Drugs Chole (1)

8/12/2019 Drugs Chole (1)

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GenericName

BrandName

Classification Doseand

Route

Action Indication Contraindication Side Effects Nursing Consideration

Hyoscine N-butylBromide

Buscopan Gastro-intestinalantispasmodic

20mg1ampIVTTnow(1 ml)

.It's acompetitiveantagonistof theactions ofacetylcholine andothermuscarinicagonists.

Hyoscineworks byrelaxingthe musclethat isfound inthe walls ofthestomach,intestinesand bileduct

(gastrointestinal tract)and thereproductive organsand urinarytract(genitourinary tract)

Thismedication isused to relievebladder orintestinalspasms.

Anticholinergic agents Antihistamine

s Monoamine

oxidaseinhibitors

Tricyclicantidepressants

Competitivelyblocks prokinetic

agents

Nausea,vomiting, lossof appetite,constipation,dry mouth,rash, itching,swelling ofthe hands orfeet, troublebreathing,increasedpulse,

dizziness,diarrhea,visionproblems,eye pain

- Inform patientthat drug maycause blurredvision. Instructpatient to report ifshe experiencessuch symptom.

Assess forparkinsonism andExtra-pyramidalsymptoms.

Assess for urinary

hesitancy Assess forconstipation.

Caution patient toavoid alcoholbecause it mayincrease CNSdepression.

As appropriate,review all othersignificant adversereactions and

interactions Give onlyprescribed dosage

Do not take leftover medicationsfor other disorders

Keep out the reach ofchildren


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GenericName

BrandName


Route


Ciprofloxacin Ciprobay Anti-infectives 200mg IVq8(1.2ml)

Infectionsof therespiratorytract,middle ear,paranasalsinuses,eyes,kidneysand urinarytract.

-treatment ofinfectionscaused bygram (-)bacteria

- treatment ofuncomplicatedbacteria

Hypersensitivityto quinolones Common:nausea,diarrhea,site reactions,vomiting,transientincrease intransaminases

assess patient forprevious sensitivityreaction


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GenericName

BrandName


Route


Nalbuphine Nubain Analgesics 10mgIV

(6ml)

Nalbuphineacts as anagonist atspecific opioidreceptors inthe CNS toproduceanalgesia, sedationbut also actsto causehallucinationsand is an

antagonist at

Relief ofmoderate tosevere pain;for pre-operativelyanalgesia.

Hypersensitive todrug and itscomponents-Abnormalvaginal bleeding-cause rhinitis

Sedation,drowsiness,sweating,nausea, drymouth anddizziness,headache,vomiting

assess patientsunderlying conditionbefore therapy obtainsdrug history.-monitor vital signsafter parenteral route.-monitor allergicreactions.-advised patient torefrain from takingCNS depressants forat least 24 hours after

taking this drug.


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GenericName

BrandName


Route


Diazepam Valium Benzodiazepine, skeletalmuscle relaxant

10mg1 tab2am

Potentiatesthe effectsof GABA;

Act inspinal cordand atsupraspinal sites toproduceskeletalmusclerelaxation

Relief ofanxiety andtension; tolessen recall inpatients priorto surgicalprocedures

Hypersensitivitytobenzodiazepines,psychosis, shock,coma, alcoholicintoxication,pregnancy

Drowsiness,dizziness, GIupset,difficultyconcentrating, fatigue,nervousness,crying

Carefully monitorpulse, respirationrate and bloodpressure duringadministration

Keep addiction prone patientsunder carefulsurveillance

Ensure readyaccess tobathroom if GI

effects occur Provide small,frequent meals toprevent GI upset

Establish safetyprecautions if CNSchanges occur

Monitor liver andkidney function,CBC during longterm therapy

Taper dose

gradually afterlong term therapy Discuss risk of

fetal abnormalitieswith patientsdesiring tobecome pregnant

Take drug exactlyas prescribed

Do not stop drugabruptly during


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long term therapy Caregiver should

learn to assessseizures andmonitor patient

Use of barriercontraceptive isadvised while onthis drug

Avoid alcohol,sleep inducingdrugs


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GenericName

BrandName


Route


RanitidineHydrochloride

Zantac H-2 antagonist 150mg 1tab Competitively inhibitsaction ofhistamineathistamine2receptorsof theparietalcells of thestomach,inhibiting

basalgastricacidsecretionand gastricacidsecretionthat isstimulatedby food,insulin,histamine,

cholinergicagonists,gastrin,andpentagastrin

Against ulcerbrought aboutby NPO due tosurgicalprocedure

Hypersensitivityto ranitidine,lactation

Constipation,nausea,vomiting,breastenlargement,impotence,headache

Administeroral drug withmeals and hs

Decreasedoses in renaland liverfailure

Provideconcurrentantacidtherapy torelieve pain

Avoidcigarettesmoking as itdecreaseseffectiveness

Have regularmedicalfollow-up toevaluateresponse

Adjustenvironment

(lights, temp,noise) topreventheadache

Usingranitidine mayincrease yourrisk ofdevelopingpneumonia

Avoid drinking


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bleeding ulcer.


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Advise patientto report anysigns ofbleeding/bruising

Patient shouldbe advised notto take OTCdrugs withoutadvice ofhealth careprovider

Advise patientto informhealth careprovider ofmedicationregimen priorto treatment orsurgery

Emphasizeimportance offrequent labtest to monitorcoagulationfactors


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GenericName

BrandName


Route


Etoricoxib Arcoxia COX-2SelectiveInhibitor

120mg POOD

Arcoxiareducespain andinflammation byblockingCOX-2, anenzyme inthe

body.Arcoxia does notblockCOX-1, theenzymeinvolved inprotectingthestomachfromulcers.Other anti-inflammatorymedicines(NSAIDS)block bothCOX-1 andCOX-2.Arcoxia

relief of acutepain

Hypersensitivityto arcoxia and itsingredients suchas etoricoxib

Nausea,vomiting,diarrhea,Headache,Rash, Blurredvision,Difficulty insleeping,Musclecramps,

Fatigue

Take Arcoxia onlywhen prescribedby your doctor.

For the relief ofchronicmusculoskeletalpain therecommendeddose is 60 mgonce a day.

If you have mildliver disease, youshould not takemore than 60 mg aday. If you havemoderate liverdisease, youshould not takemore than 60 mgevery other day.

When taking the

tablets, swallowthem with a glassof water. Do nothalve the tablet.

Take your Arcoxiaat about the sametime each day.

Taking Arcoxia atthe same time


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relievespain andinflammation withless risk ofstomachulcerscomparedto NSAID

each day will havethe best effect. Itwill also help youremember when totake the dose.

It does not matterif you take Arcoxiabefore or afterfood.

Do not use Arcoxia for longerthan your doctorsays.

Do not take adouble dose tomake up for thedose that youmissed.

If you get aninfection whiletaking Arcoxia, tellyour doctor.

Arcoxia may hidefever and maymake you think,mistakenly, thatyou are better orthat your infectionis less seriousthan it might be.


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GenericName

BrandName


Route


Tramadolhydrochloride

Ultram Central actinganalgesic

100mg 1tabPOOD

Binds tomu-opioidreceptorsandinhibits thereuptake of

norepinephrine andserotonin;causesmanyeffectssimilar toopioids butdoesntcauserespiratorydepression

Relief ofmoderate tosevere pain.

Hypersensitivityto tramadol oropioids orintoxication withalcohol, opioids,or psychoactive

drugs

Decreasedeffectiveness withcarbamezapine

Increasedrisk oftramadoltoxicitywithMAOIs

Controlenvironment (temp, light,noise)

Limit use inpatients with

past orpresenthistory ofaddiction ordependenceto opioids

Cautionpatient not tochew or crushtablet

Keep opioidantagonistreadilyavailable incase ofemergency

Instruct post-op patientsthat drugsuppresscough reflex

Monitor bowelfunction and


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arrangelaxatives forconstipation

Institute safetyprecautions

(side rails,assistivedevice)

Providefrequent,small meals ifGI upsetoccurs

Provide backrubs,positioning,and other nonpharmacological measuresto alleviatepain

Take drugexactly asprescribed

Avoid alcohol,antihistamines, sedatives,tranquilizerswhile takingthis drug


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antibioticspectrumofampicillinto includemanybacterianormallyresistant toit and toother beta-lactamantibiotics.

Have vitamin Kavailable in caseofHypoprothombrenemia.


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GenericName

BrandName


Route


Nalbuphine Nubain Analgesics 10mgIV

(6ml)

Nalbuphineacts as anagonist atspecificopioidreceptors inthe CNS toproduceanalgesia,sedation butalso acts tocausehallucinationsand is anantagonist at

Relief ofmoderate tosevere pain; forpre- operativelyanalgesia.

Hypersensitive todrug and itscomponents-Abnormalvaginal bleeding-cause rhinitis

Sedation,drowsiness,sweating,nausea, drymouth anddizziness,headache,vomiting

assess patientsunderlying conditionbefore therapy obtainsdrug history.-monitor vital signsafter parenteral route.-monitor allergicreactions.-advised patient torefrain from takingCNS depressants forat least 24 hours aftertaking this drug.


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GenericName

BrandName


Route


Omeprazole Prilosec Proton- pumpinhibitor 40 mgIV -Gastricacid pumpinhibitorSuppresses gastricacidsecretionsby specificinhibitionof thehydrogen-potassium ATPase enzymesystem atthe secretory surface of thegastricparietalcells;blocks thefinal stepof acidproduction.

-Short termtreatment ofactive duodenalulcer

Hypersensitivityto drug and itscomponent

Drowsiness,dizziness, GIupset,difficultyconcentrating, fatigue,nervousness,crying

Give omeprazolebefore meals,preferablyin the morning foronce-daily dosing.Ifneeded, also givean antacid, asprescribed.

Lab tests: Monitorurinalysis forhematuriaand proteinuria.Periodic liverfunction tests withprolonged use.

Report any

changes in

urinary

elimination

such as pain or

discomfortassociated with

urination,

orblood in

urine.

Report severe

diarrhea; drug


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may need to be

discontinued.

Do not breastfeed while

taking this drug.

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