 125 women.

Progress achieved in 2016 in the area of sub-catchment level afforestation and FMNR are as follows: A total of 5 719 farmers including 1 934 women participated to a capacity building event on FMNR

and planting techniques at sub-catchment level. A total of 444 producers in the ten sub-catchments targeted by DRYDEV have applied the FMNR

and planting at sub-catchment level. A total of 347 hectares of communal lands are covered by sub-catchment level enrichment

planting and FMNR for various reasons: timber for construction, fodder, medicinal plants and windbreak.

Activity Area 1.5 Development of forest & pastoral management plans

1.5.1 Conduct meeting with stakeholder in ten sub catchments to identify sustainable strategies for forest and pastoral land management

A total of 30 kilometres (or 150 hectares) of livestock passage corridors (width 75 to 150 meter) have been delineated in the sub-catchments of Koumbia, Menamba and Kiffosso for the benefits of 2551 producers. This delineation resulted from a long participatory process which allows the communities, through general assemblies, to agree on the limits of the livestock passage corridors and the rules for their management. The forestry law and the pastoral charter with the aim to prevent conflicts among the different users of natural resource as well as the agriculture orientation law adopted by the government of Mali in 2006 were explained to the communities. A total of 2,240 people including 889 women participated to this process.

Similar consultative process for livestock passage corridors establishment started in December

2016 in the sub-catchments of Kogo, Mandoli and Sadia Dogon Soroly. The consultative meetings were chaired by the « Sous-Prefects », assisted by the mayors, with the participation of representatives of the technical services (Water and Forestry, Agriculture, Livestock), the communal councils, representative of the Chamber of Agriculture, Representative of the breeders' association, representative of natural resources protection associations, IWRM committees, etc. A total of 227 participants including 187 women.

The aims of this activity is to reduce conflicts between farmers and animal keepers that arise from the exploitation of natural resources.

Livestock passage corridors delineated and marked in the sub-catchments of Menamba and Kiffosso

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1.5. 2 Delineate and enrich pastoral corridors and grazing lands (90 ha)

95 hectares of livestock passage corridors and grazing areas were enriched by planting 10,000 cuttings of ‘Panicum minimum C1’ in the the 16 villages3 covered by three sub-catchment (Koumbia; Menamba Kiffosso) in the district of Yorosso. These activities were carried out collectively and individually by the communities’ members. This will replenish passage corridors and grazing area and thus make available fodders for animals.

Nursery of Panicum minimum C1 in the village of Menamba 2

With regards to the development of forest & pastoral management plans, key progress achieved in 2016 includes: The delineation of of 30 kilometres (or 150 hectares) of livestock passage corridors The enrichment of 95 hectares of livestock passage corridors and grazing areas by planting fodders.

3.2.2. WORK PACKAGE 2: ON-FARM WATER & SOIL MANAGEMENT During the year 2016, the following activities were carried out under work package 2: Activity Area 2.1: On-farm rain water harvesting promotion 2.1.1 Identify and train 150 champions’ farmers on tailored on-farm rain water harvesting techniques

Training of farmers on earth bunds: A total of 219 producers including 30 women in the four sub-catchments of Sadia-Dogon, Kogo, Mandoli and Soroly in the region of Mopti and Kondala and Mouina were trained (theoretical and practical training) on how to construct earth bunds in order to: control soil erosion by runoff, improve water infiltration for the purpose of agro-sylvo-pastoral

3 Kiffosso1, Kiffosso2, Lopegue, Makongo, Zangousso, Koumbia, Bagadina, Barena, Dorosso, Ouyasso, Sinde, Tebere, Menamba1, Dionkouman, Menamba2, Seila

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exploitation, improve soil fertility, restored degraded soil, maintain and improve soil fertility by capturing and fixing organic particles that displaced by runoff water and wind. The earth bunds are often associated with fascine supported by stakes and fasteners to better consolidate the device. Some producers also plant trees or weeds along the bund to better fix he soil.

Training of farmers on stone lines technique: Practical training sessions on the implementation of stone line technique were organized in the sub-catchments of Kogo and Sadia in the region of Mopti. The purpose of these trainings was to strengthen the capacity of participating farmers on the restoration of degraded soil through the right implementation of stone line which reduces the velocity of runoff water in the farms and allow steady infiltration of water and improvement of the fertility of soil. The necessary material to carry out stone line technique and how to use them were shown and explained to the participants. The advantage of stone lines were also explained using video animation which shows farms where stone line techniques have been applied well and farms where misalignment of the stones produce counterproductive effects. Altogether 75 farmers attended the training, including 17 women.

Training of trainers’ sessions on zai pits techniques were also organized in the sub-catchment of

Mandoli, Soroly and Kondala. The objective of this training was to allow farmers to learn the right spacing and depth of the pits in order to increase the efficiency of the Zai technique in term of improvement of the yield of production. A total of 155 farmers including 58 women participated to this training.

Training of producers on earth counter lines technique: General assemblies were organised in the

16 villages of the sub-catchments of Kiffosso 1, Koumbia, and Menamba in the region of Sikasso to inform and sensitize the population for on-farm rainwater harvesting techniques (earth contour lines, fascines, stone bunds, Zai pits). A total of 501 farmers have been registered for the uptake of the earth contour lines technique.

Theoretical trainings on on-farm water harvesting techniques

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Communities constructing stone lines and zai pits on collective lands

2.1.2 Conduct farmer to farmer exchange visits (10) to model on-farm rain water harvesting sites

An exchange visit was organised on 23rd july 2016 for 53 producers including 11 women from the four sub-catchment of Kogo, Mandoli, Sadia dogon, and Soroly in the region of Mopti in the village of Diangassagou (commune of Timiniri in the region of Mopti) to visit model farmers who have adopted on-farm rain water harvesting sites. This visit allows the visitors to exchange directly with the farmers in the village of Ama on how they are constructing Zai pits, earth bunds and the improvements that they noticed. Following this visit and the feedback presented by the visitors in their respective communities, a total of 883 producers have replicated these techniques on their farms covering a total areas of 1,133 hectares.

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2.1.3 Organization of one competition prize between farmers applying on-farm RWH in each sub-catchment This activities was not implemented in 2016 and has been postponed to 2017.

Under the activity area related to on-farm rain water harvesting, progress made in 2016 is as follows: A total of 1 882 farmers including 115 champion farmers4 (39 women champion farmers) have

been trained on on-farm water harvesting techniques described above. Following these trainings, the DRYDEV programme provided small tools (Dabas, pickaxes,

wheelbarrow, shovels, etc.). These tools were used by 883 producers to implement water harvesting techniques on farm (zai

pits, stone line, earth bunds, and counter line) on a total surface of 1,133 hectares.

Activity Area 2.2: On-farm agroforestry promotion 2.2.1 Conduct awareness raising through video projections on agroforestry techniques in 83 villages

Video animation showing agroforestry techniques were organised in the 16 villages of the three sub-catchments in the district of Yorosso. A total of 2 522 producers including 210 women were reached through this activities.

2.2.2 Identify and train 150 champions’ farmers on tailored agroforestry techniques The following training were organised to promote agroforestry techniques on farmlands.

Training of ‘207 champion farmers’ on agroforestry technique in trees grafting: This activity involved 196 trees nursery producers including 37 women. The training allowed trees nursery producers to improve their knowledge about: 1) the definition of grafting, 2) grafting equipment, 3) the choice of fruit trees keen to be grafted, 4) the preparation of the graft bearer, 5) the preparation of the graft, 6) the assembly and the tying, 7) the recovery of the graft, 8) post grafting operations, 9) the sorting of seedlings in pots and watering.

Training in trees planting attended by 1 069 persons. Training on the PLASA technique (planting without water) reduce water requirement for planted

trees. 160 persons including 23 women attended this training. This training aimed to strengthen farmers’ skills on the method of planting trees using very little water in dry and hot period.

Training in trees nursery. 52 trees nursery producers (all men) in the four (04) sub-catchments in the Mopti region were trained in the production of nursery plants. Afterward they produced over 15,399 trees seedlings of local trees species which were used for enrichment and reforestation activities on farmlands and degraded land in the different sub-catchments.

Training on FMNR technique for 3 084 producers in all the ten sub-catchments.

Trees planting in agroforestry by farmers

4 Champion farmers are farmers directly trained by DRYDEV who subsequently set-up demonstration farms, which serve as platforms to share their knowledge and skills with other farmers on a particular technique or combination of tehniques.

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Practical demonstration of the method "Planting without Water" (PLASA) in the sub-catchment of Bara Sara

2.2.3 Conduct farmer to farmer exchange visits to model agroforestry sites (10 visits) One exposure visit was organised in the village of Andakanda (commune of Doucombo, distrct of

Bandiagara, region of Mopti) where a champion farmer is applying FMNR technique on his farm. This visit allow for a total of 53 persons including 11 women from the four sub-catchment of Kogo, Mandoli, Sadia dogon, and Soroly in the region of Mopti to discuss directly with the champion farmer and learn more about FMNR techniques (how to prune the trees shrub to allow them to grow, the advantages and the difficulties). The farmers who participated to this visit organised feedbacks in their respective communities.

Organisation of ‘FMNR field school demonstration’: Twenty six (26) Field visits were organised in sites where farmers are protecting trees on their farms using FMNR techniques. A total of 1,618 producers, including 521 women from the 26 villages involved in DRYDEV activities in the four sub-catchments in the Mopti region, participated to these visits. During these visits, field demonstrations on FMNR technique were conducted which allow the participants to understand the FMNR implementation steps. There were also direct discussion between farmers which enable the visitor to know the challenges faced by farmer in implementing the FMNR technique.

2.2.4 Organization (10) competition prize between farmers applying agroforestry techniques on-farm This activities was not be implemented in 2016, and was postponed to 2017.

In 2016 a total 3 084 farmers received training on agroforestry and on-farm FMNR. Following these trainings trees were planted at the farms level as agroforestry by 1 251 farmers on a total surface of 414 hectares. The tree species planted include: Eucalyptus, Anacardium, Parkia biglobosa, Adansonia digitata. These species were selected by farmers for various resons: :windbreak, fruit for consumption, timber for construction, fodder, medicinal plants. FMNR has been applied also by 814 farmers on farmland on a total area of 2 559 hectares. A total of 207 ‘champion farmers on agroforestry techniques of which 58 are women have been reached.

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Activity Area 2.3: Soil conservation and fertility enhancement 2.3.1 Identify and train 150 champions’ farmers5 on soil conservation/fertility enhancement techniques

Training on compost production: Training sessions on an innovative method of producing compost in a very short time (rapid composting) using crop residues, ash, crop stalks, straw, dry leaves, etc, were organised in all the 10 sub-catchments farmers. A total of 3 833 farmers including 1006 women benefited the training on rapid composting technique. The training also covered topics such as: advantages of compost, steps for the production of compost in short time, how to build a compost pit. How does one use compost? Dosage per hectare?). After the training a total of 1 570 farmers have adopted the composting on their farmlands covering 2 230 hectares which is contributing to increase crop yield.

Compost production using tree leaves (left) and household waste and cow dung (right)

Construction of compost pits

2.3.2 Conduct farmer to farmer exchange visits to model soil conservation and fertility sites (10 visits)

An exchange visit was organised in the village of Ama (commune of Bara Sara, district of Bandiagara, region of Mopti) to visit the farm of a model farmer (Mr Peba Arama) who is combining different techniques on his farm (zai pits, stones line, FMNR and compost. A total of 53 producers including 11 women from the four sub-catchment targeted by DRYDEV in the Mopti region attended this visit. The visitors to exchange directly with the farmers on how the farmers on the advantages of this integration of different techniques.

In 2016 key achievements with regards to Soil conservation and fertility enhancement includes: i) a total of 3 833 farmers have been trained in rapid compost production, ii) a total of 1 570 farmers have applied this technique to fertilize 2 230 hectares of their farmlands. Activity Area 2.4: Small-scale irrigation promotion 2.4.1 Participatory meetings to select best suited small-scale irrigation techniques

The visioning and community action planning process which had been carried out in all the sub-catchments enabled the communities to select different options and techniques to increase their

5 Champion farmers are farmers directly trained by DRYDEV who subsequently set-up demonstration farms, which serve as platforms to share their knowledge and skills with other farmers on a particular technique or combination of techniques

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agricultural production including small irrigation system for vegetable garden perimeter and needs for training on vegetable gardening techniques.

2.4.2 Training sessions for water users on small-scale irrigation systems in each of the ten sub-

catchments Training on vegetable gardening techniques: A total of 526 producers including 305 women from

the villages of Kanian, Hanekuy, Kansene, Tayo in the sub-catchment of Kondala in the district of Tominian, region of Segou and the villages of Sanogola, Douna, Cinzana-Gare in the sub-ctachment of Fambougou region of segou and the villages of Soroly, Tintinboli and Dologou in the sub-catchment of Soroly region of Mopti, were trained on vegetable gardening techniques (market gardening and crop protection techniques (preparation of the soil and design of plots to enhance the efficient use of water, Production of vegetable crops in nurseries and the different techniques of transplanting nursery crops, watering frequency, pest management and phytosanitary treatments, etc). Vegetable production is an important incomes for women which also contributes to food security and nutrition.

Training of women in the village of Mandoli (region of Mopti) on the preparation of the soil and design of plots

2.4.3 Demonstration of at least 10 small-scale irrigation schemes for market gardening production for women/youth

Nine vegetable garden production perimeters with a total area of 9 ha were constructed/rehabilitated in 2016 with the support of DRYDEV. These perimeters are located in: i) the villages of Lopégué and Tèbèrè in the sub-catchment of Kiffosso1 and Koumbia, ii) the villages of Mandoli and Oualia in the sub-catchment of Bara Sara and Kani-Bonzon, iii) the villages of Kanian, Kansene, Tayo, and Hanékuy in the sub-catchment of Kondala (Tominian) and iv) the village of Douna sub-catchment of Fambougou (Cinzana).

DRYDEV support included the provision of barbed wire fence and cement to fix the fence to protect the perimeters, boring of large-diameter wells and improved traditional wells and installation of solar powered water pumps and water drainage system that supplies water inside the perimeter. This water is also used as drinking water for human and animals. DRYDEV also provided vegetable seeds (chilli, eggplant, and pepper, tomato,etc ) to kick start the production. Seeds for the experimentation of tomatoes production during the rainy season were also provided. DRYDEV also

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provided to the groups of producers who are exploiting the vegetable gardens, small tools (Pikes, shovels, wheelbarrows, watering cans, and rakes) .

The communities provided sand, gravel and labour for the construction work (fixing the barbed wire, boring the wells).

The two garden in Lopégué and Tèbèrè are used for banana and papaya production and the seven other gardens are used for various vegetable crop production including onions, shallot, potatoes, tomato, salad, etc.

The nine vegetable garden are exploited by 875 beneficiaries, the majority of whom are women (549).

Water storage and drainage infrastructure for vegetable production Key achievements made in 2016 in the area of small scale irrigation to support production include the: the construction and rehabilitation of nine vegetable production gardens (installation of barbed wire fence, boring large-diameter wells and improved traditional wells and installation of solar powered water pumps and water drainage system). A total of 526 received training on vegetable production, composting and pest control. Seeds and small tools were also donated to the groups of producers to kick start the vegetable production in the garden constructed or rehabilitated. 3.2.3. WORK PACKAGE 3: AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY PRODUCTION During the reporting period, the following activities were carried out under work package 3: Activity Area 3.1: Promotion climate smart agricultural practices

3.1.1 Organize meetings with 83 farmer groups to select agro-sylviculture and pastoral practices

The visioning and community action planning process with started in the last quarter of 2015 in 4 sub-catchments has been finalised in the first semester of 2016 in the remaining six (6) sub-catchments. This exercise enabled the communities to identify learning priorities that they want to promote. The consolidated learning priorities for DRYDEV Mali include:

Options Learning priorities Management of runoff water

Runoff water derivation by earth bunds compare to stone bund in slopped areas

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Farmer managed natural regeneration

How to select appropriate species per site, optimal density for different crops

Management of trees

Compare different methods of trees pruning

On-farm water management

Compare the yields of corn and millet / sorghum with counter line plots in ridges and flat plowing

Composting Identify method that reduce the decomposition time and compare to traditional method (rapid composting) Compare the impacts of different type of compost on the yield of different crops

Fighting against striga

Identify the best method/practice to fight striga (appropriate species, utilization of onion leaves, pulling method)

Fodder cultivation Domestication of fodder crops Water saving Compare water fetching methods and irrigation schemes in vegetable

gardening Stone bund Compare the impacts of different spacing on land restoration Bund Compare the impacts of different spacing on land restoration zaï Compare the impacts on yields of different layout, spacing, depth, size, use

of chemical fertilizers and use of compost for zai pits Micro dose compare the efficiency on yields of manual placement of fertilizer and

mechanical placement of fertilizer grafting of balanites trees

Compare the effects of different types of grafting on the growth and yields

Bio pesticide Compare the effects of local bio pesticides versus pesticides on vegetable crops

Improved seeds Type of adapted varieties , cycle, spacing and yield and loss of productive potential

Food Bank Identify other species besides the Moringa & the Baobab and make comparative tests garden to compare the nutritional value

Fattening of goat, sheep and pork)

Comparison of different breeds and different animal feeding &feeds

Sorghum beer brewing

Appropriate species, conservation technique

Sweet potato (yellow)

Appropriate variety, conservation, processing (compare local techniques to modern techniques)

Sesame Identification of new uses of the products and by-products of Sesame and compare these to common uses

Local products (Forestry and agriculture)

What influence/impacts the technology and packaging have on the quality and price of the products

Local products Comparison of the marketing systems (individual sale versus bulk sale) Access to financing What impacts the saving for change (S4C) approach has on the income of

the beneficiaries compared to classic credit/financial institutions funding differentiate by gender and how the sustainability of these two systems compare

Farmer led insurance systems

Comparison of traditional food security systems

Accountability Comparison of accountability frameworks at the local level Local organization What types of existing organization is more appropriate for the

implementation of the different work package and what support is required by the programme

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Building Alliances What types of alliances are the best to influence policies Local convention for the management of natural resources

Possible synergies between local convention and the law

These learning priorities are being supported under the various work packages. Two priorities were selected among this list which will be subject to systematic data collection to provide evidence. These include: i) grafting of balanites trees in order to compare the effects of different types of grafting on the growth and yields, ii) Comparison the effects of local bio pesticides versus pesticides on vegetable crops. Protocols are now being developed by ICRAF relevant scientists to facilitate the implementation of these learning priorities. 3.1.2 Organise on-farm training sessions facilitated by champion farmer on good agriculture practices

Installation of ‘Farmer field school’ : Four ‘Farmer field school’ were established on an area of 1.5 ha in the four sub-catchments of the region of Mopti. These “field schools” include two production demonstration plots (one plot where local millet seeds were sown and another parcel with drought tolerant seeds of millet known as ‘Toroniou’ in local language. Throughout the process of the installation of these demonstration plots (throughout the raining season) the ’90 Champion farmers’ including 31 women who are making this experiments were advised by the agriculture extension services who provided advices on: seed selection, seed treatment, fertilizer mixing with seeds, organic fertilizer application, plowing and sowing technique, appropriate spacings between the seedlings and the interlines, pest control, harvesting, storage and conservation). The objective was to demonstrate to farmers the effects of drought on the different variety of millet to promote wide adoption of drought tolerant seeds to improve agricultural production and adaptation of producers to the impacts of climate change. A total of 1 618 producers including 521 women from the 26 villages of the four sub-catchments of the region of Mopti targeted by DRYDEV intervention, were involved in this inter-peasant learning process.

Farmer field school in the sub-catchment of Kogo, region of Mopti

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Training on climate smart agriculture practices6: A total of 650 producers including 216 women from the sub-catchments of Sadia Dogon; Mandoli, Kogo and Dologou (Soroly) in the region of Mopti and menamba1, Koumbia and Kiffossso 1 (region of Sikasso) received training on climate smart agriculture practices. The topics covered are:

Intercropping (association of cereals and legume on the same plot) The rational use of mineral fertilizers using the micro-dose technique; How to use of weather information to plan agriculture calendar The use of different varieties of seeds adapted to the climate and their advantages Fish alevins fingerlings farming etc,

3.1.3 Capacity building on selected pastoral practices in each sub-catchment 50 producers including 9 women from the sub-catchments of Sadia Dogon, Mandoli, Kogo and

Dologou (Soroly) received training on the technique of roaming parking of animal in the farm. The animals’ enclosure is regularly moved all around in the farms. The manure deposited by animals will fertilize the cultivated plots. This technique allows the integration of agriculture and livestock.

3.1.4 Capacity building on harvesting and processing techniques for non-timber forest products in

each of the ten sub-catchment A total of 179 women from the villages of Kanséné, Tayo, and Hanékuy (sub-catchments of

Kondala/Tominian) and the village of Mandiakuy (sub-catchment of Mouina) and the village of Douna (sub-cathment of Fambougou/Cinzana) in the region of Segou have been trained on baobab and moringa oleifera production technique in market gardening. The training cover topics such as how to prepare the seedlings how to collect the leaves of baobab and Moringa and how to conserve the nutrient value. The leaves of Moringa which have been planted in 2014 during the quick wins phase are being transformed and commercialised by women groups in the village of Douna.

3.1.5 Organise 'farmer day' in each sub-catchment on integrated climate –smart agro-sylviculture

and pastoral practices to facilitate co-learning

This activity was not implemented in 2016. In 2016, various climate-smart agriculture and pastoral practices and technologies that aim to sustainably increase productivity, and allow producers to adapt to the impact of climate change and reduce greenhouse gas emissions have been promoted by DRYDEV. These techniques includes: micro dosing of fertilisers, roaming parking of animal in the farm, drought tolerant seeds, climate information utilisation, etc. The promotion was made through training, installation of drought tolerant production demonstration plots. A total of 773 are applying these techniques on a total farmland of 3 926 hectares. Activity Area 3.2: Promotion of farmer-led extension systems 3.2.1 Support at least 150 champions’ farmers7 with tools, equipment to establish demonstration plots

As described above under work package 1 and 2 several training were provided by DRYDEV for the promotion of various techniques in the area of afforestation and FMNR, soil conservation and

6 Climate-smart agriculture encompasses practices and technologies that aim to sustainably increase productivity, and allow producers to adapt to the impact of climate change and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. 7 Champion farmers are farmers directly trained by DRYDEV who subsequently set-up demonstration farms, which serve as platforms to share their knowledge and skills with other farmers on a particular technique or combination of techniques

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fertility enhancement, Small-scale irrigation. In order to facilitate the uptake of these practices and technologies, DRYDEV provided small tools to champions’ farmers and groups of farmers. These tools include: wheel barrows and shovels, sharpened iron bars, pickaxes and spades for excavation, tapes for measurement, machetes, rakes, watering cans, etc. Committees have been established in each village to facilitate the management of these tools.

In the year 2016, DRYDEV supported eight (08) groups of farmers in the village of Kansene, Kanian and Sonina (sub-catchments of Kondala/Tominian) in the village of Sabara (sub-catchments of Mouina/Mandiakuy) and the villages of Cinzana, Sanogola, Sonsorobougou and Douna in the sub-catchment of (Fambougou/Cinzana) for the management of ponds for fish farming. Eight fish ponds were stocked with alevin fingerling fish. A total of 1 490 kilogrammes of fish were harvested. Each household involved received some fish for consumption and the rest was sold on the local market between 750 FCFA (1, 3USD) and 1250 FCFA (2, 174USD) per kilogramme. The management committees set up for IWRM plans implementation are in charge of managing these financial resources which will be used to buy alevins fingerlings for next season and doing some maintenance work on the ponds. The population are very enthusiast about this activities that they want to upscale to increase the benefit to the communities in term of improving the dietary and income from the sale of fish.

3.2.2 Support 10 farmers groups to establish rural extension centres to roll out CSA practices This activity overlaps with the on-farm training sessions facilitated by champion farmer on good

agriculture practices described above. In the four sub-catchment in the region of Mopti, four ‘Farmer field school’ (one plot where local millet seeds were sown and another parcel with drought tolerant seeds of millet known as ‘Toroniou’ in local language) were established. The objective was to demonstrate to farmers the effects of drought on the different variety of millet to promote wide adoption of drought tolerant seeds to improve agricultural production and adaptation of producers to the impacts of climate change.

A total of ’90 Champion farmers’ including 31 women who are making this experiments were advised by the agriculture extension services who provided advices on: seed selection, seed treatment, fertilizer mixing with seeds, organic fertilizer application, plowing and sowing technique, appropriate spacings between the seedlings and the interlines, pest control, harvesting, storage and conservation).

A total of 1 618 producers including 521 women from the 26 villages of the four sub-catchments of the region of Mopti targeted by DRYDEV intervention, benefited from this farm led experiment, through visit to the demonstration plots and the feedback meetings that were organised in december 2016 by the champion farmers to share the results of the demonstration plots after the harvest. This results show that in spite of the late installation of the demonstration plots in july 2016 and the early stop of rain in September 2016, the farmer notice a difference in the yields harvested on the two demonstration plots which was much higher in the plots sown with drought tolerant seed ‘Toroniou’.

In 2016 the promotion of farmer led extension systems encompasses the uptake of various techniques in the area of afforestation and FMNR, soil conservation and fertility enhancement, small-scale irrigation (in all the ten sub-catchments) demonstration of fish farming in eight villages of the sub-cathcments of

Harvest of fish ponds in the sub-catchment of Fambougou (Cinzana)

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Fambougou, Kondala and Mouina and the installation of drought tolerant demonstration plots in the four sub-catchments targeted by DRYDEV in the region of Mopti. These farmers led extension systems will be further developed in 2017 when the planned comparisons or participatory action learning will implemented. Activity Area 3.3: Improving input supply systems 3.3.1 Identification of the needs of participating farmer groups for input, seed and seedling supply

Workshops were organized in each sub-catchment which enable farmers to communicate their needs to the inputs supply companies.

3.3.2 Analyse input and seed supply systems in six (6) sub-catchments

In each sub-catchment, workshops were organized with farmers’ organizations and key companies supplying agriculture inputs. These workshops allowed the DRYDEV team to identify more than 40 inputs supply companies (fertilizer distribution, sale of pest treatment products, sale of improved seeds) and local farmers multiplying seeds that are operating in the sub-catchments targeted by DRYDEV.

3.3.3 Develop sustainable input supply plans (at least six 6 plans developed)

In 2016 input supply plan was developed only for farmers in the sub-catchment of Kiffosso, Menamba and Koumbia in the region of Sikasso. In the other sub-catchments in the region of Segou and Mopti, the DRYDEV team organized workshops that enabled farmers to exchange directly with inputs supply companies regarding their input needs and the procurement modalities. In the 2017 DIP, the Mali DRYDEV team has planned to conduct a participatory assessment of input requirements and develop a program of supply. The organization of farmers in saving groups will enable them to mobilize financial resources to purchase inputs.

3.3.4 Link producers groups and input suppliers (at least one meeting organized in 10 sub-catchment)

Farmers’ organizations and key companies supplying agriculture inputs in each of the sub-catchments were brought together through workshops to create linkages between farmers and agro dealers in order to facilitate access to inputs. These workshops enabled farmers to discuss directly with the input supply companies the payment modalities and possibility of bulk purchasing and group transport. Following these meetings, a total of 1 618 farmers purchase fertilizer from 41 inputs supply companies.

In 2016, little progress were made in the improvement of input supply systems. The DIP 2017 is more ambitious in this area. It planned to support the rehabilitation or establishment of twenty (20) inputs warehouses or shops (managed directly by farmers’ groups) that will facilitate availability of improved seeds and drought tolerant varieties and other inputs to farmers at village level. 3.2.4. WORK PACKAGE 4: ENHANCING ACCESS TO MARKET Activity Area 4.1: Organization and structuring of value chains actors 4.1.1 Identification of at least 30 producer groups in the different segments of targeted value chains

Selection of the value chains and products to be promoted in each sub-catchment: Eight meetings were organized gathering actors from the ten sub-catchments to review and refine the value chain products that were identified through the characterization study carried out in 2015. Out of these workshops, sixteen (16) value chain (Millet, Fish Farming, Shea Butter, Corn/Maize, Sesame, Pepper, Soybeans, Cowpeas, Cereals (Sorghum), Agroforestry products processing, Animal fattening, Agro-food Processing, Seeds production, Fonio, Agroforestry, Shallots) were selected for all the 10 sub-catchments. The distribution of these value chains in the sub-catchment is as follows.

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Region District Commune Sub-catchments Number of villages

Value chains selected

Sikasso Yorosso Koumbia Koumbia 7 Millet Fish Farming Shea Butter

Menamba Menamba 4 Corn/Maize, Sesame, Pepper

Kiffosso 1 Kiffosso 1 5 Corn/Maize Soybeans Cowpeas

Segou Segou Cinzana Fambougou 14 Cereals (Sorghum) Sesame Agroforestry products processing

Tominian Tominian Kondala 11 Millet, Animal fattening, Agro-food Processing

Mandiakuy Mouina 15 Millet, Seeds production, Fonio Agro-food Processing

Mopti Bankass Segue Kogo 8 Millet, Animal fattening, Agroforestry

Kani-Bonzon

Sadia Dogon 12 Millet, Animal fattening, Agroforestry products processing

Bandiagara Bara Sara Mandoli 3 Millet, Agro-food Processing

Soroly Soroly 3 Millet, Shallots

4.1.2 Facilitate the organization/ structuring of at least 30 producers in the different segments of VCs As part of the structuring and strengthening of the capacities of the actors of the value chains, the following activities were carried out:

82 meetings/general assemblies were organised and bought together actors in the different segments of the selected value chains in the ten sub-catchments. The objective of these meetings was to allow the value chain actors to discuss how they can organise themselves into cooperative at the village level and establishment of union of cooperative at the sub-catchment level. These meetings also allowed the participants to elect the management committees of these cooperatives and unions of cooperatives. Out of this process a total of 8,317 actors (4690 women) representing different socio-economic categories of peoples8: rich group (1482), less rich group (1690), poor group (1718) and very poor group (3427) in the different segment of the selected value chains were structured in 260 cooperatives in the 83 villages covered by DRYDEV. Twenty nine (29) unions of

8 The socio-economic categorization was made by the members of the groups based on the livelihoods assets owned by the person as defined by the group (Food self-sufficiency (three meals a day) animal, agriculture equipments, human capital)

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cooperatives were established at the sub-catchments level around the 16 value chains selected in the ten sub-catchments.

Distribution of Cooperative established Region

Number of Sub-

Catchment

Villages

Unions

Cooperatives Groups

created/Revialized

Members of the groups

Men

Women

Total

Mopti 4 26 10 97 90 1 109 1 452 2561

Segou 3 41 10 88 126 1 802 1 333 3135

Sikasso 3 16 9 75 69 716 1905 2621

Total 10 83 29 260 285 3627 4690 8, 317

Breakdown of the different socio-economic groups in the different segments of the value chains Region Rich Lesss rich Poor Very poor Total Mopti 459 546 266 1290 2561 Ségou 812 778 848 697 3135 Sikasso 211 366 604 1440 2621 TOTAL 1482 1690 1718 3427 8317

Activity Area 4.2: Business & entrepreneurial skills development for producers 4.2.1 Assess the capacity gaps for at least 30 producers in the different segment of targeted value

chains Workshops were organized in all the sub-catchments to assess the capacity building needs of value

chain actors. A total of 790 participants including 230 women participated to these workshops. The following table gives a summary of needs identify for the different value chains in the ten sub-catchments.

Sub-catchments

Value chains selected

Capacity Building needs

Koumbia Millet, Training on good agriculture techniques, Training on pest control, Training on post-harvest management to reduce post- harvest crop losses, Training on harvest conservation, access to financial resources, training on warrantage, training in marketing techniques and commercial negotiation, Training in group leadership

Fish Farming, Training in fish farming Shea Butter Training in group leadership

Menamba Corn/Maize, Training on good agriculture techniques, Training on pest control, Training on post-harvest management to reduce post- harvest crop losses, Training on harvest conservation, access to financial resources, training on warrantage, training in marketing techniques and commercial negotiation, Training in group leadership

Sesame,

Pepper Training on vegetable gardening techniques, pest and pesticides control, drying of pepper, choice on adapted variety of seeds

Kiffosso 1 Corn/Maize, Training on good agriculture techniques, Training on pest control, Training on post-harvest management to reduce post- harvest crop losses, Training on harvest conservation, access to financial resources, training on warrantage, training in marketing

Soybeans Cowpeas

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techniques and commercial negotiation, Training in group leadership

Fambougou Cereals (Sorghum), Training on good agriculture techniques, Training on pest control, Training on post-harvest management to reduce post- harvest crop losses, Training on harvest conservation, access to financial resources, training on warrantage, training in marketing techniques and commercial negotiation, training in financial management of a cooperative (bookkeeping and accounting),

Sesame, training in financial management of a cooperative (bookkeeping and accounting),

Agroforestry products processing

training in financial management of a cooperative (bookkeeping and accounting),

Kondala Millet, Training on good agriculture techniques, Training on pest control, Training on post-harvest management to reduce post- harvest crop losses, Training on harvest conservation, access to financial resources, training on warrantage, training in marketing techniques and commercial negotiation

Animal fattening, Training on animal fattening techniques, animal diseases treatment, choise of adapted species

Agro-food Processing

Training of promoters on good production and hygiene practices

Mouina Millet, Training on good agriculture techniques, Training on pest control, Training on post-harvest management to reduce post- harvest crop losses, Training on harvest conservation, access to financial resources, training on warrantage, training in marketing techniques and commercial negotiation

Fonio

Seeds production, Training on seed production Agro-food Processing

Training of promoters on good production and hygiene practices

Kogo Millet Training on good agriculture techniques, Training on pest control, Training on post-harvest management to reduce post- harvest crop losses, Training on harvest conservation, access to financial resources, training on warrantage, training in marketing techniques and commercial negotiation

Animal fattening Training on animal fattening techniques, animal diseases treatment, choice of adapted species

Agroforestry Training on trees planting Sadia Dogon

Millet, Training on good agriculture techniques, Training on pest control, Training on post-harvest management to reduce post- harvest crop losses, Training on harvest conservation, access to financial resources, training on warrantage, training in marketing techniques and commercial negotiation

Animal fattening, Training on animal fattening and diseases treatment Agroforestry products processing

Training on balanite and tamarind processing techniques

Mandoli Millet, Training on good agriculture techniques, Training on pest control, Training on post-harvest management to reduce post- harvest crop losses, Training on harvest conservation, access to financial resources, training on warrantage, training in marketing techniques and commercial negotiation

Agro-food Processing

Training in agriculture products processing techniques

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Soroly Millet, Training on good agriculture techniques, Training on pest control, Training on post-harvest management to reduce post- harvest crop losses, Training on harvest conservation, access to financial resources, training on warrantage, training in marketing techniques and commercial negotiation

Shallots Training on vegetable gardening techniques, pest and pesticides control, shallots conservation

Based on the above capacity gaps, DRYDEV facilitated workshops in all the ten sub-catchments for

the elaboration of annual action plan for the 29 unions of cooperative that have been established around the selected value chains. These actions plans describes the challenges that the cooperatives might face, the objectives, the implementation strategy, the period of implementation and the persons responsible for the implementation.

4.2.2 Implement capacity building action plan for at least 30 producers in the different segment of VC

As part of the implementation of the action plan developed, DRYDEV team organised five (5) workshops in the sub-catchment of Koumbia, Menamba, Kiffosso, fambougou, Sadia Dogon, Mandoli and Soroly to inform cereal producers (Maize and millet) on the warrantage system which allows farmers to use their harvest as collateral to obtain credit from a bank, rather than selling these harvests at once at a time price are very low. The participants were also informed about the management of cooperative dealing with warrantage and tools for the management of warrantage operations. A total of 132 participants from took part to these workshops.

The members of the cooperatives and union of cooperative (188 members) established around the selected value chain were trained on the requirements of OHADA9 for Society and Union Cooperative, and the administrative management of cooperative.

Activity Area 4.3: Business plans development for selected value chains 4.3.1 Participatory market analysis for selected value chains (3 values chains per sub-catchment) in the ten targeted sub-catchments

A market analysis was carried out in all the ten sub-catchment for 16 selected values chains products. This study identified the potential market outlets through an analysis of the demand and supply chains for this products. The report describes the prices structure for the selected value chains for each sub-catchment. The market assessment for the selected value chains in this sub-catchment shows that the production areas constitute the first points of collection of the products by collectors who work for the wholesalers who in turn supply the consumers’ markets through retailers and the institutional markets dominated by OPAM, WFP and other humanitarian programs which supply schools canteens and vulnerable areas with millet, sorghum. Most of the value chains are primarily intended for the national markets with exports in some neighbouring countries. The cereals value chains: Cereals (Millet, Maize and Sorghum) are the main staple diet of the

population. The first market is the local consumption Non-wood forest products value chains: Traditionally forest fruits including (shea, Zaban, M’péku, N’gunan, Néré and Ziziphus mauritiana) are collected, processed and sold by women primarily on the local market. However, men are also getting involved in the collection and marketing of these products. The market for these products is yet to be developed.

Livestock value chains commodities include: Animal fattening (sheep, goats, cattle, pig). The fattening of cattle is primarily done by men while women are the main actors of sheep, goats, pig fattening and poultry farming. The market analysis shows that cattle are slaughtered for local consumption. Livestock are are exported to Burkina Faso and Cote d’Ivoire. Sheep, goats

9 OHADA (Organisation pour l'Harmonisation en Afrique du Droit des Affaires/ Organisation for the Harmonisation of Business Law in Arica)

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are sold on the local and national market. During the Tabaski period Sheep are sold in neighbouring countries like Cote d’Ivoire, Burkina Faso and Senegal.

Vegetables: This value chain is primarily based on commodities such as shallots, onions, peppers and tomatoes. The production and processing chains of these commodities are dominated by women. The commercialisation of vegetables commodities is limited to the local market.

4.3.2 Develop 30 business plans for selected value chains

Out the 260 cooperatives established around the selected value chains products a total of 13 cooperatives have been supported in 2016 by DRYDEV team to develop theirs business plans. Workshops were organised in this regards with the members of the unions to identify the challenges faced by the union and the measures and strategies to overcome these challenges.

Activity Area 4.4: Building country capacities in market systems and value chains 4.4.1 Training on Making Markets System Work for the Poor (M4P) in ten (10) sub-catchments

Eight persons (DRYDEV staff in Mali) participated to the training on ‘Making Market work for the poor (M4P) that was organised by ICRAF in Ouagadougou from September 19 to 23, 2016. The M4P is an approach aimed at influencing the development of market systems so that they offer more opportunities and benefits to the poor through temporary and catalytic interventions to overcome the major challenges and constraints faced by poor to benefit the markets systems. The knowledge acquired through this training is being used by the DRYDEV team to target specific interventions towards poor producers in the different segments of value chains.

4.4.2: Training on Value chains Analysis & Development

The training on value chains analysis and development could not be implemented in 2016, and has been postponed to 2017.

4.4.3: Training on Market Analysis & Development (ADM) in each of the ten sub-catchments The DRYDEV staff (10) has been trained from 19 to 22 December 2016 in Segou with the aim to

strengthen their capacities on the Market Analysis and Development Approach (ADM) in order to support the 260 cooperatives in the development of theirs business plans. Following this training 13 business plans as follows.

No Value Chains Locality Name of cooperative 1 Shea butter production and

commercialisation Koumbia/Barena Cooprative Koulouya

2 processing of balanites in juice Kani-Bonzon ANDOUMBERE 3 Fattening of sheeps Kani-Bonzon cooperative Balais 4 Fattening of sheeps Kani-Bonzon AMAKENE 5 millet commercialisation Kogo AMBATIEGUE 6 Commercialisation of Shallots Soroly AMBATIEGUE 7 Commercialisation of yellow

maize Kiffosso 1 Cooperative TOUDOUN

DAOU 8 Commercialisation of yellow

maize Kiffosso 1 Cooperative BLALA

9 Commercialisation of Sesame Menamba 2 Cooperative BENEGNETA 10 Commercialisation of millet Kominalo GNOUMBARISSIN 11 Commercialisation of millet Bokuy (SEWESSE) 12 Animal fattening Kondala FASOJIGUI 13 Commercialisation of millet Fambougou/Mininkofa BENKADI

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4.4.5 Organise exposure visits and demonstration in fairs, etc. for value chain actors Participation to ‘fair’ for agriculture financing in March and November 2016 in Sikasso: DRYDEV

facilitated the participation, of eight members from the six union cooperatives supported by DRYDEV in the region of Sikasso to the 3rd and 4th editions of FINAGRI Salon organized from in March and November 2016. FINAGRI is a “fair” which connect the actors in the different segments of agriculture value chains (in need of funding for their activities) and financial service providers (banks, MFIs, investment funds). This participation enabled the cooperatives to establish links with microfinance institutions (Kondo Jigima, Kafo Jiginew, Soro Yiriwaso and RMCR). This was also an opportunity for the cooperatives to advertise their products to potential consumers who visited the exhibition stands.

Activity Area 4.5: Establish and strengthen market information system 4.5.1 Participatory workshops (one in each sub-catchment) with value chains actors to identify market information needs

DRYDEV team organised meetings with the members of the 260 cooperatives established at village level around the targeted value chains, to assess their market information needs. For the producers the market information they need relate to the location of the demand for each products, and what are the prices. The agro dealers requested information about the location of the production, the quantity and the transport systems.

4.5.2 Review existing market information systems to identify gaps in ten sub-catchments

Based on the market information needs assessment, DRYDEV team reviewed existing market information systems. Two systems have been identified: The ‘Sènèkèla’ system provided by ORANGE and the National Market and Price Observatory system. The challenges mentioned by the users of the market information system developed by ORANGE Mali are: the cost of the services is high, the system does not yet include cereals products. The majority of value chains actors uses the National Market and Price Observatory system, which provide information on market through local radios. This system is suitable for farmers since the whole mechanism is already in place. But the major constraint of this system is that the information given by the Observatory relates to markets that are far from the cooperatives supported by DRYDEV.

4.5.3 Design and test sustainable market information system which respond to stakeholders needs

Following the diagnosis and review of existing market information systems and the analysis of information needs, it became obvious that the National Market and Price Observatory seems to be the best suited for the needs of producers. DRYDEV will work closely with the Observatory in 2017 to ensure that information from DRYDEV zones are broadcasted on the radio. DRYDEV will support the collection and broadcasting of market information for each products produced in the DRYDEV zones.

3.2.5. WORK PACKAGE 5: FINANCIAL SERVICES LINKING Activity Area 5.1: Strengthen village savings and credit associations 5.1.1: Identify at least 150 existing groups/ establish new groups

A total of 285 saving groups regrouping 8,317 producers including 4,690 women have been established or revitalised following a sensitisation process carried out by the DRYDEV team. The saving for change (SfC) approach is a system that allow women groups to have basic financial services. It innovates on the traditional microfinance model by starting with savings instead of credit and by delivering financial services through small savings groups rather than financial institutions. In the frame of DRYDEV a total of 285 SfC groups have been established in 2016 in the 83 villages where DRYDEV intervene. These groups were formed following the structuring of the value chains actors into cooperatives to allow them to mobilise internal resource to support their activities.

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N° Region Number of sub-

catchment

Unions of

Cooperatives at sub-

catchment level

Number

of villages

Cooperatives at village

level

Saving Groups

established or

revitalized

Members

Men

Women

Total

1 MOPTI 4 10 26 97 90 1 109 1 452 2 561 2 SEGOU 3 10 41 88 126 1 802 1 333 3 135 3 SIKASSO 3 9 16 75 69 716 1905 2 621

GRAND TOTAL 10 29 83 260 285 3627 4690 8317

5.1.2: Conduct needs assessment for at least 150 groups The need assessment was carried out as part of the saving for animation process (refer to 5.13). This

process comprises seven (7) training sessions which require continuous exchange between the DRYDEV staff and the members of the group to assess their needs and agree on the rules for the operations of the group. All the seven steps have been conducted with the 285 savings groups which have been established through DRYDEV support.

5.1.3: Develop/adapt training modules

In the basic training modules for the SfC, women groups come together to save regularly (weekly), borrow from their group's fund, and repay loans with interest. At the end of a saving cycle (generally a year) the fund is divided and each woman receives her savings plus a share of the profit. This basic modules have been upgraded by introducing a component of investment fund that could serve as a guarantee to the groups when external funds are needed. Further new activities like building local expertise in business, agriculture, and mobile banking will be introduce. Modules such as SfC + Business focuses on members' ability to improve their skills managing income generating activities; SfC + Agriculture improves yields and increases food security; and SfC + Mobile enables women to save and pay back loans directly through their cell phones.

5.1.4: Training of 150 groups based on identified needs (financial literacy, financial management, etc.)

A total of 3 449 meetings have been organised with the 285 saving groups. The members of the saving groups were trained during these meetings on the methodology of internal mobilisation techniques and warrantage system.

Meeting of a SfC group

A total of 40 666 945 FCFA (70 725 USD10) have been mobilised by 3 493 producers including 2012 women through the 285 saving groups established by DRYDEV. This amount is divided into two part.

10 Exchange rate is 1USD=575 FCFA

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One part amounting to 19,931,000 FCFA (about 34662 USD) was borrowed by members of the groups 3,493 persons including 2,012 women and the second part amounting to 17 061 570 FCFA (29672 USD) is used as economic investment fund which were used to leverage 8,062,500 FCFA (about 14021 USD) from microfinance institutions. The economic investment fund is a strategy developed under DRYDEV to mobilize local resources that can be used by the cooperatives to support the development of identified value chains. This fund is solely intended for economic investment and is used as a loan guarantee for the financing of business plans, or for pre-financing for certain expenses included in the business plans

Activity Area 5.2: Linkages with financial service providers 5.2. 1 Analyse the financial needs and constraints face by the actors in the different segment of VCs This activity was not implemented in 2016. 5.2.2 Identification of financial services providers (institution, type of services and criteria)

5.2.3 Organize meetings (at least 10 meetings) between VC actors and financial institutions

Activities 5.2.2 and 5.23 have been implemented through a workshop organised in December 2016. This workshop brought together producers and financial service providers to discuss financing opportunities and constraints. This workshop was attended by 45 participants including 8 financial institutions, representatives of the 29 unions of cooperatives from the various sub-catchments, agricultural insurance representatives, and other development organizations including: Elephant Vert, SOS Faim, Catholic Relief Service (CRS), Cereal Value Chains (CVC) Project implemented by ACDI-VOCA and funded by USAID.

Photos of the workshop with financial institutions

After the workshop, the DRYDEV team supported the cooperatives in their negotiation with the

microfinance institutions. The first outcome of these negotiations is the mobilisation of eight millions sixty-two thousand five hundred francs 8,062,500 FCFA (about 14021 USD) as loan with 4 local financial institutions11 that was distributed among the members (344 persons) of 7 cooperatives presented in the following table.

No Name of cooperative Sub-

catchments Locality Value Chain

1 Benkadi Cinzana Minakofa Millet 2 Sewese Mandiakyi Bokuy Millet 3 Gnoubarisssi Mandiakuy Kominalo Millet 4 mougnoussi Tominian Minso Millet 5 Benkadi Cinzana Sossorobougou Millet

11 Kondo Jigima, Kafo Jiginew, Soro Yiriwaso and RMCR

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6 doukafo Tominian Kansene Millet 7 Nieta Tominian Kansene Fonio

Two (02) cooperatives (GNOUMBARISSIN) in the village of Kominalo and (SEWESE) in the village of

Bokuy sub-catchment of Mouina in the district of Tominian, region of Segou, were able to mobilise funds (3 250 000 FCFA or 5652 USD) for the financing of their business plans for the commercialisation of 23 000 kg of millet. This fund benefited 165 members’ including 69 women.

5.2.4 Develop farmer-led warantage activities for main commodities

Promotion of warrantage system: The warrantage system allows farmers to use their harvest as collateral to obtain credit from a bank, rather than selling these harvests at once at a time price are very low. In order to promote this activity the following activities were carried out: DRYDEV organised meetings/workshops in the different sub-catchments to sensitize cereals

producers on the advantage and functioning of the system of warrantage to facilitate access to capital using harvested crops as a guarantee. A total of 132 producers were reached through these workshops. The prerequisite elements that should be in place for the system to work and benefit farmers were explained. These include: i) a well-functioning farmer’s group/association, ii) an interested local bank or other financial institution and ii) a proper and secured storage for the produce, v) agricultural products/ crops used to loan guarantee must be non-perishable, vi) prices must have a proven record of rising in the months following harvest and vii) agricultural products/ crops used as loan guarantee must be recognised by the banking legislation.

DRYDEV supported the village of Kansene in the sub-catchment of Kondala in the construction of grain storage warehouses (DRYDEV provided cement for the construction and the communities brought sand, gravel and labour).

Two warrantage committees were also established and trained on warrantage management through DRYDEV support.

Warrantage is being practiced in the two villages (Kansene+Sonsorobougou) in the sub-catchments of Kondala and Fambougou. A total of 179 volunteers’ producers constituted stocks of 14 tons of millet and 14.4 tons of peanut and 7.6 tons of fonio. With this system a total of 179 producers including 104 women were able to get credit amounting to 4.8 millions francs CFA (about 8368 USD) as working capital to support their value chains activities.

Warrantage stocks (left) and warrantage committees in negotiation with financial institutions for loan acquisition (right)

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Signature of loan agreement between the cereals cooperatives microfinance institutions (RMCR and Soro Yiriwaso)

Distribution of loans among the members of the saving groups of Kansene

Cooperative supported by DRYDEV exhibiting theirs products during the FINAGRI fair held in March 2016 in Sikasso

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3.2.6. WORK PACKAGE 6 LOCAL GOVERNANCE & INSTITUTIONAL STRENGTHENING The following activities were carried out in 2016 under work package 6: Activity Area 6.1: Farmer organization strengthening 6.1.1 Conduct capacity building needs assessment for at least (10) participating farmers organisations

Workshops were held with the farmers' organizations participating in the program in seven sub-catchments (Kiffosso 1, Menamba1, Koumbia, Sadia Dogon, Kogo, Mandoli and Soroly) to assess their capacity building needs. The topics identified for capacity building: understanding the legal regulations of the operation of associative and cooperative; Leadership within a group; Entrepreneurship; Administrative and financial management; Planning and monitoring of activities; mobilization of internal and external resources; technical capacity building in relation to the activities of the groups (fish breeding, training of women in the construction of improved stove, maintenance of water infrastructures, disposal of pesticides packaging, bulk inputs supply, restoration of degraded soils, etc.). A total of 246 persons including 33 women participated in these workshops.

6.1.2 Develop capacity building action plan (based on identified needs) for (10) participating FOs

Following the capacity building needs assessment action plans were developed by DRYDEV team that covers the topics identified during the needs assessment workshops.

6.1.3 Implement the capacity building action plan for (10) participating FOs

No capacity building activity for farmers organisation was implemented in 2016 for local government representatives. This activity is carried forward to be implemented in 2017 .

Activity Area 6.2: Capacity development for local authorities & government institutions 6.2.1 Conduct capacity building needs assessment for (10) local government institutions

Capacity building needs assessment workshops regrouping the municipal and administrative authorities were organised in all the ten sub-catchments. These workshops were attended by 157 persons including 4 women. Similar capacity building needs have been identified in all the ten sub-catchments. Key topics identified for capacity building include: financial resource mobilisation, monitoring and evaluation of development activities, Control of municipalities, management of land conflicts, projects management, PDSEC development and integration of IWRM activities for others existing sub-catchments in

their five year communal socio economic development plan (PDESC). Mobilization of internal financial resources, Training on legislative and regulatory texts regarding natural resources management in the

frame of decentralization (land tenure and water management).

6.2.2 Develop capacity building action plan (based on identified needs) for (10) local government institutions

Following the capacity building needs assessment action plans were developed by DRYDEV team that covers the topics identified during the needs assessment workshops.

6.2.3 Implement the capacity building action plan for (10) local government institutions

No capacity building activity for local government was implemented in 2016 for local government representatives. This activity is carried forward to be implemented in 2017 .

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Activity Area 6.3: Multi-stakeholder, Multi-issue Platforms 6.3.1 Conduct capacity building needs assessment for at least (10) existing multi-stakeholder platforms

The stakeholders mapping exercise was carried out in six sub-catchments (Sadia Dogon, Kondala, Mouina, Koumbia, Menamba and Kiffosso). A total of 195 people including 61 women attended the stakeholder mapping workshops. Key actors that are relevant to DRYDEV and their past and current interactions were mapped.

Participants to the stakeholders mapping workshop

The report shows that there is a high proportion of CBO located in the different sub-catchments. The

following table also shows the summary results of the roles of stakeholders in the different sub-watershed based networks in Mali. These results will be important in understanding how to weave the related networks.

SUB-WATERSHEDS Kondala Mouina Sadia-

Dogon Minamba Koumbia Kiffoso

Actors with a prominent role

AMEPPE FUAPAD UACT Mairie Sahel Eco SV/STE SA/STA SP SDS CARITAS ODESM

WV YEREDON CARITAS CMDT CCDSES SSAM/STA UAPIA AMEPPE

Sahel Eco Mairie L4G STEF STA JEAB AmAET

AMEDD EPC/CMDT CDDM JGMJR

AMEDD CPCV CMDT BNDA

AMEDD CMDT KAFO BNDA

Actors with influential role

Mairie UACT FUAPAD SLPIA/STE

UAPIA YEREDON CZ CCDSES CH

STA BET AAET STE STEF

CDM CPCVS1 MNB3 MNB1 WM1 KM1 SM1 CPCVM1 DJM CPCVSM

TBK CPCVKK CPCVS SSMN CPCV DLK BRN ONSMN DRS NGR

GBG CPCVK3 CPCVBK CPCVNNbK CPCVL2K KAFO CPCVM4K CPCVL1K BBGK1 TGRBGK

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NWG LFL KMMN YRGNS KSRL STA

KFS2

Network bonder actors

UACT RP Mairie SV RMCR

CH UAPIA SODAC

Sahel Eco STA AAET STE STEF

AMEDD CDDM CDM

AMEDD STA CPCV CMDT

AMEDD CMDT

Members not involved

KT TZ BKVED HAEEO BNAEO EKAEOu BAT ATCCKB AEHKB WPFE KPS CoopAma TYEGKa

GM AMD ZMH UNICEF

BoFon ODES ZMH

AWK KBZK SNGSG SCPCVZJK

6.3.2 Develop capacity building action plan for (10) existing multi-stakeholder platforms

The following action plan has been developed as a result of the stakeholder mapping exercise..

Kondala Actors Goal, role,

motivation Position in the network

Level of influence

Level of interest

Potential role in the DryDev

Engagement strategy Inform Consult Involve Collaborate Em

AMEPPE Capacity building, sensitization and raise awareness for sustainable management of NR

Prominent H H Implementing actor

FUAPAD Support local communities through capacity building and promotion of innovations

Prominent/influential

L H Sensitization, village-based training and extension

UACT Improve local livelihood through mutual support and collective actions

Prominent/influential/bonder

H H Sensitization, networking and partnership

Mairie Coordinate and support community development initiatives

Prominent/influential/bonder

H H Policy support and advocacy

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SV/STE Improve local livelihood through technical support and service provision

Prominent/influential/bonder

L H Capacity building and technology dissemination

Sahel Eco Promote sustainable use and mgt of NR

Prominent H H NLO, lobbying, advocacy

SA/STA Improve local livelihood through technical support and service provision

Prominent L H Capacity building and technology dissemination

S/prefecture

Local government authority, support local development initiatives

Prominent H H Policy and security support

SDS Promote local development through capacity building

Prominent H H Training and capacity building of vulnerable groups

CARITAS Improve the livelihoods of vulnerable groups

Prominent H H Training marginalized groups, scaling out

ODESM Raise awareness and increase access to improved technologies

Prominent H L Sensitization, village-based training and out-scaling

Radio Parisin

Raise awareness and promote the transmission of information faster, certain and accurate.

Bonder H H Ensure a smooth flow of information, promote knowledge sharing

RMCR Improve local livelihood through mutual support and collective actions

Prominent/influential/bonder

L L Sensitization, networking and partnership

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Mouina

Actors Goal, role, motivation

Position in the network

Level of influence

Level of interest

Potential role in the DryDev

Engagement strategy Inform Consult Involve Collabor

ate Empower

WV Improve local livelihoods through development support and capacity building

Prominent H L Capacity building, out scaling

YEREDON Support local communities through capacity building and promotion networking and partnership

Prominent/influential

H L Sensitization, village-based training and extension

CMDT Improve local livelihood through provision of innovations and technical advices

Prominent H H Sensitization, networking and out scaling

CCDSES Support community development initiatives and promote inclusiveness

Prominent/influential

H H Advocacy and policy influencing

UAPIA Improve local livelihood through technical support and service provision

Prominent/influential/bonder

H H Capacity building and technology dissemination

AMEPPE Capacity building, sensitization and raise awareness for sustainable management of NR

Prominent H H Implementing actor

SSAM/STA Improve local livelihood through technical support and service provision

Prominent L H Capacity building and technology dissemination

CeZin Improve local livelihoods through mutual support and collective actions

Influential L H Sensitization, networking and extension

Coop H Improve local livelihoods through mutual support and collective actions

Influential/bonder

L H Sensitization, networking and extension

CARITAS Improve the livelihoods of vulnerable groups

Prominent H L Training marginalized groups, scaling out

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SODAC

Raise awareness and increase access to improved technologies

Prominent H L Sensitization, training and out-scaling

TieZin Raise awareness and promote the transmission of information faster, certain and accurate.

Non-involved L H Ensure a smooth flow of information, promote knowledge sharing

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6.3.3 Implement the capacity building action plan for existing multi-stakeholder platforms Local concertation framework at district level (CLOCSAD) and local concertation framework at

commune level (CCOCSAD)12, have been set up by the government in the frame of the decentralisation policy. The aim of these frameworks is to allow local stakeholders to coordinate and monitor the development agenda within their municipalities. In this regards DRYDEV organised three meetings of the CCOCSAD and one meeting of the CLOCSAD to allow the stakeholders to agree on the priorities identified in the integrated water resources management plans (IWRM) for the three sub catchments in the district of Yorosso.

The action plans developed out of the stakeholder mapping will be used by DRYDEV partners to engage into a strategic and inclusive partnership with the various stakeholders

3.2.7. WORK PACKAGE 7 PLANNING, M&E, AND SCALING OF LEARNING Activity Area 7.1: Programme Management Monitoring 7.1.1 Farmer intervention and technology/practice uptake tracking in 83 villages

In 2016, DRYDEV implementing partners have decided to focus their efforts on building the capacity of the different producers on contextually appropriate options. This activities has therefore been carried forwards in the DIP 2017.

7.1.2 Participatory M&E with FOs & local stakeholders in ten (10) sub-catchments

The following activities were implemented in 2016 under this activity area. From 11 to 20 January 2016, the coordinator of DRYDEV Mali, accompanied by the PMEL officer

visited the 10 sub-catchments to verify the visioning process and collect general socio-economic data regarding the sub-catchments that will be used to triangulate with the individual data collected by the enumerators during the baseline survey. The project coordinator for the district of Bankass and Bandiagara was also trained during this mission by the National DRYDEV coordinator on how to use the AKVO “Real time Reporting Systems (RRS)”. The staff of the implementing partners were also support in the elaboration of their work plans for the quarter January-march 2016.

Training of DRYDEV field staff (15 persons) from 9 to 11th March 2016 on the utilization of the programme monitoring and learning tools (PMEL) tools to collect data for DRYDEV indicators.

Support of DRYDEV coordination to the implementing partners: DRYDEV Coordinator organised from 1st to 5th June a mission to support AMEPPE in the animation of the discussions with the stakeholders in the frame of the IWRM plans elaboration in the sub-catchment of Kondala, Mouina and Fambougou.

Planning meeting with the implementing partners: Following the first regional coordination meeting held in Bamako on the 26th of May, it was recommended to the Lead organisation to convene a meeting with the implementing organisation to develop an action plan that will enable each country to reach by August 2016 an overall consumption level of the 2015 DIP funds of 70% in order to request the funds for the DIP 2016. This meeting was held from 9th to 10 June 2016. Following this meeting each partner developed an action plan and strategies which enable partners to accelerate the pace of implementation of activities on the ground.

12 CLOCSAD (Comité Local d’Orientation, de Coordination et de Suivi des Actions de Développement/ Local Committee for the Coordination of Development Actions at district level) CCOSAD (Comité Communal d’Orientation, de Coordination des Actions de Développement/ Local Committee for the Coordination of Development Actions at commune level)

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Participation to the training on «Climate Services and Integrated Participatory on Agriculture (PISCA)": The PMEL Officer of DRYDEV Mali participated to the PICSA training on «Climate Services and Integrated Participatory on Agriculture" organized by ICRAF in Sévaré from April 25 to 29, 2016. The training covers topics like: i) climate services and development of index-based insurance products; ii) the use of climatic information to reduce the impact of climate risks on producers’ livelihoods; iii) help producers make appropriate decisions during their activity.

Participation to workshop Review and refine of the Monitoring Evaluation Plan (PMEL): A Regional Workshop on M & E was held in Ouagadougou from June 26 to 2nd July, 2016. This workshop brought together 10 participants including 2 from Mali (National Coordinator of DRYDEV and the PMEL specialist), Niger 2, and Burkina Faso 4 and 2 Facilitators from ICRAF. The participants reviewed and refined the Monitoring Evaluation Plan (PMEL). Consolidated tools were also developed for tracking the outputs at the program level. Data collection tools to feed the PMEL were also discussed. The participants also develop ToR for the joint qualitative monitoring of DRYDEV by ICRAF and the lead organisations.

The administrative board of Sahel Eco and the DRYDEV coordination team conducted a monitoring visit from 3rd to 6th November 2016 in the six sub-catchments were DRYDEV intervenes in the region of Sikasso and Segou. This visit allows the lead organisation to exchange with the beneficiaries and the local administration regarding their involvement in the programme implementation and appreciate progress made by the implementing partners. Overall assessment made during this visit is the necessity for partners to speed up the implementation of activities planned in the DIP 2016 especially the water storage infrastructures to be constructed. Advises were also provided to the staff for the scaling up and integration of activities on the ground.

A tree-days’ workshop was organised from 12th to 14th October 2016 at Columbus Hotel in Bamako to develop the detailed implementation plan (DIP) for 2017. This workshop was attended by 40 persons comprising the field staff, DRYDEV coordination team, the technical services of the government as strategic partners for DRYDEV, the administrative support staff of each partner and representative of ICRAF. The workshop enabled the participants to reflect on progress made in 2016, lessons learnt and challenges. The participants also discuss the CAP/Visioning process and how best the results can be used to plan activities for 2017. Then targets in the original implementation plan (PIP) for the PIP have been reviewed, the budget consumption by partner was presented. Presentation on how to integrate gender and inclusiveness to the DRYDEV programme were also made by experts from ICRAF. All these guided the elaboration of the DIP 2017 which was then finalized and consolidated by ICRAF and submitted to the donor.

7.1.3 Joint quarterly quality monitoring by ICRAF and NL Visit of the new Director of DRYDEV programme in Mali in April-May 2016. During this visit meeting

were organised with the country team and the First Advisor/Head of Cooperation and the responsible in charge of water issues at the Nertherlands Embassy in Mali. Fild visit was also orgrganised in the sub-catchments of Menamba, Kiffosso and Koumbia in the Sikasso region and the sub-catchment of Fambougou (Cinzana) in Segou region. The main observations and recommendations is the need to speed up the pace of implementation of the activities on the ground as well and the necessity to intensify and integrate activities across the various work packages to produce the impacts that DRYDEV is aiming for.

Regional Coordinating Committee of DRYDEV: The first meeting of the Regional Coordinating

Committee of DRYDEV was held on 26 May 2016 in the conference room of ICRAF’s Sahel Node. The objective of the meeting was to review progress made by DRYDEV in the three countries.

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Activity Area 7.2 Scaling of evidence and learning 7.2.1 “Scaling stakeholder” mapping and analysis in 83 villages Stakeholders mapping workshops. With the support of ICRAF, the stakeholders mapping exercise

was carried out in eight sub-catchments (Sadia Dogon, Kondala, Mouina, Koumbia, Menamba and Kiffosso). A total of 195 people including 61 women attended the stakeholder mapping workshops. Key actors that are relevant to DRYDEV and their past and current interactions have been mapped. Data collected was analysed by ICRAF to produce a report that is available. Information gathered through this mapping process will be used to design a communication and capacity building plan and strategy to engage into a strategic and inclusive partnership with the various stakeholders in order to scale up the evidence learnt form the implementation of DRYDEV.

7.2.2 Meetings with “scaling stakeholders” in 83 villages Finalization of the visioning/CAP process) in eight remaining villages: The visioning is a process

which allows communities to self-diagnose their development situation, set a vision and develop an action plan to reach that vision. The visioning process started in late 2015. This process was completed between January and February 2016 in the six remaining villages of the sub-catchments of Mouina and Fambougou in the region of Segou and the sub-catchments of Kogo and Sadia Dogon in the region of Mopti. A total of 1 519 persons including 591 women participated to this process.

Organization of workshops to consolidate the options and learning priorities: The visioning process was carried out in all the village targeted in Mali for DRYDEV intervention using the guide developed by ICRAF. However it was noted a lot of discrepancies in the formulation of the learning priorities identified by the implementing partners. A workshop was held on January 29, 2016 in Sahel Eco offices in Bamako to better explain the concept of learning priorities and options to project field coordinators. Another workshop was organized from 10 to 12 February 2016 with the country team to validate the learning priorities.

Activity Area 7.3: Scaling of evidence and learning (ICRAF to co-lead) A workshop, gathering the three DRYDEV countries in the Sahel Eco, was held in Bamako from 24

to 26 February 2016 in the ICRAF Sahel meeting room Samanko to exchange on the concepts and the process of developing and implementing the comparisons plans. This workshop allowed the participants to review and refine the options and learning priorities identify in the three countries through the visioning and CAP process. The draft protocols developed by ICRAF for the implementation of the plan comparisons were presented during a meeting held at Sahel Eco on 24th May 2016. Comments and contributions were made by the country team of Mali to finalise the protocols.

Audit of DRYDEV Mali Accounts: The finance and Compliance Officer recruited by ICRAF to support

DRYDEV implementing partners and lead organizations in the Sahel organized from 7 to 15 march 2016 a mission to check compliance of accounting records and make constructive recommendations to address the weaknesses identified.

The financial audit of DRYDEV Mali expenditure for the period from 1st April 2015 to 31st December

2015 has been conducted in April and May 2016 by external auditor. The draft report has been presented the implementing partners during a meeting organized on 26 April 2016 in the office of Sahel Eco. Following the comments of the partners a final report has been prepared by the auditor and shared with ICRAF.

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3.2.8. WORK PACKAGE 8 POLICY ANALYSIS & INFLUENCING Activity Area 8.1: Policy constraints and challenges identification

8.1.1 Identification key policy constraints faced by participating farmers (at least four thematic

reviews) Review of the Agriculture Land Law: An Agriculture Land Law has been elaborated by the

government and submitted to the parliament for adoption. Under work package 8 of DRYDEV related to policy analysis and influencing, Sahel Eco, in collaboration with the Advocacy Network for the Security of Farm Land Tenure (RP- Sefa Mali) which regroups 24 civil society organizations active in the promotion of resilience of small family farms through farm land security, organized on 29th March 2016 a workshop to review the law and develop arguments for consideration of the need of small holder farmers.

8.1.2 Networking (Thematic networks established/supported) Sahel Eco is founding member of the Advocacy Network for the Security of Farm Land Tenure (RP-

Sefa Mali) which regroups 24 civil society organizations active in the promotion of resilience of small family farms through farm land security. DRYDEV collaborated with this network on advocacy to review the draft law. The concerns of the network regarding agriculture lands grabbing have been taken into account in the final law adopted by the national parliament.

Sahel Eco is also member of another network called ‘AGORA 30 for Resilience in Mali’. Agora 30 is

a platform of civil society actors for the promotion of synergy, research initiatives, capitalization, capacity building, policies influencing and practices aimed at strengthening resilience to environmental risks. The launching workshop of this platform was held on 27 July 2016 and the members developed an action plan for 2017 during a workshop held on 22 December 2016 at Mandé hotel in Bamako. DRYDEV coordinator participated to this meeting. Information and advocacy activities with decision-makers on issues relevant to DRYDEV have been planned in action plan for 2017. DRYDEV Mali has planned in the DIP 2017 to work with AGORA 30 on activities such as research initiatives on how DRYDEV is building resilience and adaptation capacity to climate change, capacity building on lobbying and advocacy strategies, etc.

8.1.2 Development of lobbying action plan to address the identified constraints Organization of a press conference on the Agriculture Land Law : With the support of DRYDEV

Mali, the arguments developed by the members of RP-Sefa ruegarding the risk of agriculture land grabbing were shared with media during a press conference organized on 12 April 2016 at the Press House ‘Maison de la Press’. This conference was attended by 62 representative of written and spoken media.

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4. KEY CHALLENGES AND CONSTRAINTS -1/2PG 4.1. LIST DOWN ANY KEY CONSTRAINTS THAT YOU FACED IN THIS REPORTING PERIOD; WHAT YOU DID

DO TO OVERCOME THEM Delay in the reports submission by the implementing partners: these reports should be consolidated

and translated into English by Sahel Eco before being submitted to ICRAF. Delay in the submission of reports by implementing partners make it very hard to meet the deadline for submission of the report to ICRAF. To overcome these delays, the project team decided to hold reporting and planning meetings. Also the new Director of DRYDEV indicated that he could accept few days delay for the submission of the English version provided that the French version is submitted on time.

The financing agreement with ICRAF stipulate that disbarment will be made only when the budget consumption level reaches 70%. However, the activities being implemented by different partners, it turn out they do not proceed at the same pace in the implementation of activities. This penalizes those moving faster because as long as the cumulative rate does not reaches 70% the lead organisation can’t request disbursement from ICRAF. To overcome this challenges, it was agreed for the next disbursement to be made by the lead organisation for the implementing partners to do it on a quarterly basis according to the financial needs of the quarterly action plans.

The approved budget for investment in water storage infrastructures is very small compared to the cost of certain infrastructures (market garden areas, micro dams) for which the population needs DRYDEV support to make significant change in agricultural production in order transition from subsistence agriculture and emergency food aid to market-based agriculture. To overcome this constraint, the integration between the different work-packages and domains of activities were used.

There is need for initial direct subsidies to producers for equipment’s necessary to uptake the technologies promoted by DRYDEV and inputs (seeds, equipment, fertilizers, tree seedlings etc.). The subsidy policy adopted by the DRYDEV team in the approved PIP needs to be revised to suit that reality of the ground for rapid adoption of the promoted technologies.

4.2. LIST KEY OPPORTUNITIES YOU DISCOVERED AND HOW THE PROGRAM CAN CAPITALIZE ON THEM The advocacy networks RP-Sefa and "Agora 30", are strategic partners with whom Sahel Eco, through

DRYDEV, has already initiated information and advocacy activities with decision-makers on land issues which are relevant to DRYDEV. This partnership is an opportunity that will be strengthened in 2017 within the framework of work package 8 on policy analysis and influence.

The Agriculture Financing Fair (FINAGRI) is a good opportunity for the DRYDEV program in Mali. Indeed FINAGRI is an initiative of AgriProFocus which aims to create a framework for consultation and promotion of agricultural entrepreneurship in the form of an agricultural finance fair. This exhibition brings together the different actors in the agricultural sector (those in need of financing) and financial service providers (banks, MFIs, investment funds). In 2016, DRYDEV Mali, supported the participation, to the two editions of the FINAGRI, of the members of cooperatives in the different segments of the value chains supported by DRYDEV. This participation will continues in 2017 and DRYDEV team will facilitate negotiation with the financial services providers after the fair for the mobilisation of financial resources to support the business plans elaborated with the support of DRYDEV.

In 2016, the Mali country team was expanded to include the National Directorate of Water (DNH), an institution which has extensive experience in integrated water resources management. In 2016, the DRYDEV team benefited from the advices of the representative of DNH during the planning of the integrated water resources management plans (IWRM). DNH is a strategic partner through which, lessons learned and evidences from DRYDEV implementation can be scaled up in other

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localities. The DNH also plays important roles in defining the government policies on water management to support food production.

The Dutch Embassy in Mali covering the three Sahel countries (Mali, Niger, and Burkina Faso) has expressed interest in the experience of the DRYDEV programme, and willingness to facilitate synergy with other programs financed by the Dutch Government in Mali in the domain of water. This is an opportunity for leveraging strategic partnerships, sharing experiences between different projects, and scaling up of improved interventions.

5. LESSONS LEARNED 5.1. LIST DOWN ANY LESSON YOU HAVE LEARNED DURING THIS REPORTING PERIOD. WHAT CHANGED/OR IS TO change because of the lesson learned. The lessons learned should cover-1/2pg In order to overcome the delays in report submission by implementing partners is was agreed to

organise within a week after the end of each quarter a workshop for the compilation of the quarterly reports and elaboration of the quarterly action plans. These meetings provide opportunities for strengthening synergy and complementarity between the partners implementing activities of work package 1, 2, 3 (which aims to increase production) and the partners responsible for the implementation of activities under work package 4 and 5 (which aim to increase access to market and financial services).

All the fields visits and mission organised in 2016 emphasized the need to develop strategies for achieving 3 key pillars of the DDRYDEV Strategy, namely: i) Integration of activities across Work Packages – in each Intervention Site, ii) Intensification of intervention to ensure maximum impact and iii) Scaling out to ensure large geographical coverage and large number of beneficiaries. This will be strengthened in 2017 using the labor intensive approach in the implementation of certain activities under work package 1, 2 and 3.

The year 2016 represents for DRYDEV Mali the first full year devoted to the implementation of

activities in the field. All the activities planned for 2016 have not been implemented and there delays in some works packages or activities areas particularly water buffering infrastructures, improving access to market and linking value chain actors with financial institution have not been implemented. There is, therefore, need to accelerate the pace of implementation of planned activities, taking into account the integration and intensification of the technologies and options promoted by the DRYDEV programme.

The visioning, or Community Action Planning (CAP), is a participatory planning process that allows communities to self-diagnose their own situation and formulate their vision of the desired change. At the time of preparing the DIP 2016 the CAP process had not been completed in Mali. Thus, the results of the CAP process could not nurture the planning of the DIP 2016, although they had been considered in the implementation of the activities in the field. However, the results of the CAP process have now been taken into account in planning the DIP 2017.

The decision to reduce the number of sub- catchments from 15 to 10 where DRYDEV intervenes in

Mali came after the validation of the Consolidated PIP (2015-2018) by DGIS. These changes affect the number of targets set for DRYDEV Mali. The DIP 2017 has therefore taken into account this reduction of the number of intervention sites and, subsequently, the beneficiaries targeted have been reduced from 56,235 (28,680 females) in the PIP document, to 53,286 (27,176 females)

Additional field-based staff have been hired by the IP OXFAM America to provide closer support to producers for the efficient implementation of activities under WP4 (Enhancing market access) and

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WP5 (Financial services linking) across the 83 villages in the 10 sub-catchments targeted by DRYDEV in Mali. These changes are motivated by the fact that WP4 and WP5 activities have lagged behind in 2016, largely because OXFAM had only three staff (one project chief and two advisors) to implement the two work packages in all the 83 villages.

After fifteen months of implementing DRYDEV on the ground it became necessary to amend certain articles of the agreement signed between the lead organisation and the implementing partners to take into account the requirements on activities planning, the disbursement period, the deadlines for reports submission. In this regards amendments will be elaborated and signed between Sahel Eco and the implementing partners in Mali.

In order to reduce the high bank transaction costs when Sahel Eco transfers funds from the programme account which is in francs CFA to OXFAM America who used a US dollars currency account, OXFAM America has been requested to open in Mali a dedicated account in francs CFA where Sahel Eco will disburse fund for DRYDEV activities implemented by OXFAM America.

5.2. DESCRIPTION OF SITUATIONS TO DEMONSTRATE HOW YOU APPLIED THE FOLLOWING (BOTH successes and failures); i) Integration, ii) Inclusiveness, iii) Bottom up, iv) Options by context) Leveraging strategic partnerships -1pg each

Principles Successes Failures Integration DRYDEV is making encouraging farmers to integrate different

technologies on the same plots. In some places farmers combine stone lines technique with FMNR and the use of compost on the same farms.

The integration of activities is not wide spread, there are still isolated example of farmers who did this. Particular attention will be paid to the integration of activities of different work package in the coming periods.

Inclusiveness In all the activities DRYDEV team is emphasizing the participation of women and youth with positive discrimination strategy which allow vulnerable groups (women, youth less wealthiest peoples) to participate and benefit the intervention of DRYDEV.

Gender consideration through the positive discrimination strategy is not always understood by the communities because of cultural believes.

Bottom up The visioning and community action planning is a participatory process which allow the community member to diagnose their development status set a vision for their desired change to occur. This prepare the communities to engage themselves in the monitoring of the results.

Options by context

The visioning and CAP process allow for the contextualisation of the interventions. A technology that is contextually appropriate for instance in the region of Sikasso may not be appropriate for the region of Mopti and Segou and Vice Versa. The protocols for the implementation of the Participatory Actions Learning (PAL) will also increase our understanding of the different context with regards to the performance of certain technologies. For instance how to reduce the time between the date of planting and the date of first production

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for Balanites aegyptiaca using different propagation techniques. In the place where it is difficult to find stones we advise earth bunds.

Leveraging strategic Partnership

The stakeholders mapping exercise was carried out in eight sub-catchments enabled the identification of relevant actors for DRYDEV work, understand the past and current interactions between these actors, their expectation for DRYDEV program, the extension services providers and theirs strategies as well as potential that could play each actor in the implementation of DRYDEV. This mapping is accompanied by an action plan which identify the activities that DRYDEV can implement with each actors. The implementation of this action plan will enable us to upscale the evidence learnt from the ground. The National Directorate of Water (DNH), an institution which has extensive experience in integrated water resources management. Sahel Eco invited the DNH to join the country as strategic partner to benefit from theirs advices for the implementation of the IWRM principles and others policies of the government on water issues. The advocacy networks RP-Sefa and "Agora 30", are strategic partners with whom Sahel Eco, through DRYDEV, has already initiated information and advocacy activities with decision-makers on land issues which are relevant to DRYDEV. This partnership is an opportunity that will be strengthened in 2017 within the framework of work package 8 on policy analysis and influence. The Agriculture Financing Fair (FINAGRI) is a good opportunity for the DRYDEV program in Mali. Indeed FINAGRI is an initiative of AgriProFocus which aims to create a framework for consultation and promotion of agricultural entrepreneurship in the form of an agricultural finance fair. This exhibition brings together the different actors in the agricultural sector (those in need of financing) and financial service providers (banks, MFIs, investment funds). In 2016, DRYDEV Mali, supported the participation, to the two editions of the FINAGRI, of the members of cooperatives in the different segments of the value chains supported by DRYDEV. This participation will continues in 2017 and DRYDEV team will facilitate negotiation with the financial services providers after the fair for the mobilisation of financial resources to support the business plans elaborated with the support of DRYDEV.

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Tableau n° 1: Number of producers involved in DRYDEV activities in 2016

WP FARMERS REACHED

Wealthiest UPA13 Moderate Wealthiest UPA Poor UPA Very Poor UPA

TOTAL WOMENS WP1 5 719 1934 920 1542 2470 787 WP2 3 833 1291 618 1124 1397 694 WP3 1 707 521

WP4 8 317 4690

WP5

WP6 403 43

WP7 1 519 591

WP8

13 An Agricultural Production Unit (UPA) includes some or all of the members of the family group, living or not under the same roof, who cultivate fields in common.